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Biomedical subjects

A I Strukov

Publications and source records attributed to A I Strukov.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Dialectic of the interrelationship between structure and function in biology and medicine].

The paper deals with some aspects of the dialectics of structure and function relationships in biological objects normally and pathologically. Idealistic and metaphysical concepts of the structure-function relationships (morphological idealism, holism, physiological idealism, functionalism) are critisized, and historical premises of these concepts are characterized. The principle of indissoluble unity and interconnection of changes in structure and function is emphasized, while the thesis of the primacy of function in the shaping of the form and the concept of functional diseases are rejected. Much attention is paid to the methodological principles of the study of structure and function based on the systemic approach to the investigation of biological objects from the point of view of structural levels and integratism. The groundlessness of the principles of reductionism and organicism in the solution of this problem is indicated. The connection of the concepts of structure and function with categories and laws of materialistic dialectics is dwelt on.

Biology↗
PubMed1976

[Role of microcirculation in the development of pulmonary hypertension in chronic non-specific lung diseases].

A comparison of the results of morphological studies of pulmonary and pleural microcirculation with the indices of haemodynamics in the system of the pulmonary artery in patients with chronic non-specific lesions of the lungs accompanied by suppurative processes indicates the participation of microcirculation in the development of pulmonary hypertension. A lasting course of the disease with frequent exacerbations results in profound changes in the system of micricirculation. The pathological developments in the vascular terminals, the disorders in the rheological properties of the blood, in vascular permeability- the hampered lymph drainage that are the causes of irreversible metabolic shifts not only become additional factors in the development of the underlying pathology, in the formation of bronchiectases in particular, but also provide for a further development of pulmonary hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative pathology of the microcirculatory bed].

This paper presents an analysis of publications, mostly by Soviet authores, on clinical studies and morphological examinations of the microcirculatory bed in different pathology. It is concluded that the microcirculatory bed should be regarded as an integral system responding to the pathological effects by a local and general reaction of its structural components and by changing the rheological properties of blood. Two types of changes develop in the microcirculatory system -- sterotyped ones, typical for extreme states (various kinds of shock, hypertensive crisis, stress situations), and those specific for certain diseases (diabetes melitus, essential hypertension, athersclerosis, collagenoses, etc.). In all the above diseases the pathological process affects the functional structures of microcirculation that undergo a rearrangement in accordance with the requirements of the body. In the initial period of the disease this re-arrangement is of a compensatory nature and passes ahead of the clinical manifestations. A comparison of the pictutrs obtained by biomicroscopy of the bulbconjunctiva of the eye and of other mucosae with film preparations of the serosae demonstrates their complete similarity. Therefore, the method of biomicroscopy of the eyeball and of the mucosae as a method reflecting the state of microcirculation in the body as a whole should become an integral part of the clinical examination of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Morphologic changes in the lymph microcirculation of serous membranes in rheumatism and systemic lupus erythematosus].

Microcirculation consists of two elements--hemomicrocirculation and lymphomicrocirculation, the both being closely interrelated with each other. Lymphomicrocirculation was studied on the serous membranes taken from dead people who had died of rheumatism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The microcirculatory bed in the serous membranes was identified by V. V. Kupriyanov's method. The results of the studies showed that in serous membranes in rheumatism there occurred gradual emptying of lymphomicrocirculation and at the same time--compensatory-adaptive and regeneratory processes, the latter being manifested in formation of blind projections of capillaries, in broadening of the lumen. In SLE the lymphatic link actively participated in elimination of metabolism products and underwent a continuous rearrangement with formation of closed and communicant cysterns. Moreover, there was noted a new formation of lymphatic capillaries, which should be considered as a compensatory-adaptive process. Hemo- and lymphomicrocirculation elements are intimately connected due to close contacts between capillaries of the two elements of microcirculation, however, without formation of connecting fistulas. Hemo- and lymphomicrocirculation is an integrate, and under conditions of pathology there developed therein compensatory-adaptive and regenerative processes aimed at the maintenance of tissue metabolic and hemodynamic homeostasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[The morphology of the microcirculatory system of the visceral pleura in chronic non-specific lung diseases].

In chronic nonspecific diseases of the lungs lesions of the microcirculatory system of the visceral pleura are of generalized character. The most marked changes were observed in postcapillary and venular links of the microhemocirculation. A pronounced hypertrophy of the venular department and rearrangement of the postcapillary network were noted. The microcirculatory lymphatic system was found to be considerably developed. Along with the functioning lymphatic network there were seen emptying sclerosing lymphatic vessels. The changes in vascular terminals revealed were directly dependent upon the duration of the disease, character of expansion of the process in the lungs, degree of cardiopulmonary incompetence. Moreover, disorders of rheological properties of the blood and permeability of vessels were observed, these disorders being particularly pronounced in exacerbation of chronic pneumonia and cor pulmonale insufficiency of II-III degree. It may be assumed that changes in the microcirculation system in chronic nonspecific lung diseases may represent both an important link in the compensatory mechanisms at early stages of the disease and also a cause of deep irreversible metabolic disturbances in persisting and progressing process in the lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Certain clinico-morphological aspects of microcirculation in partients with chronic nonspecific pneumonia and chronic cor pulmonale].

Clinical and morphological studies conducted in chronic non-specific pneumonias and chronic cor pulmonale have demonstrated that these lesions are accompanied by important disorders in the system of microcirculation that manifest themselves in alterations in the rheologic properites of the blood, and in a generalized deterioration of the vascular terminals in the lungs and pleura that are due to the chronic inflammatory process, hypoxia, haemodynamic disorders, and that result in a diffuse intravascular thrombosis. The disturbances in free blood circulation in the microcirculatory system entail significant metabolic shifts that determine the severity of the disease, its progressive course, and lethal result. The increasing intravascular blood clotting in the postcapillary and venular portions of the microcirculatory system, along with a partial reduction of the capillary link, results in an exclusion of a certain portion of the peripheral vascular bed from the circulation process, thus favouring the progress of pulmonary hypertension. Distinct impairment of the coagulation properties of the blood in the microcirculation system in cases of chronic nonspecific pneumonias, stage II-III, and in chronic cor pulmonale require a timely correction thereof, and support the suggestion of the authors as to the inclusion of anticoagulants into the complex of the rapeutic measures for this category of patients.

Adult↗