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A Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to A Inoue.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Developmental regulation of islet-1 mRNA expression during neuronal differentiation in embryonic zebrafish.

Islet-1 (Isl-1) is a LIM domain/homeodomain-type transcription regulator that has been originally identified as an insulin gene enhancer binding protein. Isl-1 is also expressed by subsets of neurons in the central nervous system of rat and chick embryos. We have cloned the Isl-1 cDNA from zebrafish and examined its expression pattern using in situ hybridization to whole-mount embryos. Isl-1 mRNA first appears immediately after gastrulation in the polster, the cranial ganglia, and in Rohon-Beard neurons and ventromedial cells of the spinal cord. The expression by the ventromedial cells is segmentally repeated and becomes restricted to the one or two cells slightly anterior to the segment borders. Double staining by in situ hybridization and an antibody which stains most axons suggested that these segmentally distributed cells may be either the rostral primary motoneuron (RoP) or middle primary motoneuron (MiP). This raises a possibility that Isl-1 may be involved during determination of subtype identities of the primary motoneurons. Furthermore, the specific Isl-1 mRNA expression in the spinal cord is under the control of the somites, since mutant embryo with defective somite failed to maintain this pattern.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Phase II study of intravesical chemoprophylaxis of epirubicin after transurethral resection of bladder tumors. Tottori University Oncology Group.

We performed intravesical instillation of epirubicin in 53 patients with the aim of preventing recurrence of bladder tumors. The patients had undergone transurethral resection of superficial bladder tumors (only transitional-cell carcinoma) within the preceding week, between January of 1990 and July of 1991. Recurrence was found in 11.3% (6/53) of cases during follow-up periods lasting from 1 to 20 months. Side effects occurred in 5.7% (3/53) of the patients. The cumulative nonrecurrence rate was 96.0% for a follow-up period of 6 months and 78.4% for 12 months. The results of this study suggest that intravesical instillation of epirubicin is very useful as adjuvant therapy after transurethral resection of superficial bladder tumors.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of factors affecting uptake of Tc-99m Sn-N-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan by hepatocellular carcinoma.

We performed Tc-99m PMT imaging in 176 patients with HCC and evaluated factors affecting 99mTc-PMT uptake by HCC with a logistic model. The probability of HCC showing increase in uptake of the radioisotope was 104.6 times higher in patients with the Ed I type than in those with the Ed III type and 12.1 times higher in patients with a tumor diameter of 5.0-7.9 cm than in those with a tumor diameter of 2.0-5.0 cm. Among the other variables, the serum AFP level and sex were suggested to have effects similar to those of the tumor size on Tc-99m PMT uptake by HCC. The grade of morphological differentiation of the tumor was therefore most markedly related to Tc-99m PMT uptake.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Differential effects of divalent cations on specific 3H-GR 65630 binding to 5-HT3 receptors in rat cortical membranes.

We have examined the ability of divalent cations to inhibit 3H-GR 65630 binding to 5-HT3 receptor recognition sites in rat brain cortical membranes. Among the divalent metal cations tested, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ inhibited the specific 3H-GR 65630 binding activity to 5-HT3 receptors at a concentration of 0.1-1 mM. The other divalent metal cations tested (i.e. Co2+, Ni2+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+) produced no inhibition of the specific 3H-GR 65630 binding. Cd2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ did not change the Bmax value of the binding activity, but significantly increased the Kd value. It was suggested that these cations inhibited the binding activity by reducing affinity of the 5-HT3 receptor for the antagonist, resulting in apparent inhibition of the binding activity. As to the binding association rate, Cd2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ were found to have an inhibitory effect. The binding dissociation rate, however, was shown to be decreased by Cu2+ but not by Cd2+ and Zn2+. Furthermore, the Zn(2+)-induced inhibition of 3H-GR 65630 binding was suggested to be antagonized by both concanavalin A and wheatgerm agglutinin. The Cu(2+)-induced inhibition, however, was not influenced by these lectins, indicating that Cu2+ has a different lectin sensitivity for its inhibitory effect. The different mechanism of action between Cu2+ and Zn2+ was suggested in their inhibitory effect on the specific 3H-GR 65630 binding activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of the most frequently encountered Staphylococcus sp. in cats.

Ninety three staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens from cats were characterized and identified. Because the biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus felis were very similar to those of Staphylococcus simulans, results were submitted to numerical analysis and DNA homology. Forty-two isolates (45%) were identified as S. felis, and 4 isolates (4%) as S. simulans. The other species identified, in order of their frequency were, 12 Staphylococcus aureus (13%), 9 Staphylococcus intermedius (10), 6 Staphylococcus sciuri (6), 6 Staphylococcus epidermidis (6), 2 Staphylococcus haemolyticus (2), 2 Staphylococcus xylosus (2), 1 Staphylococcus capitis (1), 1 Staphylococcus equorum (1), 1 Staphylococcus gallinarum (1) and 1 Staphylococcus lentus (1).

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of antibody responses to predominant linear epitopes of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus.

Using synthetic peptides, we have defined the major linear antibody epitopes of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), i.e., A1A (VP1(12-25)), A1Ba (VP1(146-160)), A1Cb (VP1(262-276)), A2A (VP2(2-16)), A2B (VP2(165-179)), and A3A (VP3(24-37)). A time course study with either pooled or individual sera indicates that susceptible SJL mice intracerebrally infected with TMEV strongly and selectively recognize the A1Cb epitope of VP1, compared with resistant BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice, which broadly recognize most of the epitopes on the different capsid proteins. However, antibodies from SJL mice subcutaneously immunized with TMEV recognize primarily A1Ba, A1Cb, and A2A epitopes. A similar predominant recognition of the A1Cb epitope was found with antibodies from the cerebrospinal fluid of intracerebrally virus-infected SJL mice. Interestingly, a substantial level of antibodies against the A1Cb epitope in virus-infected SJL mice is of the immunoglobulin G2a subclass, in contrast to an undetectable level of this immunoglobulin G subclass in virus-immunized SJL mice. The level of in vitro viral neutralization by antibodies did not correlate with the clinical signs. Antibodies to A1Cb, A2A, and A2B were able to neutralize viral plaque formation in vitro, while antibodies to A3A, A1A, and A1Ba were not.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Mapping of organic solvent tolerance gene ostA in Escherichia coli K-12.

The extent of organic solvent tolerance was variable among strains of Escherichia coli K-12. Genetic analyses of n-hexane-tolerant strains indicated that a number of genes were involved in the solvent-tolerance phenotype. One such gene, designated ostA, was mapped at 1.2 min, close to pdxA. Transduction of ostA from a n-hexane-sensitive strain to a n-hexane-tolerant strain generated n-hexane-sensitive transductants. The sensitive transductant restored n-hexane-tolerance by transduction of ostA from a tolerant strain. Thus, the gene ostA is one of the genes that contributes to deciding the level of organic solvent tolerance in E. coli.

Conjugation, Genetic↗
PubMed1994

Variations in the thoracic duct of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).

Variations in the thoracic duct of Japanese monkeys were compared with previous reports on the human (Japanese) thoracic duct. The most striking difference between man and the Japanese monkey was that in the majority of the monkeys examined the right thoracic duct ascended without crossing to the left side whereas in man the upper portion of the right duct crosses over to the left. Although most thoracic ducts in man, other primates and domestic animals reportedly enter the left venous angle, about half of the ducts of Japanese monkeys enter the right venous angle. A ring configuration in the thoracic duct was found in 24.4% of Japanese monkeys. This was less frequent than human Japanese. Three out of 41 monkeys had an intercalated lymph node, situated between the 10th and 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae; this has only occasionally been reported in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A study on subpopulation of helper T cells in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy].

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is thought to be an inflammatory autoimmune disease against peripheral myelin. Recently several animal models have suggested that preferential activation of Th1 cell response is central to the pathogenesis of this disease. We studied the function of CD4 positive T cell subsets, Th1 cells and Th2 cells by analyzing their representative secreting cytokines. Th1 cells secrete Interferon gamma (IFH gamma) and Th2 cells secrete Interleukin 4 (IL4). Using enzyme linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, a very sensitive single cell analysis system, we enumerated IFN gamma and IL4 secreting peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with CIDP. Also we examined these cytokines in supernatants of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes by a very sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Immunodot assay and westernblot assay. In culture supernatants of CIDP patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes, the levels of both IFN gamma and IL4 were higher during the exacerbation stage than the remission stage. In the remission period, though the levels of IFN gamma and IL4 were low in the supernatants, the ELISPOT assay revealed that the number of IL4 secreting cells was elevated compared with that of IFN gamma secreting cells. Our results suggest that the switch from Th1 to Th2 might play an important role in inducing the remission stage in patients with CIDP.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Characterization of infiltrating mononuclear cells in the spinal cords of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)].

Mononuclear cells (MNCs) infiltrating in spinal cords (SCs) of Lewis rats with EAE were isolated in order to permit flow cytometric (FCM) analysis of these cell populations, using monoclonal antibody to T cell, CD4, CD8. MHC class II antigen (Ia), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and lymphocyte function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). The number of MNCs isolated from SC varied from 5 to 620 x 10(4). They were increased and reached a peak on day 2 post clinical onset, and subsequently declined through the clinical course. The increase of infiltrating cells in SC paralleled the severity of the disease development. The surface phenotypes of MNCs from rats on the day of clinical onset were determined by flow cytometry. The phenotypes found in these rats were as follows: T cells (70.3%); CD4 + (58.3%); CD8 + (40.3%); Ia (51.9%); ICAM-1 (62.6%); LFA-1 (75.8%). These findings suggest that high proportion of ICMA-1 and LFA-1 expression may be important in antigen presentation in the inflammatory lesions of SC and in promoting lymphocyte extravasation across the blood-brain barrier during the disease. The approach we employed offered more sophisticated and quantitative analysis of CNS inflammatory cells, which is unobtainable by tissue section staining.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Oxygen scavengers in simple bone cysts.

Simple bone cyst is a fluid-filled, cystic lesion that occurs in the metaphysis of the long bones of children and adolescents. The chemical characteristics of the cyst fluid of the simple bone cyst are similar to those of serum. The existence of the cyst fluid itself may be an obstacle to cyst healing, and, in part, this may be because the cyst fluid contains bone destructive factors. Oxygen-free radicals, which are cytotoxic and cause connective tissue damage, are known to be generated under ischemic conditions. Blockage to the drainage of interstitial fluid within the metaphysis has been suggested as the possible primary cause of simple bone cyst, thus causing an ischemic state in which free radicals are generated. The precise measurement of free radical levels is difficult to obtain because of their extremely short half-lives. High levels of oxygen-free radicals induce high levels of oxygen scavengers locally to protect cells from the harmful effects of the free radicals. Therefore, the activity of the oxygen scavengers, superoxide dismutase and catalase, was measured in the cyst fluid of 9 cases of simple bone cyst as an indicator of high oxygen-free radical content in the cyst. Serum from the patients with simple bone cyst and joint fluid from patients with osteoarthritis were used for comparison with the intracystic levels of oxygen scavengers. Superoxide dismutase activity was directly measured at room temperature using an electron spin resonance spin-trapping technique with 5,5'-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide as a trapping agent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Inflammatory mechanisms in nervous system].

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is a neuroautoimmune inflammatory disease, involving sensitization to central nervous system myelin basic protein (MBP). Our studies of the coagulation system and ensuing fibrinolysis implicate coagulation and cleavage of fibrin within or on the luminal surface of the cerebrovasculature, as events initiating the inflammation characterizing EAE. Among recipient rats injected with MBP-primed, cultured-activated lymph node cells, "opening" the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deposition of perivascular fibrin within the spinal cord occur in parallel one day before onset of clinical signs of EAE. The critical event precipitating EAE is a binding of circulating MBP-reactive immune effector cells to MBP immunodeterminants on the surface of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Coagulation and ensuring fibrinolysis occur at sites of binding of effector cells to cerebrovascular endothelium. Release of biologically active peptides, cleaved from fibrin, "open" the BBB. Once BBB is opened, even transiently, the stage is set for a complex cascade of immunologically-nonspecific inflammatory events, which plays an important role in the development of tissue damage, including demyelination.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Identification of (24E)-3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholest-24-enoic acid and (24R,25S)-3 alpha,7 alpha,24-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid as intermediates in the conversion of 3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid in rat liver homogenates.

Studies of chemical structure of the intermediates in the biosynthetic sequence between 3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid (DHCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid have been undertaken. Radiolabeled DHCA was incubated with a rat liver preparation. The reaction products were converted to the p-bromophenacyl esters, and analyzed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Under the conditions used, the radioactivity was found in (24E)-3 alpha,7 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholest-24-enoic acid (31%) and (24R,25S)-3 alpha,7 alpha,24-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid (7%) along with the starting material (62%). Neither the 24Z isomer of the alpha,beta-unsaturated bile acid nor the other three isomers of the beta-hydroxy bile acid were detected. The findings support the proposed pathway for the side chain cleavage in chenodeoxycholic acid biosynthesis, which is thought to be identical to that of cholic acid biosynthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[A pathogenic study of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in a patient with hepatitis B infection].

We immunologically examined the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in a patient with HB hepatitis. A 41-year-old male clerk has been suffered from muscle weakness, tingling and numbness in the distal portion of all limbs. All symptoms were compatible with the typical patterns of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. We examined the patient's serum and biopsied sural nerve, using histochemical and immunological techniques. We detected the band that reacted with anti-HBs antibody in the sural nerve in western blotting. The result indicated that HBs antigen was expressed on the peripheral nerves in the patient. There were no anti-peripheral nerve antibodies neither in the sural nerve or serum. There was no increase of immune complex in the serum. No deposition of immunoglobulins and complements were detected in the sural nerve. Immunoadsorption therapy had no effect on this patient, but administration of prednisolone improved his symptoms drastically. These findings suggest that a cytotoxic T cell may had played a more important role than humoral factors in this patient's nerve injury. Though the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy remains unclear, our findings seem to be very interesting in that they go some way toward clarifying the pathogenesis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Neonatal brain tumor, a report of three cases].

Neonatal brain tumor is rare, but is so important a disease when considering the pathogenesis of the brain tumor that numerous review articles have been described. Today, the availability of noninvasive imaging procedures such as CT and MRI make it easy to diagnose, and some successful operative cases have been reported. We report three cases of neonatal brain tumors presented clinically within the first 2 weeks. Case 1: A full term boy admitted with projectile vomiting, enlarged head and left peripheral type facial palsy at the age of 12 days. CT scan revealed a large heterogeneous mixed-density mass in the left cerebellar hemisphere. Partially removed surgical specimen consisted of primitive glial cells differentiating with the ependymal cell immunohistochemically and electron microscopically, and diagnosed as ependymoblastoma. He had whole brain irradiation postoperatively, but died from respiratory distress 7 months later without tumor regrowth indicated on CT. Case 2: A full term boy admitted with progressive enlarging of the head at the age of 10 days. CT scan revealed a high-density mass in the cerebellar vermis and an obstructive hydrocephalus. Partially removed surgical specimen, diagnosed as medulloblastoma. He was irradiated throughout the whole brain and spinal cord, but died from intracranial dissemination 5 months later. Case 3: A 32-year-old female multipara was diagnosed as hydramnion during 28 weeks gestation. The concentration of AFP was very high in the amniotic fluid. A premature female fetus, weighing 1,650 g, was delivered by cesarean section for premature separation of the placenta during an estimated 30 weeks gestation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Demonstration of selective protein complexes of p53 with 73 kDa heat shock cognate protein, but not with 72 kDa heat shock protein in human tumor cells.

It has been demonstrated that p53, especially, mutant p53 (mp53), makes protein complexes with major heat shock proteins hsp72/hsc73. However, there is no direct evidence showing whether hsp72 or hsc73 could bind preferentially to p53. In the present study, using TYKnu human ovarial carcinoma cells and monoclonal antibodies reacting specifically to hsp72/hsc73, we were able to find the selective protein complex formation with p53, presumably mp53, and hsc73, but not in the case of p53 and hsp72. The p53-hsc73 protein complexes dissociate with the addition of ATP, indicating that the dissociation is dependent upon the ATP-hydrolysis. These data suggest that hsc73 rather than hsp72 plays an important role in the yet undefined mechanism of disregulated cell growth control by mp53.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗