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Biomedical subjects

A J Vaz

Publications and source records attributed to A J Vaz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Positive serology of syphilis, toxoplasmosis and Chagas' disease in pregnant women in their first visit to health centers in a metropolitan area, Brazil].

The diagnosis of some infectious diseases contracted during pregnancy is very important, as these diseases can be transmitted to the fetus. Four hundred and eighty-one pregnant women were studied, of an average 24.5 years of age (from 14 to 46), during their first prenatal visit to the State of S. Paulo's Health Care Centres in the subdistrict of Paz (Butantan), City of S. Paulo, Brazil, between April and October, 1988. Classified by trimester of pregnancy, 230 patients (47.8%) fell into the first, 203 (42.2%) into the second and 48 (10%) into the third trimester. Of the 474 patients that declared their income, 309 (65.2%) earned 1 MSPC (minimum salary per capita) per month, which gives some indication of the low socioeconomic status of our patients is. The serologic tests for syphilis, toxoplasmosis and Chagas' disease were analysed for each patient, more than one technique being used for each. The results were as follows: 25 patients (5.2%) had a positive test for syphilis; in 67 patients (13.9%) active toxoplasmosis was diagnosed (Presence of IgM antibodies in 6); 14 patients (2.9%) were positive for Chagas' disease, among which 10 (71.4%) came from the States of Bahia and Minas Gerais, where this disease has a high prevalence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in their first visit to health centers of a metropolitan area, Brazil].

Three hundred and sixty-three pregnant women enrolled in the Pregnancy Medical Care Program of S. Paulo Health Department from the district of Butantan, S. Paulo city, Brazil, were studied at the first routine consultation. At the time they were examined they were not given any medicine containing iron, folic acid or vitamin B12. Their average age was 25 and 65.9% belonged to families with a monthly per capita income below US$ 50.00. Only 3.1% had a per capita income above U$$ 150.00. The prevalence of anemia was 12.4%. The hemoglobin concentration (grams/dl) in the first trimester was significantly higher than in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. The prevalence of anemia in the first trimesters (3.6%) was significantly smaller than that found in the second (20.9%) and third semesters (32.1%). Those women who had had more than three gestations presented a higher prevalence of anemia than those with less than three, and the prevalence of anemia was higher in the group whose families had a monthly per capita income below US$ 25.00.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[High-dose intravenous penicillin therapy in neurosyphilis. III. Evaluation of antitreponemal antibodies of the IgM class in cerebrospinal fluid and serum].

IgM antibodies against Treponema pallidum were investigated in the serum and in the CSF of 9 patients with symptomatic neurosyphilis, before the treatment and in several occasions after the treatment. Tests used were the FTA-Abs test, the IgM-solid phase hemadsorption test and an IgM-Elisa test. Titers of reactions decreased after treatment but they were still reactive in the blood and in the CSF during the second year after the treatment.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1983

Low fractional excretion of urine sodium in acute renal failure due to sepsis.

A low fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) of less than 1% was present in two patients who had acute renal failure due to sepsis. Both patients had bacteremia and had undergone major abdominal and vascular surgery. Prerenal azotemia due to volume depletion was not present as adequate central filling pressures were maintained with a Swan-Ganz catheter. Interstitial nephritis and obstructive uropathy were carefully ruled out. Acute renal failure due to sepsis should be included among the other conditions recently reported with a low FENa. This is of great importance as errors in fluid management are possible in this high-risk patient population when much reliance is placed on the interpretation of a low FENa of less than 1%.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1982

Compartmental syndrome following subclavian vein hemodialysis.

Compartmental syndrome occurred in a patient when the subclavian vein was used for hemodialysis. This complication has not yet been reported in subclavian vein hemodialysis. Compartmental syndrome has been more commonly reported as affecting the lower extremities. Increased edema formation due to venous congestion in a tight compartment is the cause for this syndrome. Prompt recognition and treatment can prevent serious complications. The incidence of compartmental syndrome will increase, as both the subclavian vein and internal jugular vein area used more frequently for hemodialysis.

Arm↗
PubMed1982

Subclavian hemodialysis using the two catheter single lumen approach.

The subclavian vein has provided a useful vascular access for hemodialysis, both in acute as well as chronic renal failure. We were prompted to do 58 two catheter single lumen subclavian hemodialyses for the following reasons: (A) Marked obesity. (B) Patients with pre-existing aortic iliac synthetic vascular grafts. (C) Use of pre-existing hemodialysis equipment. (D) Decrease in recirculation and lack of high obligatory ultrafiltration as compared to single-needle hemodialysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Abdominal angina in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis.

The syndrome of abdominal angina is described in three patients receiving long-term hemodialysis. This clinical entity has not yet been described in patients with chronic renal failure. The classic triad of abdominal pain, weight loss, and diarrhea produces fear of eating. Most laboratory and radiologic investigations are inconclusive. Remarkable relief of symptoms occurs with maintenance of the hematocrit level above 30%, reduction of pump speed during hemodialysis to approximately 200 ml/min, use of a smaller surface area dialyzer, and administration of sublingual nitroglycerin. This clinical syndrome is often misdiagnosed, resulting in several unnecessary investigations, as well as unnecessary surgical procedures. Cholecystectomy is the operation most commonly done. All three of our patients died within ten months of diagnosis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1980

Clinical use of cimetidine in acute renal failure after resection of abdominal aneurysms.

Gastrointestinal bleeding and infection are leading causes of mortality in patients with acute renal failure. Cimetidine, an H2 blocker, has been reported to be useful in the treatment of duodenal ulceration in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Sequential organ failure is common in patients who have had resection of dissecting abdominal aneurysms. Because acute renal failure is included in the definition of sequential organ failure, we attempted to determine whether cimetidine could significantly reduce gastrointestinal bleeding in our series of patients who had acute renal failure after resection of dissecting abdominal aneurysms.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

Subclavian vein single-needle dialysis in acute renal failure following vascular surgery.

Acute renal failure, following major surgery of the abdominal aorta, was managed in 3 patients using the subclavian vein for single-needle dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis could not be done, as the posterior peritoneum is violated. Blood access for hemodialysis also poses several problems. Percutaneous cannulization of the femoral vein is risky because of the possibility of accidental entry into the synthetic graft. The subclavian vein provides an alternate source of blood supply for single-needle dialysis in these high-risk postsurgical patients who have acute renal failure. Several advantages are described with this technique, including preservation of forearm vessels. Utmost care has to be taken during cannulization of the subclavian vein, as well as meticulous attention given, to prevent infection.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1977

The reverse fistula for vascular access.

A new technique for vascualr access in the patient requiring chronic hemodialysis and who has had multiple failures of forearm fistulas involves the formation of a side-to-side anastomosis between the brachial artery and the basilic vein and creates reverse flow into the antecubital venous system. Attention to technical considerations will prevent edema of the arm and allow for future use of graft procedures, if necessary.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunodiagnosis of human leptospirosis using saliva.

When the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of specific immunoglobulin M class antibodies was applied to paired saliva and serum samples from 40 patients with leptospirosis, positivity was 87.5% and 100%, respectively. No positive result was obtained with any saliva or serum sample from 60 individuals used as controls. These results suggest the alternative use of saliva for diagnosis and for epidemiological studies of human leptospirosis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗