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Biomedical subjects

A Iu Mushkin

Publications and source records attributed to A Iu Mushkin.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The specific features of surgical spinal stabilization in children with tuberculous spondylitis complicated by severe kyphosis].

Procedures for anterior spine fusion and posterior instrumental spinal fixation have been developed for the surgical treatment of childhood tuberculous spondylitis complicated by severe kyphotic deformity. The optimum method of the instrumental fixation is the use of multisupport constructions with the heterodirectional action of corrective efforts (in 15 children). Anterior osteoplastic stabilization of the vertebral column, by applying brace cortical grafts with saddle-shaped hollows on the tips of its ventral projection, was applied in 6 children. A significant and steady-state correction of kyphosis was achieved in all the cases; there were no complications of anterior spine fusion and posterior instrumental fixation.

Child↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical classification of extrapulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors propose a clinical classification of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which is based on the standard reporting signs. They give the definitions of classification criteria established in any locations of tuberculous infection: etiology (tuberculosis, BCG infection, tuberculoallergic lesions), the extent and activity of a process with regard to clinical and morphological stages; bacterial isolation with consideration of the drug resistance of Mycobacteria; the nature of complications and sequels, etc. The characterization of local lesion includes the determination of organ-dependent clinical forms of tuberculosis; the type and form of complication; residual and sequels.

Guidelines as Topic↗
PubMed2004

[Osteoarticular tuberculosis in children: data extrapolation of a specialized clinic to the situation in the Russian Federation].

Analyzing the activities of the Surgery Department for Osteoarticular Tuberculosis (OAT), Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, in children in 1990-2002 suggests that there is no system for comprehensive registration of OAT and in most cases its treatment is performed without taking into account the current surgical requirements. New organizational, methodological, therapeutic approaches recommended to ascertain the true OAT situation in children and to improve the results of its diagnosis and treatment, are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[BCG osteitis in children (algorithms of diagnosis and treatment)].

In 156 children with osseous complications due BCG vaccination, the clinical features of disease, radiation and laboratory changes were studied. An algorithm of diagnosis of BCG ostitis and a system of organizational measures whose implementation make it possible to objective the statistical registration of BGC ostitis in Russia are proposed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

[Surgical elimination of instability in congenital spinal deformations in children].

Variants of congenital mechanical and dynamic instability of the spine in children are described. Experiences with the treatment of malformations of the spine resulting in mechanical (30 cases) and dynamic (139 cases) instability are analyzed. In most cases different titanium implants were used for dorsal fixation (150 operations). The specific feature of most interventions was their being performed in the period of active growth of the children (more that 60% were from 6 months to 5 years of age). It was found that the instrumental and osteoplasty stabilization failed to substantially influence the development of the spine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Instrumental correction of severe kyphosis in tuberculous spondylitis in young children (new technology)].

A new mode has been proposed to correct deformities in tuberculous spondylitis complicated by more than 50 degrees kyphotic deformity. The mode involves extended repair of the vertebral column, supplemented by the use of Luque-modified posterior multisupport hooked contractors. The mode ensures correction deformity to 47 degrees. The procedures of a surgical intervention are described.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

[Correction of kyphosis in tuberculous spondylitis in children].

Various modifications of radical reparative surgery were made in 145 children with tuberculous spondylitis were comparatively analyzed. Greatest correction of kyphosis was achieved by combining anterior spinal repair with posterior plunged contractors, in additional resection of the apical vertebral arch in particular. There is a direct correlation between the degree of compression of the dural sac and the severity of neurological disorders. Anterior decompression of the spinal cord is an obligatory surgical component in tuberculous spondylitis, eliminates central stenosis of the spinal canal; however, it is insufficient to eliminate neurological disorders caused by myelic ischemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Stepwise motor rehabilitation of children with neurologic complications of tuberculous spondylitis].

The proposed protocol for postoperative motor rehabilitation of children with tuberculous spondylitis complicated by severe neurological disorders is based on the procedures developed by the authors to induce spinal locomotor activity. The developed algorithm of motor rehabilitation of spinal patients involves separate restoration of gait components (rhythmic stereotypic walking (spinal locomotion), maintenance of a standing posture and voluntary control over the movements ensuring gait. The stages of motor rehabilitation were defined by taking into account these factors and a child's neurological status. The use of the algorithm in the treatment of 11 children with tuberculosis and 13 children with other spinal diseases resulted in the restoration of normal compensatory gait or in its formation in the vast majority of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Radiologic diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis and borderline skeletal diseases].

A total of 3305 ill children and adults treated for skeletal diseases and lesions underwent primary and follow-up radiation studies. Patients with spinal diseases amounted to 72%, of them 58% were found to have neurological diseases, 28% had articular diseases. The examination of patients involved X-ray tomography, contrast myelotomography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical and laboratory verifications of the diagnosis were made in 53% of adults and 78.5% of children. It is shown that there are difficulties in diagnosing and differentiating osteoarticular tuberculosis at present and X-ray tomography and contrast myelography are essential in diagnosing spinal diseases. Indications for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, osteoscintigraphy and the sequence of their use in the diagnosis of diseases were defined. The paper emphasizes that an osteoarticulogist's assessment of complex data of radiation diagnosis is very important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Tuberculous osteitis in infants].

Clinical and diagnostic aspects, surgical outcomes, bacteriological findings were investigated for 72 infants under 3 years old operated for tuberculous ostitis. Tuberculin and seroimmunodiagnosis revealed infection allergy in 1/3 of the cases. The treatment comprises radical surgical reconstruction, drug and functional therapy. Tuberculous ostitis may arise due to vaccinal strain of M. tuberculosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Early radical corrective surgery in congenital deformities of the lateral and posterolateral portion of the vertebrae].

The article deals with the techniques of operation for semivertebra extirpation together with one-stage correction of the deformity with a contractor and anterior and posterior fixation of the spine. The operation was performed on 28 children as a result of which the spinal deformity was corrected, on the average, by 75% of the initial deformity in patients with scoliosis and by 50-66% in those with kyphoscoliosis. In 9 patients the initial deformity was corrected by more than 90%. Stable correction of the deformity was achieved in 84% of patients. The poor results (3 cases) were due to the use of a short compressing rod and erroneous choice of the material for spondylodesis. The operation is rekommended in progressing spinal deformities in young children under 3 years of age.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electrostimulation of the spinal cord as a method of inducing locomotor activity in children (clinical aspects and technical problems)].

Coordination locomotor movements of the lower extremities are induced in children paralyzed due to spinal diseases and injuries. This is achieved by electrostimulation of the intumescentia lumbalis by individually selecting stimulating parameters. The prospects of wide introduction of the procedure into a package of motor rehabilitative treatment are associated with the design of automatic systems for selection and correction of these parameters.

Adolescent↗