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Biomedical subjects

A J Isaacs

Publications and source records attributed to A J Isaacs.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Driving and drug regulation.

The UK Licensing Authority, aided by advice from expert committees, has the statutory duty to evaluate new medicines in respect of quality, safety and efficacy. All drug applications in the EC must now be accompanied by a summary of product characteristics which includes a statement on the effects of the products on the ability to drive and operate machinery. Any claims or warnings made in this or other respects must be based on data resulting from scientific experiments and will appear in data sheets. Appropriate label warnings may also be required, in some cases imposed by the Labelling Regulations, such as the standard antihistamine warning. The use of package inserts to give further warning to the public is currently under study.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1984

A clinical assessment of Modifast in U.K. general practice.

Between April and October 1983, 443 subjects were offered a month's course of Modifast by their general practitioners. Modifast is a very low calorie formula diet containing 1.7MJ (410 kcal) and 70g protein per day. Results available on 335 of these individuals indicate that 217 completed a four week course and achieved an average weight loss of 6.6 kg, whilst those that did not complete the course achieved a 2.6 kg weight loss. Concurrent disease was present in 44.5% of subjects. The product was rated on average, tolerable, but side effects, albeit generally minor and transient, were reported by one third. Nearly two-thirds of the initially hypertensive patients became normotensive. Modified fasting is an acceptable and effective initial approach to weight loss in general practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The effect of weight gain on gonadotrophins and prolactin in anorexia nervosa.

Serum levels of gonadotrophins and prolactin and their response to luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone--releasing hormone (LRH) and thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) were measured in 14 females with anorexia nervosa when at low body weight and again in 6 cases during, and 12 cases after weight gain. Mean serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were low initially and whereas FSH increased significantly with weight gain, LH levels remained subnormal in most patients. LH responses to LRH were grossly impaired or absent in patients whose weight was below 75% of the ideal, but increased dramatically above this weight over-shadowing the more modest increase in FSH response. In three patients, however, impaired LH responses persisted as ideal weight was approached. Basal prolactin levels were well within the normal range in all patients. During weight gain there was no change in basal levels but the prolactin level 20 min after TRH was significantly increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid function in anorexia nervosa: influence of weight gain.

The functional state of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis was assessed in 14 women and girls with anorexia nervosa when at low body weight and again in 12 cases after they had gained weight. Mean serum thyroxine concentrations were low before and after weight gain. Mean serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were substantially reduced at low weight and doubled after weight gain, the absolute values being linearly correlated with body weight expressed as a percentage of the ideal. Concentrations of reverse T3 were greatly increased in some patients initially and fell with weight gain. Basal concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were unchanged after weight gain but the TSH response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone was significantly augmented; delayed patterns of response were found in seven out of 12 patients tested before and three out of 12 patients tested after weight gain. Changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis are common in anorexia nervosa and probably represent both peripheral and central adaptations to the altered nutritional state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of piperazine oestrone sulphate on serum oestrogen and gonadotrophin levels in post-menopausal women.

Thirty-three post-menopausal women were treated with piperazine oestrone sulphate 1.5--3.0 mg daily on a cyclical basis for 3--6 months. Serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), oestrone and oestradiol were measured on two occassions prior to starting treatment, and several times during the course of therapy. Initial mean concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol of 59 and 14 pg/ml rose to 528 and 83 pg/ml, respectively, and this was associated with a dose-related suppression of LH (from 57.1 to 50.3 u/l) and more particularly FSH (from 25.8 to 16.5 u/l). There was a highly significant correlation between the decrease in FSH and the oestradiol concentration during treatment, but no correlation with oestrone.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1977

Effect of piperazine oestrone sulphate on serum lipids and lipoproteins in menopausal women.

Twenty menopausal women and 2 women with gonadal dysgenesis were treated with piperazine oestrone sulphate 1.5-3 mg dialy on a cyclical basis for a period of 6 months. Fasting serum lipids and lipoprotein esterified fatty acid indices (EFI) were estimated before starting treatment and after 3 and 6 months. There were small falls in serum cholesterol (significant at 3 months) and beta-lipoprotein EFI (significant at 6 months). Serum triglyceride and pre-beta-lipoprotein EFI rose significantly at both 3 and 6 months. Serum total phospholipid levels were reduced (significant at 6 months) with most marked changes in the sphingomyelin fraction. Other parameters were not significantly altered.

Cholesterol↗