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Biomedical subjects

A Ismail

Publications and source records attributed to A Ismail.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Cellular (juvenile) fibroadenoma of the breast. A clinico-pathologic and immunohistochemical study of 7 cases].

A review of 82 fibroadenomas, collected over a period of 18 years, from female patients aged below 20 years, revealed 7 cases of cellular (juvenile) variant. The tumors are solitary, with an average diameter of 4 cm, these are characterized by a rich cellular stroma and a prominent glandular epithelium. Cellular fibroadenomas often pose to the pathologist serious problems of differential diagnosis, especially with phyllodes tumors. The patient's age together with the histological criteria that we have underlined should make the diagnosis more obvious. As the cellular fibroadenoma is seen essentially during adolescence, surgeons have tendency to preserve the maximum amount of breast tissue. The 2 cases in which we have observed recurrences were seen after incomplete resection of the primary tumor. Therefore, we are of the opinion that a security zone of mammary parenchyma is mandatory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis along the Nile River north of Khartoum (Sudan) in the aftermath of an epidemic in 1985.

Based on a pilot clinical study of the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) among school children in villages on both banks of the Nile River north of Khartoum, Sudan in the aftermath of a 1985 epidemic, we studied a random sample (303 individuals) from one of these villages to determine the prevalence of infection and exposure to CL. Four percent of the population had active CL lesions, 47% had healed lesions, and another 43% reacted positively to sensitization with leishmanin in the absence of past or active CL lesions. Ninety-one percent of the total population reacted positively to leishmanin. The present status of CL in the area and possible reasons for the emergence of the epidemic are discussed, and gaps in our knowledge about the epidemic are identified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Rupture of the uterus in labor: a review of 150 cases.

We analyzed 150 cases of uterine rupture in late pregnancy that occurred over an 8-year period at the State Maternity Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. The incidence of uterine rupture was 1 in 966 deliveries, and 114 uterine ruptures occurred in previously scarred uteri. Rupture of the unscarred uterus is a more catastrophic event. There is a marked difference in fetal and maternal outcome between the group with a previously scarred uterus and the group without a previous scar. Common etiological factors for uterine rupture were grandmultiparity, cephalopelvic disproportion, fetal malpresentation, and oxytocin stimulation of labor. The fetal wastage was high, a perinatal mortality of 32.2% being recorded, but 98% of mothers were saved. Hysterectomy was commonly performed in this group. Repair of the uterus should only be performed when the rupture is simple, is in the lower segment and has no sign of infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Oral health status and treatment needs of an insured elderly population.

The purpose of this study was to describe the oral health status and treatment needs of an elderly group of religious sisters whose dental care expenses had been covered for most of their adult life. While the residents displayed high levels of treated dental disease on examination, evidence of a need for further treatment was considered to be a reflection of their decreasing ability to manage their personal home care and the reduction in professional services available to them. The results of this study reinforce the notion that the continuous provision of preventive and educational strategies coupled with accessible treatment services are essential, especially in an aging population.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Antibacterial and antiviral activity of camel milk protective proteins.

Lysozyme (LZ), lactoferrin (LF), lactoperoxidase (LP), immunoglobulin G and secretory immunoglobulin A were extracted from camel milk. The activity of these protective proteins was assayed against Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and rotavirus. Comparative activities of egg white LZ, bovine LZ and bovine LF are also presented. The antibacterial activity spectrum of camel milk LZ was similar to that of egg white LZ, and differed from bovine milk LZ. Bovine and camel milk LF antibacterial activity spectra were similar. The camel milk LP was bacteriostatic against the Gram-positive strains and was bactericidal against Gram-negative cultures. The immunoglobulins had little effect against the bacteria but high titres of antibodies against rotavirus were found in camel milk. The LP system was ineffective against rotavirus.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Demonstration of an antigenic protein specific for Salmonella typhi.

Current studies were undertaken to determine the presence of a specific antigenic protein on the outer membrane of Salmonella typhi. Immunoblot analysis using sera from patients with fevers revealed that the 50 kD band was specifically recognized only by typhoid sera. The 50 kD band located on the outer membrane is protein by nature and is not a Vi (capsular), dH (flagellar), or O9 (somatic) antigen of S. typhi. These results indicate the usefulness of the specific antigen in the development of a serodiagnostic test for typhoid fever since antibodies of both the IgM and IgG class responses were obtained.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1991

Protection against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury by nitecapone.

1. The mechanism of gastric mucosal protection by an anticular agent, nitecapone, against injury was investigated in rats with and without indomethacin pretreatment. 2. Animals received intragastrically either a dose of nitecapone or vehicle alone, followed by ethanol given at various intervals up to 5 hr, and their gastric mucosa subjected to histologic and physicochemical assessment. 3. Ethanol caused extensive gastric hemorrhagic lesions which were essentially prevented by nitecapone at doses of 30 mg and higher per kg body weight. The maximal protection was achieved by 1.5 hr which persisted up to 4 hr and was not thwarted by indomethacin. 4. Physicochemical measurements revealed that nitecapone evoked 78% increase in mucus gel dimension, and showed 21% increase in phospholipids, and the content of sulfo-(22%) and sialomucins (72%). This was accompanied by 1.6-fold increase in mucus viscosity, 31% increase in H+ retardation capacity and 2.2-fold increase in hydrophobicity. 5. The results suggest that the gastroprotective action of nitecapone occurs through the enhancement of the physicochemical characteristics of mucus layer.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

GM1 ganglioside protection against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury.

The gastroprotective properties of GM1-ganglioside, an indigenous component of epithelial cell membrane, was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of rats with and without indomethacin pretreatment. The animals received intragastrically either a dose of GM1 as emulsion in 5% gum arabic or vehicle alone, followed by ethanol given at various time intervals up to 3 h after the GM1. The animals were sacrificed 30 min after the ethanol dose and their gastric mucosa subjected to macroscopic and histologic assessment, and physicochemical measurements. In the absence of GM1, ethanol caused extensive gastric hemorrhagic lesions which were significantly reduced by pretreatment with GM1 at dose as low as 70 micrograms/100 g body weight. Removal of sialic acid from GM1 led to the loss of gastroprotection. Furthermore, the effect of GM1 was not thwarted by indomethacin. The maximal protection was achieved 1 h following GM1 dose and this protective effect persisted at least 2.5 hr. The results of physicochemical measurements revealed that GM1 was capable of preventing the detrimental effect of indomethacin on the adherent mucus gel dimension, and on its content of sulfo- and sialomucins, protein, and phospholipids. The effects brought by GM1 were also accompanied by a significant (40-60%) increase in mucus gel viscosity, hydrogen ion retardation capacity (35-46%) and hydrophobicity (70-94%). The results indicate that the gastroprotective action of GM1 occurs through the enhancement of the physicochemical characteristics of the mucus layer, and does not appear to be mediated by endogenous prostaglandins.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Dot enzyme immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever.

A nitrocellulose membrane strip dotted with a specific 50 kDa outer membrane protein of Salmonella typhi was applied for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever. Using horseradish peroxidase conjugated IgM and IgG antibodies with 4-chloronaphthol as substrate, antibodies in typhoid patients were clearly visualised as bluish purple dots while sera from patients with non-typhoid fevers gave negative results. The detection of specific IgM and IgG antibodies in typhoid patients suggest either recent or current infection. Combined with the high specificity, reliability and rapidity of the test, the dot EIA technique provides a simple and useful method for the serodiagnosis of typhoid using a single serum specimen.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1991

Placement and replacement of restorations in a military population.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for placement and replacement of restorations provided to military personnel by all 34 dentists stationed in the four Atlantic provinces of Canada. All dentists who participated in this study are salaried. Over a period of 30 working days, each dentist recorded information on all restorations performed. Data were collected on dentists' year of graduation, patient age, treatment requirements, tooth number, restoration class, materials used and reasons for placement and replacement. All dentists used the same data collection form which was pilot tested. Information was collected on 2,280 restorations from 643 adults, 18 to 57 years of age. Of all restorations, 54.3% were placements and 45.7% were replacements. No difference in placement and replacement rates between amalgam and composites was reported. The major reason for placement was primary caries (90%). The major reasons for replacements were recurrent caries (40.0%), primary caries of interproximal surfaces (18.9%), and fractured restorations (12.3%). Of the 297 MOD restorations, 74.3% were replacements and of the 1,140 Class I + III + V restorations, 27.8% were replacements. This study showed that about half of the restorative work carried out were replacements. Caries is the primary reason for placement and replacement of restorations in adults.

Canada↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the GO Slide, a growth transport system for the laboratory diagnosis of gonorrhoea.

A growth transport system, the GO Slide (Roche Diagnostica), for the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical specimens was evaluated. This system was compared with culture on chocolate agar (CA) and modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar, and Gram-stained smear for the diagnosis of gonorrhoea. Of 94 urethral specimens from symptomatic males, 77.7% were positive on MTM, 80.9% were positive on CA and Gram stain, and 81.9% were positive on GO Slide. Of the 77 isolates, 26.0% were penicillinase producers, 12.3% belonged to WI serogroup and 87.7% belonged to WII/III serogroup. The ease of transportation and the easy examination of growth on agar surfaces make the GO Slide an attractive system. It would be particularly useful for general practitioners without culture facilities to transport specimens to the laboratory for the isolation of N. gonorrhoeae.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1989

The young pregnant teenager--why the poor outcome?

Studies have repeatedly emphasised the poor obstetric outcome in teenage pregnancies. This study examined 444 teenagers of 16 years and under and demonstrated little difference in the outcome between 14 years and under group and 15 to 16 year old. The poor pregnancy outcome, however, was predominantly related to the adequacy of antenatal care. The discussion emphasises the point that teenage pregnancy is not primarily a medical problem and much effort is required to create an awareness so that prenatal care is both accessible and acceptable to the pregnant teenager.

Adolescent↗