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Biomedical subjects

A Jørgensen

Publications and source records attributed to A Jørgensen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Dihydropyridine ligands influence the evoked release of oxytocin and vasopressin dependent on stimulation conditions.

The effects of dihydropyridine ligands on the electrically evoked release of neurohypophysial hormones from isolated, rat neurointermediate lobes were investigated as a function of all combinations of two pulse widths (0.2 and 2 ms) and three stimulation frequencies (6.5, 13 and 30 Hz). The dihydropyridine agonist (S)-(+)-202-791 potentiated concentration dependently the release of both oxytocin and vasopressin at a pulse width of 2 ms and a frequency of 6.5 Hz. This effect of (S)-(+)-202-791 was abolished by the antagonist (-)-nitrendipine and stereospecifically by (R)-(-)-202-791 (only vasopressin). The antagonist (R)-(-)-202-791 alone inhibited the release of oxytocin at 13 Hz and 2 ms. The results presented show that the effects of the dihydropyridine ligands are dependent on the stimulation conditions, and thus demonstrate that the entry of Ca2+ through the dihydropyridine sensitive L-type Ca2+ channel is associated with electrically evoked release of neurohypophysial hormones under certain conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Pulse oximetry during fibreoptic bronchoscopy in local anaesthesia: frequency of hypoxaemia and effect of oxygen supplementation.

The indication for oxygen supplementation during diagnostic fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in local anaesthesia was evaluated by means of pulse oximetry in 160 patients (108 men, 52 women), median age 62 years. The patients were allocated at random into four groups of each 40 persons, which were comparable concerning pulmonary function and the dose of benzodiazepine used for premedication. The oxygen saturation of the haemoglobin (SpO2) in the tip of the index finger and the pulse rate were continuously recorded. Group 1 was examined without O2 supplement. Group 2a received O2 2 litres/min through a catheter placed in the vestibulum nasi. Group 2b received O2 2 litres/min through a pharyngeal catheter. Group 3 received O2 3 litres/min through a pharyngeal catheter. SpO2 mean values during FOB were 92 +/- (SD) 3% in group 1 and 96 +/- 2% in groups 2a, 2b and 3 (p < 0.001). SpO2 trough levels were mean 87 +/- 4% in group 1 vs. 93 +/- 2% in groups 2a and 2b, and 94 +/- 3% in group 3 (p < 0.001). Transient hypoxaemia, i.e., SpO2 < 85%, occurred with a frequency of 35% in group 1, 2.5% in group 2a, 0% in group 2b, and 2.5% in group 3. Tachycardia and bradycardia during FOB occurred with a frequency of 20% in group 1, 25% in group 2a, 18% in group 2b, and 10% in group 3. Pulse oximetry increases the safety of FOB, and is recommended for routine use. During FOB, oxygen supplement 2-3 litres/min should be administered to all patients, preferably through a pharyngeal catheter, as a preventive measure against hypoxaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Clean intermittent self-catheterization.

The pathogenesis and the symptomatology of the infrequent voiding syndrome is discussed. The acceptability of clean intermittent self-catheterization as a treatment modality for women with the infrequent voiding syndrome is documented through questionnaires and retrospective study of patient records in fifty-four women. This study is part of a study already published.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Is it possible to live with clean intermittent catheterization?].

In the period 1983 to 1992, 208 patients with bladder dysfunction were introduced to clean intermittent self-catheterization. Through questionnaires and retrospective study of patient records we found that 57% of the patients were very satisfied with this treatment modality. Seventy percent found it easy to learn to catheterize themselves and 39% experienced improval of everyday life. Thirty-five percent never had bacteriuria. No serious complications were seen. Conclusively we found that clean intermittent self-catheterization is a good treatment modality for patients with bladder dysfunction. It is easy to learn, easy to perform and is very well accepted by the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The effect of filtration on the cellular components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

The effect of filtration through two layers of cotton gauze on the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was studied in 25 patients with pulmonary disease. There was no significant difference between median total cell count in unfiltered and filtered BAL (P = 0.73) or in the distribution of neutrophils or eosinophils. The percentage of bronchial epithelial cells was significantly higher in unfiltered than in filtered BAL (P = 0.02). Furthermore, differential cell counts showed a significantly lower percentage of alveolar macrophages (P = 0.04), and a significantly higher percentage of lymphocytes (P = 0.04) in unfiltered compared with filtered BAL. Thus, gauze filtration results in a loss of bronchial epithelial cells and lymphocytes, and is not recommended in the routine analysis of cellular components in BAL fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Seasonal siderosis in female eider nesting in Svalbard.

Specimens of female and male eider (Somateria mollissima) were collected in Svalbard. Atomic absorption analyses revealed mean hepatic iron concentrations of 280 micrograms per g wet weight 2 to 3 weeks before egg laying, 2620 micrograms per g after 2 to 3 weeks brooding and 800 micrograms per g 2 weeks after hatching. At the highest concentration, there was massive siderosis with the iron located in both parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. No signs of liver injury were seen. The female eider fasts completely from the start of egg laying to the end of hatching. The non-parenchymal iron deposits are probably the result of catabolism of blood and lean tissue, i.e., translocation of body iron. The parenchymal siderosis can hardly be explained by liver weight loss alone. An increased iron absorption preceding the egg laying is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Raw soy and purified proteinase inhibitors induce the appearance of inhibitor-resistant trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in Wistar rat duodenal juice.

Rats were fed raw soybeans or purified soybean proteinase inhibitors by tube to see whether they were able to produce inhibitor-resistant trypsin, as previously demonstrated in humans. Their duodenal chyme contained only 20-50% of the enzymatic activities of animals fed bovine serum albumin (BSA) as test protein. However, both tryptic and chymotryptic activities had considerable resistance to low- and high-molecular-weight inhibitors of serine proteinases. In particular, the tryptic activity demonstrated a high degree of inhibitor resistance. Human alpha 1-antitrypsin and lima bean inhibitor in amounts that inhibited bovine serum albumin-induced trypsin completely caused only 2-12% inhibition of the raw soybean-induced tryptic activity. The inhibitor-resistant tryptic and chymotryptic activities after raw soybean instillation might be caused by the Bowman-Birk and Kunitz trypsin inhibitors. The physiologic significance of an inhibitor-resistant trypsin might be to assure activation of other pancreatic proenzymes. The results of the present rat experiments confirm the previous findings of inhibitor-resistant trypsin in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of simple tests for detection of HIV antibodies: analysis of interobserver variation in Tanzania.

200 sera were tested for HIV antibodies with different tests in Tanzania. The results were interpreted by 5 different observers with different laboratory experience. There was considerable variation between observers and between testing methods. HIV-Chek was easiest to perform with little interobserver variation, but a few probably false negative readings were seen. Serodia gave many false positives. Western Blots gave more diverging results due to indeterminate sera and lack of training. HIV-Chek seems best when time, facilities, and training are limited and if combined with Serodia false negative results can be excluded.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1989

Molecular epidemiology of antibiotic resistant Haemophilus influenzae isolated in Denmark 1981-87.

The molecular basis of antibiotic resistance was studied in 32 epidemiologically unrelated Danish clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae. Both non-encapsulated and capsulated type b strains were represented as well as four different biotypes. Plasmid DNA was found in 11 strains, all of which were antibiotic resistant. Antibiotic resistance was transferred to an Rd Haemophilus influenzae recipient from 5 of 6 prospective donors. Ampicillin and chloramphenicol resistance were linked markers while tetracycline resistance--when unselected--was lost in 18% of the transconjugants. Loss of Tcr was associated with loss of a plasmid DNA segment. Restriction enzyme profiles of plasmid DNA lead to the conclusion that the drug resistance plasmids are derivatives of a common, not too distant, ancestor. There is evidence of both clonal spread and horizontal transmission of related drug resistance plasmids in H. influenzae in Denmark.

Ampicillin Resistance↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study of the pharmacokinetics of zuclopenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate.

Seventeen outpatients were treated with depot neuroleptics, zuclopenthixol decanoate in Viscoleo or fluphenazine decanoate in sesame oil, with dosage intervals of 3 weeks. During the 4th, 6th, and 8th dosage interval blood samples were drawn in oxalated tubes. Plasma concentrations of the active neuroleptic drugs, zuclopenthixol and fluphenazine, were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations indicated some interindividual as well as intraindividual variations. For zuclopenthixol the maximum concentration was most often seen at day 7 after injection, whereas the kinetics of the fluphenazine concentrations was more variable. There was an indication of more fluctuation in the 4th dosage interval than in the 8th dosage interval, possibly due to the fact that steady state has not yet been achieved at the 4th dosage interval.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The Copenhagen high-risk project. The diagnosis of maternal schizophrenia and its relation to offspring diagnosis.

The Copenhagen longitudinal high-risk study of offspring of 129 schizophrenic mothers commenced in 1962. At that time, the mothers were diagnosed according to contemporary Danish criteria. We have re-examined all of the hospital records of these mothers: 108 (84%) fulfil present-day DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia and 95 (74%) were diagnosed as paranoid schizophrenic according to ICD-8 criteria. In a follow-up at mean age 24, the offspring of the paranoid schizophrenic mothers were themselves found to be less frequently schizophrenic (5%) than were the offspring of non-paranoid schizophrenic mothers (29%).

Adult↗