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Biomedical subjects

A I Malashenkov

Publications and source records attributed to A I Malashenkov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Unsolved problems of the surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta (analysis of complications)].

It is shown that various complications occurring after surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta with or without aortic insufficiency depend mainly on the methods of correction applied and the etiology of the disease. As the result of the study the authors conclude that the Bentall-De Bono and Cabroe's operations are radical methods for surgical management of dissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta irrespective of the etiology of the disease. Wide introduction of these operative methods into the clinical practice led to an essential decrease of hospital mortality and the frequency of complications in the immediate and late-term postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Reoperations after insertion of heart valve prosthesis].

The authors analysed 167 repeated operations after heart valve prosthetics, which were conducted from 1978 to 1988. The operations were undertaken for the second time mainly in a severe contingent of patients. The reasons for the repeated operations were specific complications according to which 2 groups of patients were set apart: with dysfunction of the prosthesis of noninfectious origin and with prosthetic endocarditis. Study showed that repeated operative intervention undertaken in time reduces considerably its risk and produces a stable positive effect in most cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of endocarditis following heart valve prosthesis].

Experience of many years in surgical treatment of prosthetic valve endocarditis (RVE) is analyzed. Patients whose condition was serious were operated on for a second time: 91.6% had preoperative functional class IV, in half of them circulatory disorders were of stage IIB--III; 62.4% were subjected to reoperation for emergency indications. Twenty-five reoperations were performed for early PVE with 52% hospital mortality, 23 reoperations-for late term PVE with mortality of 30.4%. The most frequent cause of PVE was staphylococcal infection which showed a tendency to increase in the recent years. In early PVE the severity of the condition in the recent years. In early PVE the severity of the condition was due to sepsis and intoxication, in late-term PVE it was caused by disorders of hemodynamics which were usually induced by dysfunction of the prosthesis. The results of surgical management of PVE depended on the severity of the patient's condition before the operation, timely performance of the operation, and the efficacy of antibacterial therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical tactics in dissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta].

The aspects of surgical tactics in management of dissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta are analysed in relation to the disease etiology, the anatomical pattern of the aortic root, presence of attending aortic insufficiency, and dissection extension. Based on the experience of 32 operations (March 1979--February 1988), it is concluded that the abnormal type must be the best criterion for choosing the surgical technique. In dissecting aneurysms due to aortic wall degeneration, Bentall-De Bono and Cabrol's modifications are preferable. In dissecting aneurysms of atherosclerotic origin, the boundary of the proximal extension of dissection should be taken into account. When the dissection extends into the aortic root, the operation using a valve-containing conduit with reimplantation of the ostia of the coronary arteries is feasible. If the aortic root is not involved, isolated prosthesis of the ascending aorta or separate prosthesis of the aortic valve and ascending aorta may be performed depending on the presence of aortic failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta: immediate and late results.

The authors describe experience gained with surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta in the period from 1978 to 1987. 30 patients were operated on using the techniques proposed by Bentall, De Bono and Carbrol. All patients exhibited the presence of annulo-aortic ectasia. Hospital mortality in the past four years was 20%. On the basis of an analysis of immediate and late results the authors come to the conclusion that Bentall's, De Bono's and Cabrol's technique is the method of choice for surgical corrections of annulo-aortic ectasia and Marfan's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Immediate results of the surgical treatment of aneurysms of the ascending aorta associated with aortic insufficiency].

Experience with surgical treatment of ascending-artery aneurysms with concomitant aortic insufficiency is summed up. Forty-four patients were operated on, 30 of those having dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta. There were 6 operations where coronary arterial openings were isolated and stitched into a valve-containing conduit and 8 supracoronary resections with prosthetic aortic valve implantation. Hospital mortality rate was 78.6%. Thirty patients underwent Bentall-De Bono operation or Cabrol's operation. Hospital mortality was 26.6%. As surgical techniques and corrective methods improved, hospital mortality could be considerably reduced (to 7.7%).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Surgical treatment of aneurysm of the ascending aorta in Marfan syndrome].

An experience with 26 operations for aneurysms of the ascending aorta with a concomitant insufficiency of the aorta valve in Marfan syndrome is described. We started using operations after Bentall-De Bono in 1979 and operations after Cabrol in 1983 which were used in cases with low localization of openings of the coronary arteries in relation to the fibrous ring of the aorta valve, as well as in cases with the dissecting aorta wall, especially involving the area of the openings. These operations allowed the intrahospital lethality to be reduced: in the period of 1979-86 it made up 30% (6 patients died out of 20), in 1983-86 it was 15.4%, in 1986 it was 12.5%.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrastructural and histochemical criteria of myocardial hypoxia and a morphological assessment of the various methods for its protection (based on biopsy data of the human heart)].

Short-term ischemia (up to 10 minutes) induced by clamping of the aorta in correction of a ventricular septal defect causes no essential ultrastructural, metabolic or functional changes in the myocardium. In much longer period of ischemia (of up to 40 minutes) during operation for congenital heart diseases, the use of deep hypothermia is effective. Cold cardioplegia is a sufficiently reliable method for myocardial protection when the aorta is clamped for up to 60 minutes in operations for acquired heart diseases. Changes in the structure and metabolism of the myocardium are reparable, their degree depends on the initial condition of the heart muscle and proper fulfilment of the methodical conditions of this type of protection. Pharmacological cardioplegia combined with external cooling of the heart makes it safe to disconnect the heart from circulation for a loger period (up to 120 minutes).

Biopsy↗