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Biomedical subjects

A J Sbarra

Publications and source records attributed to A J Sbarra.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Premature rupture of the membranes: a conservative approach.

A conservative approach was followed in 188 patients with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) over a 2 year period. There were no neonatal deaths from sepsis, and only one infant showed a positive central bacteriologic culture. Fifty-seven percent of all patients less than 37 weeks' gestation had a latent period of 24 hours and 19% went beyond 7 days before labor began. Patients less than 34 weeks' gestation who received antepartum steroids for lung maturation showed no increased infectious morbidity or mortality. A conservative approach to patients with PROM seems reasonable when either prematurity and/or a cervix unfavorable for induction further complicates the pregnancy.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1979

24-hour urine creatinine excretion in pregnancy.

A total of 489 consecutive 24-hour urine collection from 162 patients were analyzed for creatinine excretion. The 24-hour creatinine excretion increased with the urine volume. Creatinine excretions in 24-hour urine collections were not statistically different between in- and out-patients. The results indicate that the mean urine creatinine per 24 hours is 1.08 g for 24-hour urine volumes between 500 and 1500 ml. For urine volumes greater than 1500 ml it is 1.22 g. For 24-hour urine volumes less than 500 ml, the mean creatinine is 0.63 g.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1978

Positive correlation of optical density at 650 nm. with lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios in amniotic fluid.

In this study, we have attempted to correlate optical density measurements of amniotic fluids with L/S ratios. We may conclude, with over a 98 per cent accuracy, that fluids having optical density readings of 0.15 and above, at 650 nm. will have an L/S ratio over 2.0. Fluids having optical density readings up to 0.05 will have L/S ratios of about 1.3. Finally, amniotic fluids having optical densities greater than 0.05 and less than 0.15 will have L/S ratios of approximately 1.5.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

Enhanced killing of myeloperoxidase-coated bacteria in the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- system.

Bacteria preincubated with myeloperoxidase (MPO) are more readily killed upon the addition of H2O2 and Cl- than controls not subject to prior incubation. This effect was evidenced by decreased requirements of MPO and H2O2 (to approximately 33%) for equivalent bactericidal activity. MPO adsorbed onto the bacterial surface is not accessible to other competing substrates such as guaiacol and [1(-14)C] alanine. It appears that when MPO is adsorbed to the bacteria, it carries out a coupled reaction in which the activated chlorine directly attacks the bacterial cell surface.

Chlorides↗
PubMed1977

Response to mitogen during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

The influence of pregnancy, pregnancy plasma, and pregnancy-associated lhormones on the response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to two phytomitogens (PHS and PWM) was examined in a group of 17 healthy women during pregnancy and the postpartum period. No consistent disparity between pregnancy, postpartum, and control tests was noted in either intrinsic lymphocyte responsiveness or in the effect of autologous plasma or four pregnancy-associated hormones (estriol, progesterone, hPL, and estradiol-17 beta) on lymphocyte responsiveness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Relation between optical density at 650 nm and L/S ratios.

A simple and rapid test that correlates with L/S ratios has been developed. By centrifuging fresh, unfrozen amniotic fluids at 200g for 10 minutes and measuring the optical density at at 650 nm, correlation with L/S ratios is obtained. Optical density readings of 0.15 or greater correlate 100% with L/S ratios of 2.0 or greater. Optical readings below 0.15 correlate 94% with L/S ratios below 2.0.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1976

Incidence, technique of isolation, and treatment of group B streptococci in obstetric patients.

A prospective study was performed to determine the incidence of group B streptococci cultured from the cervix in a series of obstetric clinic patients at St. Margaret's Hospital. Cultures were taken during each trimester and planted to both a blood agar plate and a selective broth medium. Of a total of 812 cultures, 18 were positive, an over-all incidence of 2.2 per cent. During the first, second, and third trimesters, 2.2 per cent, 2.5 per cent, and 1.9 per cent of cultures were positive, respectively. Women with positive cultures were treated with a 10 day course of oral penicillin or a suitable alternative; four of 16 had persistent positive cultures at the end of the first treatment period, three of these four responded to a second course of antibiotics, and the remaining patient responded after a third treatment course. The total number of positive cultures by selective broth was 24, compared to nine in blood agar, indicating a 2.7-fold increase in pickup by the selective broth.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1976

Chlorination, decarboxylation and bactericidal activity mediated by the MPO-H2O2-C1- system.

1. MPO, H2O2 and C1- form a complex that undergoes intramolecular rearrangement yielding the chlorinium ion. 2. The chlorinium ion can interact with MPO, bacteria and amino acids. 3. The reaction can occur at a wide range of pH, H2O2 concentration and C1- concentration. 4. The chlorinium ion can attack different protein molecules to cause structural changes. 5. Preincubation of MPO with bacteria results in greater bactericidal activity. 6. Diffusible bactericidal agents are also produced by the MPO-H2O2-C1- system.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Mouse spleen lymphocyte bactericidal and peroxidase activities: enhancement by whole body x-irradiation.

A 20,000 g pellet obtained from the homogenate of CD1 mouse spleen cells has measurable peroxidase and bactericidal activities. Whole body x-irradiation stimulates the in vitro peroxidative and bactericidal activities of the spleen cells. These cells do not phagocytize. However, addition of polystyrene latex particles to spleen cells from non- or x-irradiated mice, increases glucose oxidation. The extent of this stimulation (three- to fourfold) is less than that of PMN (six- to tenfold). Interaction between particles and lymphocyte surface may be the cause of this stimulation. The increased bactericidal activity due to x-ray is attributed mainly to an increase in the peroxidase activity of the lymphocytes. Surface (membrane) action rather than phagocytosis may be involved in the bactericidal process. The spleen lymphocyte peroxidase is distinct from myeloperoxidase in several respects.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Successful pregnancy renal transplantation.

Pregnancy in a renal homograft recipient resulted in the delivery of a 2770-g male fetus by classic cesarean section. Renal function remained stable throughout the gestation. The fetoplacental unit was monitored by the concurrent assay of 24-hour urinary estrogen excretion and human placental lactogen (hPL) in light of the spuriously low estrogen levels often found in these patients on chronic glucocorticoid immunosuppression.

Apgar Score↗