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A J Seiler

Publications and source records attributed to A J Seiler.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Vaccination of young children, at school entrance and completion in the Bern canton 1998].

Vaccine coverage and role of school physicians for vaccination was evaluated among 1260 and 840 children respectively, in the State of Berne, in 1998. Vaccine coverage (three doses) was sufficient for diphtheria, tetanus and poliomyelitis (95%), but unsatisfactory for pertussis (90%) and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR, 78-80%). The situation was stable in comparison to the year 1995, only vaccine coverage against Haemophilus influenzae Typ b increased (15-20%). School children of non-Swiss origin, especially those born outside Switzerland had partially low vaccination coverage. The percentage vaccinate was 88%, 84% and 68% for MMR. There was no association between vaccine coverage and school examination by family or school physician. The Swiss Public Office of Health should be more involved with the promotion of vaccinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in asylum seekers and refugees in the Bern canton 1993-1997].

As part of a preventive program asylum seekers and refugees are screened for tuberculosis. Necessary treatments have to be administered in the accepting canton. Aim of this cohort study was to assess the way of diagnosis and the outcome of treatment in 64 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and positive culture in the Canton of Berne between 1993 and 1997. Results existed for 62 of them (96.9%). 34 cases of tuberculosis were discovered by screening and 23 more than 6 months afterwards. 87.1% of all cases were treated for more than 6 months. Among patients with unfavourable outcome four disappeared, three were transferred out. Efficacy of screening for tuberculosis depends also on follow-up during treatment which took place in the Canton of Berne. A strict organisation like the one applied in Berne or directly controlled treatment are necessary to warrant curative treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Vaccination coverage in young children and school children in the Bern canton].

In 1995 immunization coverage at 24 months of age and after the first school year was estimated according to the method recommended by the WHO. Vaccination booklets of 840 children born in 1986, 1987, 1988 or 1991 in the Canton of Berne were reviewed. The response rate was high (96%). The immunization coverage at 24 months of age were for measles 74%, for mumps and rubella (MMR) 72% higher than for diphteria (D), tetanus (T) (62%) and poliomyelitis (polio) (60%) (4 doses) (p < 0.0001). Of the Swiss children born in 1991 32% were vaccinated against tuberculosis. Children 24 months of age of all years had generally a similar immunization coverage. The 101 children of foreign nationalities showed somewhat lower vaccination rates. Immunization uptake for MMR, DT and polio (4 doses) increased over time, so that children born in 1986 at 8.5 years of age had the rate (> 95%) to be reached at the end of the second year of life. After the first school year 88% of the 8.5 years old children presented a vaccination against MMR and 91% a vaccination against measles. Intensified efforts are necessary to achieve a higher immunization coverage at 24 months of age especially among children of foreign nationality, a timely administration of vaccines according to recommended immunization schedule and to restrict BCG vaccine to children at increased risk of tuberculosis.

Child↗
PubMed1995

[A look back at 2 mumps outbreaks].

Two studies are presented. The first one concerns a mumps outbreak in a kindergarten in Geneva in June 1991. Of 26 children, nine (34.6%) got mumps. Of nine children vaccinated with the Rubini vaccine strain, seven had the disease as opposed to only one of 14 children vaccinated with the Urabe strain. The vaccine efficacy of the Rubini strain was estimated at 22% with a 95% confidence interval of -10% to 45%. The second study concerns a cluster of 112 mumps patients seen by a pediatrician in the Bernese Jura region between September 1992 and May 1993. A case-control study was carried out resulting in a vaccine efficacy estimate of 50% with a 95% confidence interval of -19% to 81%. Of the cases, 51 (45.5%) had been vaccinated against mumps, 50 of them (98%) with the Rubini vaccine strain. Of the controls, 30 (61.2%) had been vaccinated, 86.7% of them with Rubini. Methodological problems of case selection and their possible effects on the estimated vaccine efficacy are discussed. The results of these two studies have been confirmed by more recent investigations. In retrospect, we therefore conclude that small studies can serve as early indicators for epidemiological evidence and that they can be finally integrated into a more complete picture.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Absence of FMLP receptors on rat macrophages.

Although rat peritoneal neutrophils in the presence of cytochalasin B demonstrate superoxide (O2-) responses to the chemotactic peptide N'-formyl-met-leu-phe (FMLP), neither elicited rat peritoneal macrophages nor rat alveolar macrophages show an O2- response to FMLP (in the presence or absence of cytochalasin B), although a good O2- response to opsonized zymosan is demonstrated by both types of macrophages. Using Fura-2 loaded cells, peritoneal macrophages failed to show an increase in intracellular calcium after exposure to FMLP, f-nor-leu-phe, F-met-met-met, or F-norleu-leu-phe-norleu-lys. FMLP also failed to induce elevations in intracellular calcium in alveolar macrophages. In 3H-FMLP binding studies, the lack of responsiveness of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages was associated with the lack of FMLP receptors on these cell types, in striking contrast to the presence of functional receptors on rat neutrophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone in patients undergoing chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: clinical and pathophysiological implications.

The pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone after i.p. and/or i.v. administration were studied in 12 CAPD patients. After i.v. injection, the plasma half-life was 2.65 +/- 0.4 h, the total clearance amounting to 70.1 +/- 19.2 ml/min. Peritoneal clearance was calculated to be 6.9 +/- 1 ml/min. After peritoneal instillation, the bioavailability was 63.9 +/- 5%. After repeated i.p. administration, no accumulation of the drug in the body was observed. Thus, cefoperazone can be safely administered for the treatment of peritonitis in CAPD patients.

Cefoperazone↗
PubMed1982

Antihypertensive mechanism of the diuretic muzolimine in mild renal failure. Roles of sodium and cardiovascular norepinephrine responsiveness.

Eighteen patients with mild impairment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate 65 +/- 5 ml/min:m +/- SEM) and hypertension (168/105 +/- 6/3 mmHg) were shown on average to have abnormally increased cardiovascular pressor responsiveness to infused norepinephrine (NE; p less than 0.05), whereas plasma and urinary NE, exchangeable body sodium and blood-volume did not differ significantly from normal. A slightly increased pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II was associated with a tendency to low plasma renin activity (PRA). Compared to placebo conditions, treatment with the loop-diuretic muzolimine in a mean dose of 35 +/- 2 mg/day for six weeks decreased blood-pressure and exchangeable sodium (p less than 0.05), and NE pressor responsiveness was restored to normal values, whilst plasma and urinary NE were not significantly changed. This was consistent with improvement of the initially abnormal relationship between NE levels and NE responsiveness factors. In contrast, the pressor dose of angiotensin II and PRA were increased to an approximatively similar extent during muzolimine treatment. These observations suggest that removal of body sodium and a decrease in NE reactivity without an equivalent increase in sympathetic nervous activity may be important complementary factors in the antihypertensive mechanisms of diuretic treatment in patients with mild renal functional impairment.

Adult↗