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Biomedical subjects

A Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to A Inoue.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Heterogeneity of protein kinase NII. Multiple subunit-polypeptides.

Protein kinase NII has a alpha alpha' beta 2 subunit structure, and consists of a chromatographically heterogeneous population. By two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, each subunit was resolved into multiple polypeptides with various pI values: alpha subunit, 4 spots; alpha' subunit, 10 spots; and beta subunit, 4 spots. NII underwent autophosphorylation on beta subunits. Fractions of alpha and alpha' polypeptides also occurred as phosphoforms as shown by alkaline phosphatase treatment. In addition, alpha' subunit had another motif for heterogeneity, which separated alpha' polypeptides into two groups, and was exemplified by NIIa and NIIb that showed different enzyme kinetics and the nuclear localization. We interpret these to account for the basis of the functional as well as molecular heterogeneities of protein kinase NII.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Malignant lymphomas of the thyroid gland. Analysis of 79 patients with emphasis on histologic prognostic factors.

Prognostic factors in 79 patients with malignant lymphomas involving the thyroid gland were analyzed. These patients suffered from progressively enlarging goiter with over 6 months duration in 60% of patients. The age at operation ranged from 16 to 80 years (median, 58 years). Male to female ratio was 1:1.8. Serum tests for antithyroid antibodies were positive in 83% of the patients, who also showed histologic evidence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Histologically, 52 cases (66%) were germinal center cell tumors with follicular or follicular and diffuse pattern in 9 cases. By the Working Formulation, 5-year survival rate of immunoblastic type (IBL) (13%) was much poorer than those of intermediate (79%) and low grade cases (92%) (P less than 0.001). The cases of IBL usually had a goiter of short duration, and frequently presented as advanced disease.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

Plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland.

Primary plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland is a rare disease, and clinicopathologic features of this disease are not fully understood. Six cases of primary plasmacytoma of the thyroid, in which immunoperoxidase procedures confirmed a monoclonal nature of proliferating plasma cells are presented. All patients had antithyroid antibodies in their serum together with histologic evidence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, suggesting an intimate relationship of these diseases. Review of the literature revealed that 18 cases, 14 cases from Western countries and 4 cases from Japan, described primary thyroid plasmacytoma. The authors summarized the clinicopathologic features in the current and previously reported cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma of the thyroid. An immunologic and immunohistologic study.

Four cases of thyroid lymphomas are presented showing curious histologic difficult to distinguish from severe lymphocytic thyroiditis by routine histologic study alone. The age of the patients ranged from 39 to 63 years. Three female patients suffered from autoimmune (lymphocytic) thyroiditis for 2 to 20 years until the present illness. A male patient had no history of thyroiditis. Rapid growth of struma in these patients suggested an evolution of malignant lymphomas. Histologic study results showed that small atypical lymphoid cells with slightly irregular and indented nuclear contour surrounded randomly distributed secondary follicles as a wide mantle. Immunohistologic staining showed that these atypical small lymphoid cells expressed surface properties intermediate between mantle-zone lymphocytes and germinal center cells with a restricted expression of kappa chain in three cases. Stages of tumors were stage I in three cases and stage II in one case. The findings demonstrated were intermediate lymphocytic lymphomas of the thyroid.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Hepatic microcirculation in Zucker fatty rats.

We have developed a microscopic analyzing system for studying in vivo hepatic microcirculation, and measured the sinusoidal erythrocyte flow velocity simultaneously in the various sinusoids. With this system and organ reflectance spectrophotometry, the pathophysiological role of microcirculation and of energy metabolism in Zucker fatty rats were studied. The results were as follows: The erythrocyte flow velocity in the predominant sinusoids in the fatty rats was similar to that of the control rats, but the intersinusoidal erythrocyte flow was undetected in the fatty liver. Index of regional hepatic blood volume, regional hepatic blood flow and oxygen saturation of Hb decreased significantly in the fatty rats. The estimated in vivo oxygen consumption was not changed in the fatty liver. From these data, it is concluded that in Zucker fatty rats a marked fatty infiltration causes a decreased hepatic tissue blood flow and volume, but relatively homogeneous erythrocyte flow with an increased extraction of oxygen compensated the decreased vascular beds and maintained normal energy metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Prognostic factors in giant cell tumor of bone. A modified histological grading system useful as a guide to prognosis.

An analysis of 26 patients with giant cell tumor of bone was carried out to determine the clinical and pathological factors affecting the prognosis of the tumor, with a follow-up program of more than 3 years. The physical characteristics of the pathological features were measured objectively using an image analyzer. A significant correlation between the therapeutic procedures and recurrence of the tumor was found, but no pathological variables were significantly correlated. Excision or resection en bloc should be performed for the initial treatment of the tumor. Local recurrence could not be predicted on the basis of histological grading. Stromal cell atypia was significantly correlated with metastasis, but multinucleated giant cells bore no correlation to either recurrence or metastasis. The use of a modified histological grading system based not on variations of the stroma and giant cells but only on the atypia of mononuclear stromal cells, either malignant or classical, is recommended for the clinical assessment of the tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Effects of phenylalanine loading on protein synthesis in the fetal heart and brain of rat: an experimental approach to maternal phenylketonuria.

Pregnant rats were loaded with L-phenylalanine, and the distributions of [14C]leucine and [14C]urea into fetal plasma and tissues were examined. Uptake of [14C]leucine into the supernatant and protein fractions of fetal plasma and tissues was low in the rats loaded with phenylalanine. In contrast, [14C]urea was distributed identically in both groups, indicating that maternal hyperphenylalaninemia did not affect blood flow across the placenta. Administration of phenylalanine and p-chlorophenylalanine produced amino acid imbalance in fetal tissues. Along with these changes, polysomes of the affected fetal heart and brain disaggregated without changes in the ribonuclease activity. These results indicate that high phenylalanine levels in maternal plasma disturb the active transport of amino acids across the placenta, causing an amino acid imbalance and disaggregation of polysomes in fetal heart and brain. These changes may contribute to the congenital heart disease and mental retardation of maternal phenylketonuria.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Anti-endothelial cell antibody and immune complexes in the sera of animals with acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury occurs in both acute and chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Sera from animals in which these forms of EAE had been induced were examined for anti-endothelial cell antibodies and immune complexes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using either cultured endothelial cells or Raji cells. IgG binding to endothelial cells was significantly increased in the sera of animals with acute EAE and chronic relapsing EAE, compared to controls. Increased levels of circulating immune complexes were also detected in the sera of some animals with chronic relapsing EAE, especially those in an exacerbation. It is suggested that the anti-endothelial cell antibody and immune complexes detected may play pathogenetic roles in the destruction of the BBB in EAE.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Generation of a new monoclonal antibody and its application for determination and purification of biologically active human gamma-interferon.

Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against recombinant human gamma-interferon (rHuIFN-gamma). They were specific for rHuIFN-gamma and recognized parts of the molecule other than both terminal regions. Among these MAbs, only KM48 has an ability to neutralize the antiviral activity of rHuIFN-gamma. Using KM48 in combination with polyclonal antibodies, we have developed a double-sandwich enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). This ELISA preferentially detects the biologically active form of rHuIFN-gamma, because after treatment with 1 N HCl or 0.2% SDS, or at 95 degrees C, the reactivity in the ELISA and the biological activity determined by cytopathic effect (CPE) assay decrease in parallel. In addition, the ELISA recognizes both natural and rHuIFN-gamma with almost the same sensitivity. Therefore, the ELISA is useful for detecting the biologically active conformation of rHuIFN-gamma, and possibly may be useful in both industrial production and clinical studies. rHuIFN-gamma molecules bind specifically to the immunoaffinity column using the MAb KM48 as ligands. After elution with 7 M Urea/1 M NaCl, the rHuIFN-gamma can be renatured in phosphate-buffered saline with high recovery. Thus, the column provides simple one-step purification of biologically active rHuIFN-gamma.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to ouabain injected into the hypothalamus in rats.

To investigate the effects of sodium-potassium activated adenosine triphosphatase inhibition on central cardiovascular regulation a microinjection of ouabain was given into the hypothalamus of urethane anaesthetised rats. Doses of 0.01-1.0 micrograms per rat injected into the posterior hypothalamus produced a rise in blood pressure within 1 min, the maximum rise occurring 15-20 min later in a dose dependent manner. Both heart rate and abdominal sympathetic nerve activity increased with the rise in blood pressure. Ouabain injected into either the anterior preoptic hypothalamus or the ventromedial hypothalamus produced no notable cardiovascular responses. These results suggest that an endogenous digitalis like substance produced in the hypothalamus as a result of sodium loading may participate in central cardiovascular regulation by increasing sympathetic outflow in the discrete area of the brain, as does ouabain.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1986

Calcitonin-induced phosphorylation of rat liver cytosolic proteins.

Calcitonin (CT) stimulated phosphorylation of two liver cytosolic proteins whose molecular weights are 67,000 and 93,000. Stimulation of 67,000-Mr protein phosphorylation began shortly after subcutaneous injection of CT, reaching a maximum at 5 min and decreasing to below the control level at 30 min. The reaction was independent of cyclic AMP or Ca2+, and was not influenced by a calmodulin antagonist, W7. Stimulation of 93,000-Mr protein phosphorylation became evident by 30 min. This reaction was also stimulated by administration of vasopressin or epinephrine, which is known to cause increased phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase having the same molecular weight. The phosphorylation of 93,000-Mr protein, stimulated by CT, was dependent on Ca2+ but not on cyclic AMP, and appeared to be inhibited by W7. In addition, CT did not influence the phosphorylation of 61,000-Mr protein, a major protein phosphorylated in a cyclic AMP-dependent manner. These results suggest that CT may exert its effect on liver cells through protein phosphorylation, most probably in a cyclic AMP-independent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Presence of a unique set of nuclear proteins at the sites sensitive to RNase A as well as DNase I.

A unique and simple set of proteins (S1 proteins) has been detected in the cell nuclei of various tissues of the rat (Inoue et al. (1983) Eur. J. Biochem. 135, 61-68). They were liberated from the nuclei by digestion with DNA-hydrolyzing enzymes under the conditions where transcriptionally active chromatin is preferentially digested and released into the reaction supernatant. S1 proteins account for 20% of the total supernatant proteins (Higashi et al. (1984) Biochem. Int. 9, 697-704). The present study demonstrates that S1 proteins occur at the sites sensitive to RNase A as well as DNase I, and are rapidly liberated from the nuclei by digestion with either enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Plasmacytoma and follicular lymphoma in a case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Monoclonal gammopathy (IgG, lambda) in a 37-year-old man with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, was markedly decreased after thyroidectomy. Histological examination of the thyroid showed large lymphoid follicles surrounded by a massive proliferation of plasma cells. Immunological studies revealed that interfollicular plasma cells stained monotypically for lambda chain, findings in keeping with a diagnosis of plasmacytoma of the thyroid. In addition, there was kappa monotypic staining of the lymphoid follicles and absence of tangible body macrophages, indicating the presence of a follicular lymphoma derived from a separate cell line from the plasmacytoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hypotension and hypothalamic depression produced by intracerebroventricular injections of GABA in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

To determine the central effects of 4-Amino-n-butyric acid (GABA), pressor and sympathetic nerve responses to electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus were recorded following the intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of GABA. In normotensive Wistar rats, anesthetized with urethane, ICV injections of GABA (50-200 micrograms) reduced sympathetic nerve activity, arterial blood pressure, and heart rate in a dose-dependent manner. Graded electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus (50, 100, 150 microA) increased not only mean blood pressure but also the rate of sympathetic nerve firing, and both responses were attenuated by GABA pretreatment (100, 200 micrograms, ICV). In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), ICV-injected GABA also reduced sympathetic and cardiovascular activity, but the magnitude of depressor responses was significantly larger in SHR than in normotensive Wister Kyoto controls (WKY). Pressor and sympathetic nerve responses elicited by ventromedial hypothalamic stimulation were initially larger in SHR than in WKY, but upon subsequent ICV injection of GABA, hypothalamic responsiveness in SHR was inhibited more prominently and became comparable to that in WKY. These results suggest that by depressing hypothalamic function, centrally injected GABA decreases sympathetic nerve activity to thereby lower blood pressure and heart rate, and in SHR, ICV-injected GABA reversed hypothalamo-sympathetic hyperactivity and thus attenuated hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hypotensive responses to centrally administered taurine in DOCA-salt hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The present study was designed to investigate the short-term effects of intracerebroventricularly-administered taurine in DOCA-salt hypertensive (DOCA), spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and their respective normotensive control rats anesthetized with urethane. Blood pressure, heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity were consistently decreased following the injection of taurine 150 micrograms per rat in hypertensive rats as well as in normotensive controls of the two groups. Percent changes from the baselines in blood pressure, heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity were significantly larger in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats than those in sham operated rats. In contrast, percent changes in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity were not significantly different between spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive wistar kyoto rats. These result show that the responses of blood pressure, heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity to intracerebroventricular taurine are different between spontaneously hypertensive rats and DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. It appears that augmented vasodepressor responses to taurine in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, as compared to spontaneously hypertensive rats, are due to enhanced inhibition of the sympathetic outflow.

Animals↗