Biomedical subjects

A Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to A Inoue.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

MRI monitoring of tarsal navicular stress fracture healing--a case report.

Stress fractures of the tarsal navicular bone are rare injury and assessing its healing is difficult. Tenderness over the tarsal navicular on physical examination is the most reliable sign for assessing fracture healing. However, it is desirable to assess fracture healing with some imaging method. We used serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess healing in a patient with a tarsal navicular stress fracture. MRI was useful for the assessment of fracture healing of tarsal navicular stress fracture in our case.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

A new reduction technique for a patellar fracture.

We report 4 cases of patellar fracture with skin injury over the patella which were treated operatively immediately after onset with a new reduction technique using Ilizarov pins. This technique made it possible to perform early operative treatment even in the cases with skin injury over the patella which prevents conventional surgical approach.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Modified Chiari osteotomy for arthrosis after Perthes' disease. 14 hips followed for 2-12 years.

Between 1983 and 1995, a modified Chiari pelvic osteotomy was performed for coxarthrosis after Perthes' disease in 13 patients (14 hips). The median age at operation was 33 (16-56) years. The median duration of follow-up was 6 (2-12) years. The center-edge angle, Sharp's angle, acetabulum head index and acetabular edge angle improved substantially. The median hip score substantially improved from 76 (46-90) points to 91 (71-100) points at the most recent follow-up examination. We recommend this procedure for patients who have early arthrosis, acetabular dysplasia, pain and good range of motion.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed1998

Biomechanical effect and clinical application of the hip joint moment reduction brace.

A new brace, the hip joint moment reduction brace, has been designed and constructed. The basic construct of the brace incorporates only the thigh, and it minimally restricts one's activities of daily living. The concept of the brace is to reduce the frontal plane moment of the applied force against which the abductor muscle must contract to balance, and this reduction of the frontal plane moment results in reduction of the abductor muscle force. The brace uses the mechanism of the ischial weightbearing and lessens the abductor moment by transmitting load from the ischium through the condyle of the femur. In gait testing, the maximum ischial load taken up by the brace was 36.9% of the ground reaction force in the late stance phase, and the integrated electromyogram of the abductor muscle was reduced by 32.6% during the whole stance phase using this brace. These findings confirmed a reduction in the frontal plane moment of the hip joint and the potential for reduction in the load on the hip joint. The hip joint moment reduction brace is recommended as effective conservative management of hip disorders, such as coxarthrosis, that are caused or worsened by biomechanical insufficiency.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[A study of soluble form of selectin family in the sera of patients with neuroimmunological disorders].

Members of the selectin family mediate the first step of leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in inflammatory lesions. Soluble(s) L-selectin, sE-selectin and sP-selectin were examined by monoclonal antibody-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on serum samples taken from patients with neuroimmunological disorders, namely, 35 cases of multiple sclerosis (MS), 18 of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), 7 of Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS), 8 of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and 25 of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 associated myelopathy (HAM). The levels of sL-selectin in active phase of MS (2.20 +/- 0.6 mg/ml: p < 0.05) were increased rather than in inactive phase (0.6 +/- 0.25 mg/ml) and control (1.47 +/- 0.24 mg/ml), the levels of sE-selectin in HAM (37.6 +/- 25.7 ng/ml: p < 0.05) were increased, and the levels of sP-selectin were increased in active phase of MS (179.5 +/- 103.8 ng/ml), GBS (151.2 +/- 81.6 ng/ml), CIDP (198.6 +/- 81.9 ng/ml), and HAM (115.3 +/- 73.5 ng/ml). Moreover, the levels of all soluble selectin family are more increased in active phase of MS (sL-selectin 2.20 +/- 0.6 mg/ml: p < 0.05, sE-selectin 44.2 +/- 32.8 ng/ml: p < 0.05, sP-selectin 179.5 +/- 103.8 ng/ml: p < 0.05) than in inactive phase of MS(sL-selectin 0.6 +/- 0.25 mg/ml, sE-selectin 9.8 +/- 2.6 ng/ml, sP-selectin 63.7 +/- 26.6 ng/ml). In conclusion, we have here first demonstrated that levels of all soluble selectin family were increased in the bloods of patients with MS in active phase. In GBS only the levels of sP-selectin were increased. Thus, these findings suggest that soluble selectin family may reflect the disease activity of multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Anesthesia for fourteen cases of auto-renal transplantation].

We experienced anesthetic management of 14 cases of auto-renal transplantation. The causative diseases are stenosis (n = 7) and aneurysm of the renal artery (n = 5) as well as renal cancer (n = 2). The mean time intervals for operation, anesthesia, and clamping of the renal artery were 10 h 54 min, 12 h 42 min and 4 h 14 min, respectively. In the patients whose serum creatinine values were above 1 mg.dl-1 within the 3rd postoperative day, time intervals for operation and anesthesia were significantly longer than in the patients whose serum creatinine values remained below 1 mg.dl-1. The water balance in the former patients was significantly positive in comparison with the latter patients. The auto-renal transplantation is a highly invasive surgery so that proper fluid management and sufficient urination seem to be especially important for the perioperative management of patients of this category.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

A Case of Occult Breast Cancer With Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy.

We encountered a very rarc case of occult breast cancer associated with paraneoplastic sensory polyneuropathy. A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of numbness in all extremities, ataxia of left extremities and a tumor in the left axilla. From the neurological findings, a malignant tumor was suspected. The immunohistochemical analysis of the axillar swollen lymph node revealed metastasis from breast cancer and confirmed the primary lesion. On a preoperative diagnosis of suspected occult breast cancer, left mastectomy and resection of left axillar lymph nodes were performed. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of sural nerves and Western blot analysis of the serum of this patient showed the loss of axons and the presence of antineural antibody in the seurm. Immunological response was considered to be the remote effector system between the breast cancer and sensory polyneuropathy in this disorder.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1997

Extensive genetic heterogeneity in the neuroblastoma cell line NB(TU)1.

A neuroblastoma cell line displaying genetically unique features was established from a stage III case of a 20-month-old girl. Southern blotting by the probe pTNB6, which contains exon 1 of the N-myc gene, showed that the primary tumor had in total 4 aberrant bands beside the normal amplified band. The established cell line NB(TU)1 had an aberrant N-myc band (9.0 kb) in addition to the normal band (2.9 kb). Cytogenetic analysis revealed that NB(TU)1 has a composite karyotype composed of at least 7 related karyotypes, which are pseudo-diploid and contain complex chromosomal abnormalities, including translocations, deletions and homogeneously staining regions (HSRs). Such extensive abnormalities were considered to be prominent among known neuroblastoma cell lines, and it was suggested that NB(TU)1 had acquired a certain type of genetic instability. Analysis of N-myc bands in 11 clones of NB(TU)1 showed that the intensity ratio of the normal-sized band (2.9 kb) and the aberrant one (9.0 kb) markedly varied among clones. Moreover, 3 clones showed an additional band with the size of 3.7 kb, which was detectable neither in the parent NB(TU)1 nor in the primary tumor. Thus, NB(TU)1 was shown to be composed of heterogeneous cell components. To further detect such ongoing chromosomal instability, we examined micronuclei formation. NB(TU)1 yielded a larger number of micronuclei than 5 other neuroblastoma cell lines. We conclude that NB(TU)1 has acquired genetic instability detectable by both Southern blotting and cytogenetic analysis.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗

PubMed1997

Suppression of TNF-alpha secretion by azelastine in a rat mast (RBL-2H3) cell line: evidence for differential regulation of TNF-alpha release, transcription, and degranulation.

The mast cell plays a pivotal role in initiating allergic inflammation by secreting several cytokines including TNF-alpha, in addition to granule mediators such as histamine. Anti-allergic drugs including azelastine prevent immediate-type hypersensitivity by inhibiting mast cell degranulation, as well as blocking histamine H1 receptors. However, their effects on cytokine release from mast cells remain unknown. In a rat mast RBL-2H3 cell line, azelastine inhibited Ag- and ionomycin-induced TNF-alpha release with IC50 values of 25.7 +/- 3.4 microM and 1.66 +/- 0.45 microM, respectively. These effects were observed at lower concentrations than needed for the inhibition of degranulation. In Ag-stimulated cells, azelastine also inhibited TNF-alpha mRNA expression, TNF-alpha protein synthesis and release, and, possibly related to these effects, Ca2+ influx. In ionomycin-stimulated cells, however, azelastine inhibited TNF-alpha release to a greater extent than mRNA expression/protein synthesis and Ca2+ influx, suggesting that azelastine inhibits the release process more potently than transcription or production of TNF-alpha by interfering with a signal other than Ca2+. Azelastine added 1 h after ionomycin stimulation also immediately blocked subsequent release of TNF-alpha, which had been produced in the cells, without affecting Ca2+ influx. Pretreatment with 1 microM azelastine inhibited ionomycin-induced, but not Ag-induced, protein kinase C translocation to the membranes. These results suggest that the release process of TNF-alpha in mast cells is regulated by a mechanism distinct from that of degranulation, and that in Ca2+-ionophore-stimulated cells, it is also different from that of transcription/production, and possibly involves protein kinase C activation.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Expression and mutational analysis of the DCC, DPC4, and MADR2/JV18-1 genes in neuroblastoma.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 18q21 is found frequently in various human cancers. Three candidate tumor suppressor genes, DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinomas), DPC4 (deleted in pancreatic carcinomas, locus 4), and MADR2/JV18-1 (MAD-related gene 2), have been cloned and identified from this chromosome region. We have reported recently that LOH on chromosome 18q is observed frequently in neuroblastoma. Alterations of DCC are involved in many human tumors. DPC4 and MADR2/JV18-1 are recently demonstrated to be altered in pancreatic and colorectal cancers, respectively. To confirm if inactivation of the DCC, DPC4, and MADR2/JV18-1 genes is involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma and to clarify the mechanism of inactivation, we analyzed the expression of DCC, DPC4, and MADR2/JV18-1 in neuroblastoma cell lines and primary tumors by reverse transcription-PCR and investigated the mutations in the coding regions of these genes by PCR/reverse transcription-PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism. We found that 12 of 25 (48%) cell lines and 14 of 32 (44%) primary tumors, including 3 with 18q LOH, had absent or reduced expression of DCC mRNA. Expression was more likely to be reduced in advanced (67%) than in early stage neuroblastomas (24%) (P = 0.036), suggesting that inactivation of the DCC gene plays an important role in the progression of neuroblastoma. Altered expression of DPC4 was found in six (24%) cell lines and six (19%) tumors. MADR2/JV18-1 expression was reduced or absent only in four (16%) cell lines and three (9%) tumors. Mutations of the DCC genes were examined in 25 of 29 exons in neuroblastoma cell lines, and those exons in which mutations were found were further examined in primary tumors. We found missense mutations of AAC (Asn) to AGC (Ser) at DCC codon 176 in one cell line and ACC (Thr) to ATC (Ile) at codon 1105 in one cell line and tumor, respectively; polymorphisms of CGA (Arg) to GGA (Gly) at codon 201 and TTT (Phe) to TTG (Leu) at codon 951 in most of the cell lines and tumors; and a silent mutation of GAG (Glu) to GAA (Glu) at codon 118 in four cell lines and five primary tumors. We did not identify any mutations in the DPC4 and MADR2/JV18-1 genes in neuroblastoma. Our results suggested that mutations of the DCC gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastomas but failed to account for the relatively high frequency of the altered expression, implying that other mechanisms are responsible for the inactivation of the DCC gene in neuroblastoma. Low frequency of reduced or absent mRNA expression and lack of mutations in DPC4 and MADR2/JV18-1 genes suggested a limited role for these two genes in neuroblastoma.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗

PubMed1997

Microbial flora in the deepest sea mud of the Mariana Trench.

In an attempt to characterize the microbial flora on the deepest sea floor, we isolated thousands of microbes from a mud sample collected from the Mariana Trench. The microbial flora found at a depth of 10897 m was composed of actinomycetes, fungi, non-extremophilic bacteria, and various extremophilic bacteria such as alkaliphiles, thermophiles, and psychrophiles. Phylogenetic analysis of Mariana isolates based on 16S rDNA sequences revealed that a wide range of taxa were represented.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1997

Cloning and characterization of APS, an adaptor molecule containing PH and SH2 domains that is tyrosine phosphorylated upon B-cell receptor stimulation.

Stimulation of B lymphocytes through their antigen receptor (BCR) results in rapid increases in tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of proteins, which leads to a cascade of biochemical changes that initiates B cell proliferation and differentiation or growth inhibition. A novel cDNA, designed APS, encoding an adaptor protein with a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, and a tyrosine phosphorylation site was cloned from a B cell cDNA library using a yeast two hybrid system. APS is structurally similar to SH2-B, an SH2 protein that potentially binds to the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) as well as Lnk which is postulated to be a signal transducer that links T-cell receptor to phospholipase Cgamma, Grb2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. APS expressed only in human Burkitt's lymphoma cells among cell lines we examined and tyrosine phosphorylated in response to BCR stimulation. APS bound to Shc irrespective of stimulation and bound to Grb2 after stimulation, suggesting that it plays a role in linkage from BCR to Shc/Grb2 pathway. These results indicate that APS, SH2-B and Lnk form a new adaptor family that links immune receptors to signaling pathways involved in tyrosine-phosphorylation.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗

PubMed1997

Lamina-specific connectivity in the brain: regulation by N-cadherin, neurotrophins, and glycoconjugates.

In the vertebrate brain, neurons grouped in parallel laminae receive distinct sets of synaptic inputs. In the avian optic tectum, arbors and synapses of most retinal axons are confined to 3 of 15 laminae. The adhesion molecule N-cadherin and cell surface glycoconjugates recognized by a plant lectin are selectively associated with these "retinorecipient" laminae. The lectin and a monoclonal antibody to N-cadherin perturbed laminar selectivity in distinct fashions. In contrast, neurotrophins increased the complexity of retinal arbors without affecting their laminar distribution. Thus, cell surface molecules and soluble trophic factors may collaborate to shape lamina-specific arbors in the brain, with the former predominantly affecting their position and the latter their size.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Aripiprazole, a novel antipsychotic drug, inhibits quinpirole-evoked GTPase activity but does not up-regulate dopamine D2 receptor following repeated treatment in the rat striatum.

Aripiprazole, a quinolinone derivative, is a new dopaminergic agent which has been recently developed and demonstrated to be clinically useful as an antipsychotic drug with reduced extrapyramidal motor side effects. Here, we found that aripiprazole competed [3H]spiperone binding with a 100-fold higher affinity than [3H]SCH23390 binding, and inhibited the quinpirole-induced facilitation of high-affinity GTPase activity in rat striatal membranes. The effects of chronic administration of aripiprazole and haloperidol on dopamine D2 receptor binding and mRNA level in rat striata were examined by a [3H]spiperone binding assay and a ribonuclease protection assay. Haloperidol induced a significant rise in Bmax of [3H]spiperone binding at 1 mg/kg and in the level of dopamine D2L receptor mRNA at 4 mg/kg. A high dose of aripiprazole (100 mg/kg) only tended to increase the Bmax of [3H]spiperone binding non-significantly, and had no effect on the level of dopamine D2L receptor mRNA. These results indicated that aripiprazole had an antagonistic activity to dopamine D2 receptors with a high affinity, but that the potency of aripiprazole to up-regulate dopamine D2 receptors in the striatum was much smaller than that of haloperidol. This small up-regulation may be related to the ability to aripiprazole to act without side effects including tardive dyskinesia.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Angiotensin II stimulates the proliferation of osteoblast-rich populations of cells from rat calvariae.

We examined the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on the proliferation of osteoblast-rich populations of cells obtained from calvariae of newborn rat. Addition of Ang II to the culture medium caused dose-dependent increases in the rate of DNA synthesis. Such increases were completely inhibited by the addition of DuP753, an antagonist of AT1 receptor. Ang II potentiated the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) in the culture. Ang II also stimulated the activities of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) upon binding to the AT1 receptor. These results suggest that Ang II might be intimately involved in the proliferation of the cells in calvariae through the AT1 receptor.

Angiotensin II↗

PubMed1997

Significance of granulation tissue in torn supraspinatus insertions: an immunohistochemical study with antibodies against interleukin-1 beta, cathepsin D, and matrix metalloprotease-1.

The pathophysiology of rotator cuff tears can be elucidated by examining the tendinous insertion of the supraspinatus muscle. As seen by light microscopy, the granulation tissue around the insertion of a torn supraspinatus tendon appears to induce osteochondral destruction by means of multinucleated giant cells and chemical mediators. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of certain chemical mediators to osteochondral destruction using immunohistochemical analysis of interleukin-beta, cathepsin D, and matrix metalloprotease-1. Sixteen supraspinatus insertions with portions of the greater tuberosity, including eight complete-thickness tears and eight incomplete-thickness tears, were obtained during surgery. Six fresh cadaveric supraspinatus tendons without grossly evident tears served as normal controls. Strong immunoreactivity was found in all 16 torn supraspinatus insertions but not in the six insertions of apparently intact tendons. Macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, which showed immunoreactivity for all three chemical mediators, were often found at the interface between the osteochondral margin of the enthesis and the granulation tissue, suggesting that they may be involved in osteochondral destruction. We therefore concluded that, in addition to repetitive subacromial impingement, this granulation tissue may contribute to the development of rotator cuff tears by weakening the insertion.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Expression of MAGE genes in osteosarcoma.

Expression of MAGE genes that encode tumor-rejection antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes with major histocompatibility complex class-I antigens was investigated in human osteosarcomas (20 cell lines and eight fresh tumor tissues). MAGE-1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 genes were expressed at the mRNA level in 11 (52.4%), 10 (47.6%), 10 (47.6%) one (4.8%), and 10 (47.6%) of 21 tumor cell lines, respectively, and in five (62.5%), six (75%), five (62.5%), one (12.5%), and five (62.5%) of eight fresh tumor tissues as determined by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. MAGE-1 or 4 protein was detected by immunoblot analysis in eight of 11 or one of one tumor cell lines, respectively, where it was expressed at the mRNA level. Major histocompatibility complex class-I antigens were expressed in 19 of 21 tumor cell lines. These results suggest that MAGE tumor-rejection antigens are expressed in substantial numbers of osteosarcomas in a major histocompatibility class-I-restricted manner.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMed1997

Functional evaluation of hip abductor muscles with use of magnetic resonance imaging.

The hip abductor muscles are considered important for gait and biomechanics of the hip joint; however, their specific function has not been defined precisely. The intensity of magnetic resonance imaging signals in skeletal muscle has been reported to increase immediately after exercise. Making use of this phenomenon, we evaluated the hip abductor muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed after isometric exercise of the hip abductor in three positions (20 degrees of abduction, neutral, and 20 degrees of adduction). The abduction force of the hip was measured with a dynamometer, and electromyographic measurements were made simultaneously for the same hip positions. Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging was performed after one-legged stance. As the hip was more adducted, the signal intensity increased on the scans. The values for muscle force, as evaluated with the dynamometer and integrated electromyography, also supported the results. The increase in signal intensity of the gluteus minimus at 20 degrees of abduction and after one-legged stance was significantly greater than that of the gluteus medius (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The results of this study indicate that the gluteus minimus muscle, along with the gluteus medius, plays an important role in hip abduction, gait, and stabilization of the pelvis.

Adult↗