Biomedical subjects

A Ikari

Publications and source records attributed to A Ikari.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

The role of socioeconomic factors in the survival of patients with gastrointestinal cancers.

The relations between type of occupation, marital status and residential area and survival from gastrointestinal cancers were examined among 4485 cases of stomach cancer and 2618 cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed between 1983 and 1988 and recorded in the Aichi Cancer Registry. In univariate analyses, the cumulative five-year survival rates of both cancers were highest among professionals and managers and lowest among service workers, in males. They were highest among professionals, managers and clerical workers and lowest among housewives, in females. For both men and women, single people had a lower survival rate than married, and patients living in a metropolis had a higher survival rate than those living in other areas. Multivariate analyses, based on Cox's proportional hazards model, revealed occupation to have a statistically significant effect on prognosis for both sexes, although the effect of extent of disease was definitive. The analyses also confirmed the unfavorable effect of a single marital status and the favorable effect of residing in a metropolis, in women. The results suggest that socioeconomic factors may have a role to play in the survival of patients with gastrointestinal cancers.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Surveillance of tuberculosis epidemics in Aichi Prefecture].

A survey was done on the conditions of the tuberculosis surveillance system used for extraordinary examination in high tuberculosis prevalence areas in Aichi Prefecture during the period from 1981 to 1989. The results were as follows: 1) A total of 25 health centers provided information to 456 cases in specific groups known as "danger groups" and 227 cases within a furniture company. Information was most frequently provided when the index cases had been diagnosed bacillary positive. 2) Extraordinary examinations were performed on 222 cases for nine years, one case a year per each health center. The frequency of extraordinary examination was never high. A total of five epidemic cases (2.3%) and 30 microepidemic cases (13.5%) were discovered. 3) Coordination among health centers to make examinations was required in 81 cases (36.5%). 4) In index cases in which extraordinary examinations were performed, 43 preventable cases (19.4%) were found. It is therefore important to thoroughly enforce family-contact examinations. In order to complete extraordinary examinations, the importance of not only the systematic collection of information and the action of examination about specific groups but also the establishment of a surveillance system for extraordinary examinations is vital.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

An epidemiological study on occupation and cancer risk.

The relation between occupation and cancer risk was examined on the basis of 17,164 male and 6,835 female cancer patients aged 30 years or over who were entered in the Aichi Cancer Registry during the period, 1979-1987. Controlling for age, the risk of developing lung cancer was significantly high in sales, transport-and-communications, mental, ceramics and construction workers in men, and service workers in women. The risk of developing liver cancer was significantly high in transport-and-communications and service workers in men. The risk of developing colon cancer was significantly high in professional people of both sexes and in clerical workers in men. The risk of developing female breast cancer was significantly high in professional women, administrative and clerical workers and hairdressers. The risk of developing stomach cancer was significantly high in male and female agricultural workers, while that of developing cancer of the mouth-and-pharynx was significantly high in construction workers in men and filature-and-spinning workers in women. Analysis of smoking and alcohol drinking habits, by occupation, suggested the increased risk of developing lung cancer to be associated with a greater percentage of smokers and the increased risks of developing cancers of the liver and mouth-and-pharynx to be associated with a greater percentage of daily alcohol drinkers. When the analysis was limited to smokers, the risk of developing lung cancer was still significantly high in metal, ceramics and construction workers in men.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1990

A case-control study of male colorectal cancer in Aichi Prefecture, Japan: with special reference to occupational activity level, drinking habits and family history.

The relationships of occupational activity level, drinking habits and family history of cancer to the risk of male colorectal cancer by subsites were investigated in a case-control study involving 1,716 cases with colon cancer, 1,611 cases with rectal cancer and 16,600 controls with other sites of cancer identified from the Aichi Cancer Registry, Japan 1979-1987. An occupation with a low activity level was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer; the age-adjusted relative risk (RR) compared to the high activity level group was 1.92 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38-2.67) for proximal colon cancer, 1.52 (95% CI: 1.19-1.94) for distal colon cancer and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.17-1.62) for rectal cancer. Beer drinkers showed an increased risk of colorectal cancer; the age-adjusted RR was 1.49 (95% CI: 1.13-1.95) for proximal colon cancer, 1.65 (95% CI: 1.34-2.04) for distal colon cancer and 1.88 (95% CI: 1.62-2.18) for rectal cancer. The RR for family history of colorectal cancer was 3.40 (95% CI: 2.19-5.29) for proximal colon cancer, 2.54 (95% CI: 1.73-3.75) for distal colon cancer and 1.78 (95% CI: 1.28-2.49) for rectal cancer. Multivariate analysis controlled for age, residence, marital status and smoking in addition to occupational activity level, beer drinking and family history of colorectal cancer did not materially change the RRs. When these three variables were combined, the RR was 15.72 (95% CI: 5.40-45.78) for proximal colon cancer, 10.55 (95% CI: 4.24-26.27) for distal colon cancer and 6.69 (95% CI: 3.12-14.36) for rectal cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Estimation of trends in cancer incidence in a population-based cancer registry].

To evaluate trends in cancer incidence adjusted for completeness of registration in a population-based cancer registry, we analyzed the data of incidence and mortality in the Aichi Cancer Registry from 1979 to 1986 and recalculated age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) at the lowest completeness of registration through the study period by excluding reported cases from the registration randomly. The results were as follows: 1) The AAIRs for male stomach cancer and rectal cancer in both sexes, which did not decrease or rather increased using the original incidence figures, showed a clear decrease after adjustment. 2) The AAIRs for female stomach and uterine cancers, which also showed decreases in the original incidence, showed more marked decreases. 3) The marked increases observed for the AAIRs for colon and breast cancers in the original incidence were attenuated by about 50%. 4) The AAIRs for liver and lung cancers were also affected somewhat by the adjustment for completeness of registration. 5) Trends in the AAIRs after adjusting for completeness of registration were virtually the same as those for age-adjusted mortality rates.

Female↗

PubMed1990

Lung cancer prognostic factors from the Aichi Cancer Registry.

Lung cancer prognostic factors have been evaluated on the basis of three-year survival rates for 2,830 lung cancer patients diagnosed between 1983 and 1986 and reported to the Aichi Cancer Registry. In the univariate analyses, the former in each pair of following factors showed a significantly better prognosis than the latter: early vs. late stage of disease, surgically-treated vs. non-surgically-treated cases, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma vs. large cell and small cell carcinoma, cases detected by screening vs. others, young vs. old patients, females vs. males, non-smokers vs. smokers. The association of prognosis with these factors, other than smoking and histological type, remained statistically significant throughout multivariate analysis. When analyzed according to histological type, disease stage was the most important prognostic factor, across all histological types, and surgery was the second most important prognostic factor, except in cases of small cell carcinoma. Sex and method of detection were significantly associated with survival rates in adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma, and the association with smoking was of borderline significance for adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Practical use of surveillance system information to tuberculosis control].

In Japan as a low prevalence country in tuberculosis, national computerized tuberculosis surveillance system in Japan has started since in 1987. The volume of information has much increased in comparison with previous annual reports, and its practical use to tuberculosis control programme is more expected. In this symposium, I presented two analyses, utilizing the information obtained from the surveillance system in Aichi Prefectural Government. 1) Surveillance of chemoprophylaxis 805 children were registered for chemoprophylaxis for seven years from 1980. This comprised of 19.0 percent of the average annual bacillary pulmonary cases. In this study, we chose 553 cases of them who were detected in contact examinations and/or in medical institutions. Their information was sought at health centers. The treatment periods were insufficient in 10 percent, and the infectious sources were detected in 80 percent. 50 percent of them satisfied the criteria for chemoprophylaxis. The effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis was confirmed, though 4 cases developed tuberculosis later. 2) Surveillance of microepidemics 632 so called "danger group" patients of, infants, school students, teachers and medical staffs, were registered during six years from 1981. 71 contact surveys had been made. Survey was made more frequently when the index case was bacillary positive. 3 microepidemics were found in this 6 years. Coordination among health centers were needed in one third of them to make examinations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lifestyle determinants for social activity levels among the Japanese elderly.

We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey to a total of 5239 elderly persons in four areas in Japan in 1993, which inquired about past lifestyles and present social activities. Based on the survey data, we first developed social activity measures, and then examined associations of the present total social activity measure with past lifestyles and physical conditions. The lifestyles significantly associated with high social activity after 65 years of age were 'high educational attainment'; having been 'healthy', 'plump', 'physically active' and 'having had hobbies' at about 50 years of age; and having 'frequent intake of many kinds of foods' during 30-50 years of age. Intake during 30-50 years of age of Japanese-style foods (rice, soybean paste soup, bean curd, pickles), noodles, beans, plant roots and potatoes was not significantly linked with the social activity levels at old age in either males or females. The same was true for smoking and drinking habits at about 50 years of age. Our findings essentially suggest the importance of a positive attitude at middle age to maintain and promote health status and improve lifestyles in order to attain high social activity at old age.

Journal Article↗