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Biomedical subjects

A J Gelenberg

Publications and source records attributed to A J Gelenberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Antidepressants in the general hospital.

An approach to the use of antidepressant medication in the general hospital is presented. The type of depression most likely to respond to chemotherapy is described, categories of available antidepressant agents are discussed, and relevant pharmacologic aspects are outlined. This paper suggests clinical guidelines for the use of these drugs, particularly in medical and surgical patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A placebo-controlled multicenter trial of Limbitrol versus its components (amitriptyline and chlordiazepoxide) in the symptomatic treatment of depressive illness.

In a multicenter, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, the efficacy of Limbitrol was compared with that of its components, amitriptyline and chlordiazepoxide. All patients had a diagnosis of primary depression. Data from 279 patients were evaluated using the Hamilton depression scale, the Beck depression inventory, and physician and patient global change measures. Statistically significant differences favoring Limbitrol occurred after 1 week of treatment, and a trend in favor of Limbitrol continued throughout the remaining 3 weeks. In most efficacy comparisons, the combination was as good as, or better than, amitriptyline alone. It was superior to chlordiazepoxide alone after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. Each component produced an independent contribution to the total therapeutic effect: the chlordiazepoxide effect was more prominent in the first 2 weeks and the amitriptyline effect in the latter 2 weeks. A trend favoring amitriptyline over chlordiazepoxide was evident by week 4. The overall incidence of side effects was comparable in both Limbitrol- and amitriptyline-treated groups. Limbitrol-treated patients exhibited more sedation, but significantly fewer Limbitrol patients discontinued treatment prematurely because of side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Choline and lecithin in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: preliminary results from a pilot study.

Tardive dyskinesia is thought to reflect increased dopaminergic activity of the central nervous system. To compensate for this by increasing CNS cholinergic tone, the authors administered oral choline and its natural dietary source, lecithin, to 5 men with mild to severe tardive dyskinesia in a nonblind trial. Both choline and lecithin increased serum choline levels and improved abnormal movements in all patients. Lecithin had fewer adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clozapine versus chlorpromazine for the treatment of schizophrenia: preliminary results from a double-blind study.

Fifteen schizophrenic inpatients were treated in a double-blind comparison study of clozapine versus chlorpromazine. Clozapine appeared to be at least as effective as chlorpromazine without producing any extrapyramidal reactions. Although bone marrow toxicity associated with clozapine has led to the drug's withdrawal from clinical use, data from studies of clozapine demonstrate that a drug can be effective antipsychotic without producing neurologic reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effects of amitriptyline and lithium on a patient with 48-hour recurrent depressions.

A 61-year-old man with a 5-year history of 48-hour mood swing cycles--1 day depressed, 1-day euthymic--was treated with medications in a double blind trial. Placebo had no effect on his cycles, amitriptyline lessened the amplitude of depression on "bad days" but did not effect the 48-hour periodicity, whereas lithium carbonate therapy terminated both affective symptoms and the cycle itself. After several months on lithium, the patient discontinued the drug, but neither symptoms nor cycles returned. Forty-eight-hour affective cycles are unusual, and this patient's response to lithium is particularly striking.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1978

Recurrent unipolar depressions with a 48-hour cycle: report of a case.

Since 1804 there have been twelve case reports of patients with mood disorders showing a regular periodicity of 48 hours, eight bipolar and four unipolar. This paper describes an additional patient, a 57-year-old man with a 48-hour unipolar cycle. Although his 24-hour serum cortisol pattern was abnormal, there were few clear-cut biological abnormalities. Possible mechanisms are discussed, and comparisons made with previous reports of similar patients.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1977

Catatonic reactions to high-potency neuroleptic drugs.

Eight patients developed a syndrome marked by features of catatonia (including posturing, waxy flexibility, withdrawal and regression) and parkinsonism (including bradykinesia and rigidity) while receiving high-potency neuroleptic drugs. The syndrome had a gradual onset, responded slowly to withdrawal of the neuroleptic or use of an anticholinergic agent, but seemed to respond more rapidly to amantadine. The syndrome may easily be confused with a worsening of schizophrenic symptoms.

Adolescent↗