Biomedical subjects

A J Reid

Publications and source records attributed to A J Reid.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1989

Differences in intrapartum obstetric care provided to women at low risk by family physicians and obstetricians.

To determine differences in practice style and to examine maternal and neonatal outcomes, we reviewed the hospital charts of 1115 women admitted by family physicians and 1250 women admitted by obstetricians who gave birth at one of three teaching hospitals in Toronto between April 1985 and March 1986. All the women in the two groups were categorized retrospectively as being at low risk at the onset of labour on the basis of their prenatal records and their admission histories and physical examination results. There were higher proportions of younger women and women of lower socioeconomic status in the family physician group than in the obstetrician group (p less than 0.001). The rates of interventions, including artificial rupture of the membranes, induction, augmentation, low forceps plus vacuum extraction, episiotomy and epidural anesthesia, were all higher in the obstetrician group. The mean birth weight and the cesarean section rate were the same in the two groups. Differences in labour and delivery outcomes between the two groups, including a higher rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery for the family physicians, reflected a more "expectant" practice style by family doctors. However, there were no significant differences in the rates of maternal or neonatal complications. A practice style characterized by a higher rate of interventions was not associated with improved maternal or newborn outcome in this low-risk setting.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

The differential expression of genes for the PSE-4 beta-lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Enterobacteriaceae.

The PSE-4 beta-lactamase has been identified, for the first time, in two non-pseudomonal strains. The gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae 241 (dal1) was located on a plasmid (pUK700) and was freely transferable to other enterobacterial strains and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On the other hand, the gene in Enterobacter cloacae A113 (dal2) could only be transferred in the presence of a mobilizing plasmid. When both these genes were transferred within the Enterobacteriaceae, the beta-lactamase produced was slightly different from the prototype 'Dalgleish' PSE-4 enzyme. However, when dal1 and dal2 were transferred to P. aeruginosa the enzyme expressed was identical to this prototype enzyme. In addition, both these genes expressed higher levels of PSE-4 beta-lactamase production in P. aeruginosa than found in the Enterobacteriaceae. Thus it appears that the biochemical properties of the PSE-4 gene products from dal1 and dal2 are host-modified.

Enterobacteriaceae↗

PubMed1988

Cephaloridine resistance in gram-negative bacteria isolated in Scotland.

The incidence of cephaloridine resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC greater than 8 mg L-1) in isolates from urinary tract infections was 45.1% in Glasgow, 22.6% in Dundee and 25.9% in Edinburgh. The incidence of ampicillin resistance (MIC greater than 8 mg L-1) was even higher:- being 45.2% in Dundee and 48.5% in Edinburgh. In Glasgow, the incidence was 71.9% which is the highest proportion of ampicillin resistance reported in the United Kingdom. The cephaloridine resistant strains were examined for beta-lactamase production. Amongst these strains 50.8% produced only a chromosomal beta-lactamase, whereas 47.9% produced beta-lactamases which were potentially plasmid-mediated on the basis of biochemical tests. Only 1% of the resistant strains produced no detectable beta-lactamase.

Ampicillin Resistance↗

PubMed1985

Night-time sleep EEG changes following body heating in a warm bath.

Six healthy female volunteers (22-24 years), physically untrained (unfit), sat in baths of warm or cool water for 90 min, between 14.30 h and 17.30 h, on separate occasions. In the former condition (HOT), rectal temperature (Tr) rose by an average of 1.8 degrees C, and in the latter (COOL), a thermoneutral condition, there was a nil Tr change. All-night sleep EEGs were monitored after both occasions and on baseline nights. Following COOL, there was no significant change in any sleep parameter. After HOT there were significant increases in: sleepiness at bed-time, slow wave sleep, and stage 4 sleep. REM sleep was reduced, particularly in the first REM sleep period.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Letter: CUSO.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Canada↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of the high-risk care environment on the practice of low-risk obstetrics.

This retrospective chart review compared the intervention rates in 2,365 low-risk obstetric patients at three urban teaching hospitals, two of which were high-risk, perinatal referral centers. The third cared for mostly low-risk patients. The hypothesis was that rates of intervention in low-risk pregnancies would be higher in the high-risk care environment. Family physicians at the perinatal referral centers performed significantly more artificial rupture of membranes, epidural blocks, augmentations of labor, and episiotomies on their low-risk patients than did those at the low-risk hospital. This trend was also found for obstetricians but did not reach statistical significance. Thus, the conclusion was drawn that caring for low-risk patients in a high-risk care environment is associated with a higher intervention rate by family physicians. Factors that may contribute to this finding are discussed.

Adult↗