PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A J Chapman

Publications and source records attributed to A J Chapman.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The effects of growth hormone therapy in children with radiation-induced growth hormone deficiency.

The effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy were studied in 6 children, previously treated for brain tumours which did not directly involve the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and who had received cranial irradiation between 2.1 and 10 years earlier. All 6 were short with a standing height standard deviation score (SDS) from -1.7 to -3.3. Impaired growth hormone responses to an insulin tolerance test (ITT) were observed in all 6 and to a Bovril stimulation test in 5 children. The remainder of pituitary function was essentially normal. All 6 were prepubertal and 5 had a retarded bone age. During the pre-treatment year the 6 children's growth rates varied fom 2.0 to 5.1 cm. Subsequently all received human GH in a dose of 5 units 3 times weekly for 1 year. The growth rate in each was at least 2 cm greater during the treatment year than the pre-treatment year. Growth during the treatment year ranged from 6.0 to 10.1 cm. In 5 of the 6 the improvement in growth rate could be totally ascribed to the GH therapy. In the sixth there was significant pubertal maturation during the treatment year and only in this subject did the bone age advance at a significantly greater rate than the chronological age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A practical approach to the investigation of the hyperprolactinaemic patient.

Pituitary function was assessed in 39 patients with previously untreated hyperprolactinaemia. Primary hypothyroidism, drug-induced hyperprolactinaemia and chronic renal failure were excluded in all patients. All of the 22 patients (group 1), who had either a normal pituitary fossa or a minor radiological change on lateral skull X-ray, had completely normal pituitary function with the exception of 2 who were partially growth hormone-deficient. However, 9 of the 17 patients with macroadenomas (group 2) had a deficit of one or more anterior pituitary hormones. After the lateral skull X-ray 13 patients in group 1 had further neuroradiological investigations. In only one was a minor abnormality noted which had not been observed on the plain film and this was not of practical significance. In centres where hyperprolactinaemic patients with a normal pituitary fossa or a minor radiological change on lateral skull X-ray are treated with bromocriptine, further neuroradiological investigations and dynamic tests of pituitary function are not required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

EEG correlates of eye contact and interpersonal distance.

The EEG of 18 male subjects was monitored while the subject gazed at the eyes of a male experimenter located 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 ft from the subject. The experimenter either gazed directly at the subject or averted his eyes. EEG arousal was highest when the experimenter was at 2 ft and gazing into the subject's eyes. EEG arousal diminished as a function of distance, while arousal for direct gaze was always higher than for averted gaze, whatever the distance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Humorous laughter in children.

This experiment examines the notion that the sharing of humor enhances overt expressive responses (laughter and smiling) and humor ratings. Independent groups of seven- to eight-year-old children listened on headphones to amusing material. They were tested alone or in dyads or triads with confederates of the same sex. In triads, duration of laughter and smiling was inversely related to the amount that confederates looked at one another; this was the case whether confederates were thought to be listening to the same or different recordings. Laughter and smiling scores support the notion that sharing the social situation is crucial in the facilitation of "humorous laughter." A theory of socially facilitated laughter is proposed which draws upon social-facilitation drive theory and the tension-reduction aspects of humor theory.

Child↗