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Biomedical subjects

A K Chaudhuri

Publications and source records attributed to A K Chaudhuri.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Transient leukaemia cutis in hairy-cell leukaemia.

Leukaemic skin infiltration is uncommon in hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL), a neoplasm characterized by the presence of uniform mononuclear cells with cytoplasmic projections in the blood, bone marrow and spleen. A case is reported in which leukaemia cutis was a transient phenomenon, appearing soon after the onset of a continuous pyrexia associated with marked systemic upset which was subsequently shown to be due to pulmonary tuberculosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Neuropharmacological studies on the venom of Vipera russelli.

Neuropharmacological studies have been conducted on the venom of V. russelli on experimental animals. The venom was found to produce alteration in general behaviour pattern, reduction in spontaneous motility, hypothermia, potentiation of pentobarbitone hypnosis, analgesia, reduction in exploratory behaviour pattern, muscle relaxant action, and suppression of aggressive behaviour. The venom caused a significant increase in brain GABA content in mice. The observations are suggestive of a potent CNS-depressant action of V. russelli venom.

Aggression↗
PubMed1990

The distribution of aztreonam in serum, bile, skin and subcutaneous tissues in patients undergoing cholecystectomy.

The distribution of aztreonam was measured in patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. In 14 patients 2 g aztreonam was injected preoperatively and the concentration of the antibiotic was assessed in the bile from the gall bladder and common bile duct, subcutaneous tissues and serum. Samples from bile and any wound discharge were cultured and sensitivities determined. The antibiotic reached bactericidal levels in the common bile duct within 30 min of injection and such levels were maintained in skin and gall bladder for at least 4 h after injection. Aztreonam was highly effective against the Gram-negative organisms that were cultured in bile but was less effective against Enterococcus faecalis.

Aztreonam↗
PubMed1990

Secretor status, smoking and carriage of Neisseria meningitidis.

A survey of ABO blood groups, secretor status and smoking habits among 389 students and staff of a school in which there was an outbreak of meningococcal disease found no difference in the distribution of the ABO blood groups but a significantly higher proportion of non-secretors (37.6%) in the population examined compared with that reported for previous surveys of the neighbouring population in Glasgow (26.2%) (P less than 0.0005). There was also a significantly higher proportion of non-secretors among carriers of meningococci (47%) compared with non-carriers (32%). Increased carriage of meningococci among non-secretors might contribute to the increased susceptibility of individuals with this genetic characteristic to meningococcal disease observed in previous studies. Although passive exposure to cigarette smoke has been associated with meningococcal disease, there was no association between passive smoking and carriage. There was, however, a significant association between active smoking and carriage.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

Pharmacological actions of tentacle extract of the jellyfish, Acromitus rabanchatu, occurring in the Bay of Bengal.

Tentacle extract of A.rabanchatu, produced a fall of blood pressure in cat, rat and guinea pig. Hypotension produced in cat remained unantagonized by blockers of acetylcholine, histamine and 5-HT. On isolated guinea pig heart, the extract significantly reduced the rate and amplitude of contraction leading to irreversible cardiac arrest. In cats and rats, the respiratory rate and amplitude was decreased significantly and resulted in temporary apnoea. The extract also produced vasoconstriction in perfused rat hindquarter preparation and increased cutaneous capillary permeability. The extract produced contraction in several isolated smooth muscle preparations. Contraction on guinea pig ileum was partly antagonized by atropine and cyproheptadine. On isolated rat phrenic nerve diaphragm and chick biventer cervicis, the extract produced irreversible blockade of the electrical stimulation-induced twitch responses. Haemolytic and myonecrotic activity was exhibited by the extract. LD50 was found to be 7.7 mg/kg (iv, mice).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Tourist hepatitis in the West of Scotland.

During the 6-year period (1971-76) 971 patients were admitted with acute viral hepatitis to different infectious units in the West of Scotland. Of these, 30 (3%) patients had tourist hepatitis. The majority (80%) acquired the infection in the subcontinents of Africa and India or other tropical countries. The clinical spectrum of the illness in these patients ranged from mild to fulminant hepatitis. Fifteen patients were specifically asked about their immunisation history prior to their travel and none had immunoglobulin prophylaxis against hepatitis. Normal human immunoglobulin prevents clinical hepatitis A and should be given to all prospective travellers to Third World countries. In order to formulate a rational policy for prophylaxis, more data about the risk of contracting hepatitis in different countries is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Carbodiimide modification of superhelical PM2 DNA: considerations regarding reaction at unpaired bases and the unwinding of superhelical DNA with chemical probes.

Superhelical PM2 DNA I can be modified with N-cyclohexyl-N'-beta-(4-methylmorpholinium)ethyl carbodiimide (CMC). The transition of the sedimentation coefficient uncorrected for buoyant density change (S20,*) vs. % reactivity in terms of base pairs shows the following characteristics. The S20,* increases by 4.5 S units upon 1% modification. There is a plateau in S20,* between 1 and 4% reactivity. The extent of reactivity was determined by buoyant density and 14C radioactive CMC binding measurements. Further reactivity was not explored since Pulleyblank and Morgan's (22) data of S20,* vs. % reactivity from 6 to 34% was previously published. The initial results obtained in this study are complementary to the cited results of the above authors. Consequently, both sets of data taken together represent a complete description of S20,* vs. % reactivity with CMC. It is shown that the model in which superhelical DNA is proposed to contain small intrastrand hairpin regions can be extended to account for the observed transitions in S20,* vs. reactivity.

Carbodiimides↗