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A J Coudert

Publications and source records attributed to A J Coudert.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[General anesthesia and long term psychotropic treatments].

Anesthesists often ask for withdrawal of psychotropic treatment a few days before surgery. Usually they do not differentiate among the various classes of psychotropic drugs. Some drugs, including MAO inhibitors and reserpine-like agents, can induce or precipitate accidents; however, this does not occur with other types of antidepressants, neuroleptics and minor tranquilizers. The authors review the psychiatric risks related to such withdrawals; these risks are to be considered. They report that in 8,210 ECT under general anesthesia (among which 5,688 were done without psychotropic withdrawal) there was no occurrence of severe accidents.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1975

[Electroshocks, antidepressive agents, and anesthesia].

During 12 years, we have effected 6,982 electroshocks with anesthesia and celocurine (N.D.) on 713 patients, i.e. 7.25% of the total hospitalized patients. 62% of them (440) were all this time under antidepressant drugs and 38% (273) were not. We observed 16 minor incidents ten (2.27%) among those under treatment and six (2.19%) among the others; of these 16 incidents, 11 led to an interruption of the treatment for safety. The association of antidepressant drugs with electroshock under anesthesia and celocurine (N.D.) does not present any real danger.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cognitive behavior therapy versus supportive therapy in social phobia: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in social phobia has been demonstrated in several controlled trials and meta-analyses, but no comparison of CBT with supportive therapy (ST) can be found in the literature. METHOD: The aim of the trial was to study the effectiveness of CBT versus ST carried out 'as usual'. Sixty-seven DSM-4 social phobic patients (89% generalized subtype, most with avoidant personality) were randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 (CBT) received 8 1-hour sessions of individual cognitive therapy (CT) for 6 weeks, followed by 6 2-hour sessions of social skills training (SST) in group weekly. Group 2 received ST for 12 weeks (6 half-hour sessions), then the patients were switched to CBT. All patients agreed not to take any medication during the whole trial. In group 1, 29 patients reached week 6, 27 reached week 12, and 24 weeks 36 and 60 (endpoint). In group 2, 29 patients reached week 6, 28 reached weeks 12 and 18, 26 week 24, and 23 reached weeks 48 and 72 (endpoint). RESULTS: At week 6, after CT, group 1 was better than group 2 on the main social phobia measure. At week 12, after SST, group 1 was better than group 2 on most of the measures and demonstrated a significantly higher rate of responders. This finding was replicated after switching group 2 to CBT. Sustained improvement was observed in both groups at follow-up. Compliance with abstinence from medication increased over time. CONCLUSIONS: CBT was more effective than ST and demonstrated long-lasting effects. This may suggest that social phobia management requires more than a simple and inexpensive psychological intervention.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anxiety disorders in children: incidence, comorbidity and risk factors].

According to epidemiological studies, prevalence of children's anxiety disorders is about 10%. Among children who suffer from anxiety disorders, a majority also presents one or more anxiety or mood disorders. The children's sex and age are likely to influence anxiety disorders. As well as the children's personality: studies about 'temperament' indeed pointed up this notion. Low socio-economic level of family could be a risk-factor, the importance of which varies according to anxiety disorders subtypes. Current and/or history of parental anxiety disorders, presenting or not with mood disorders, increase the risk for their children to suffer from anxiety disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of inhibition in academic failure].

Disorders of failing academically children represent an important part of child psychiatrists' occupation. Various reasons are responsible for these disorders. But the role of inhibition seems to be major. Authors study cases of 66 children, as outpatients, who failed academically. Incidence of inhibition is about 26.9%. Authors analyse demographic data, personal and familial history of these children, age of beginning of disorders and their symptomatic aspects, and last, clinical categories in which some of these disorders can be classified. Thus early detection of inhibition disorders occurs as an absolute necessity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clozapine and refractory schizophrenia. Long-term prospective study of 20 patients].

Clozapine, a dibenzodiazepine derivative, has potent antipsychotic activity. But bone marrow suppression resulting in agranulocytosis has been associated with clozapine treatment; thus its clinical development has been delayed and the administration of this drug has been restricted to treatment-resistant schizophrenic patient. This report describes an open prospective study of the effects of clozapine on symptomatology of patients who are refractory to neuroleptics. Authors prospectively followed up until 36 months, 20 DSM III-R schizophrenic patients who had failed to respond to various neuroleptics (7.7 +/- 3.0). When clozapine treatment was initiated, the mean duration of the illness was 17 +/- 10 years. Various scales were used for evaluation: total BPRS, BPRS "positive symptoms", BPRS "negative symptoms", PANSS positive and PANSS negative were realized at days 0 and 15, months 1, 2 and 3 and then every 3 months. Significative improvements in total BPRS, BPRS positive symptoms and PANSS positive were noted at day 15 (p < 0.005, p < 0.026, p < 0.02, respectively); clozapine produced significant improvement on the BPRS negative symptoms and the PANSS negative at 1 month (p < 0.03 and p < 0.008, respectively). Side effects were studied: dry mouth was more prominent in the first month after wash-out (15%), while salivation was more and more prevalent (20% within the first month; 53% beyond). There was no agranulocytosis in this cohort; 2 cases (10%) of eosinophilia occurred during the first month; 20% of the patients experienced an increase in total white blood cell count (> 12.000/mm3). Weight gain (> 5 kg) affected 32% of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗