Biomedical subjects

A K Munshi

Publications and source records attributed to A K Munshi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need of handicapped individuals in South Canara, India.

AIMS: To estimate the prevalence and the severity of malocclusion and treatment need for 329 handicapped individuals. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: 329 handicapped individuals aged 11-30 years, attending eight different nonresidential special schools of South Canara, India. METHOD: Examination and recording using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). RESULTS: 53% had a dental appearance which required no orthodontic treatment, 24% had a definite malocclusion, where treatment was 'elective' and treatment for a further 12% was considered to be 'highly desirable'. The remaining subjects (11%) had a handicapping malocclusion where treatment was considered mandatory. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of definite and severe malocclusions was higher in the mentally subnormal individuals when compared to other handicapping conditions. Orthodontic services for the handicapped have generally been neglected.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

The developmental stages of the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3): a sole indicator in assessing the skeletal maturity?

Assessment of skeletal maturity is an integral part of interceptive diagnosis and treatment planning. The present day methods of skeletal maturity assessment like the hand-wrist radiographs or cervical vertebrae radiographs are expensive, require elaborate equipment and accounts for high radiation exposure, especially for growing children. The present study was thus undertaken to provide a simple and practical method of skeletal maturity assessment using the developmental stages of the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3) as seen on an IOPA film taken using a standard dental x-ray machine. The results of the study showed that this simple method was highly reliable and could be used as an alternative method to assess the skeletal maturity of growing children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Estimation of the fluoride concentrations in human breast milk, cow's milk and infant formulae.

Fluoride has a significant effect on the prevention of dental caries. The major dietary intake of the infants constitutes the breast milk cow's milk and infant milk formulations in which the fluoride contents varies widely. Hence it is important to identify the potential milk source of high fluoride intake in an infant's diet and to evaluate the need for the fluoride supplementation. The aim of the present study was to determine the fluoride concentrations in breast milk, cow's milk, infant formulae and water samples in Mangalore city, India, using fluoride electrode (Orion Model 940900). It was noted that minimal amount of fluoride was found to be present in breast milk and cow's milk samples, while the fluoride content of water samples was found to be below the optimum level. On the contrary the infant formulae were found to have equal or more levels of fluoride.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Dental caries status of children with bronchial asthma.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the dental caries status in children with bronchial asthma and to examine the correlation with the severity of asthma and the form of medication being taken. Two hundred and five asthmatic children of both sexes from three to eighteen years old participated in this study. Children were divided into groups: primary, mixed and permanent dentitions. They were also grouped depending on the severity of asthma into mild, moderate and severe asthma and depending on the form of medication being used into inhaler, syrup, tablet and combination group. In the primary dentition group, the asthmatic children had a mean deft of 5.02 +/- 3.05 and a caries prevalence of 75.75%, in the mixed dentition group, the mean deft was 3.45 +/- 2.89 and mean DMFT was 4.83 +/- 3.66 with a caries prevalence of 78.31%. In the permanent dentition the mean DMFT was 5.17 +/- 4.54 and a caries prevalence of 83.15%. Asthmatic children had a high caries prevalence and it increased with the severity of bronchial asthma. The caries prevalence was highest in those taking medication in the form of syrup.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed2002

Pulse oximetry: a diagnostic instrument in pulpal vitality testing.

One hundred children with normal maxillary central and lateral incisors were subjected to vitality tests each by electrical and pulse oximetry. As a control population to confirm the readings, 10 known nonvital anterior teeth with complete endodontic fillings were tested. The systemic oxygen saturation values measured on the index finger of the patient served as the control for the comparison of the oxygen saturation values measure on the teeth. The SaO2 values obtained on the teeth were correlated with the electrical test readings. The correlation between the SaO2 readings and electrical testing readings were found to be negative i.e. as the values of the electrical pulp testing reading increased, the SaO2 values decreased. Since a reproducible SaO2 level is obtainable on the vital teeth, pulse oximetry has immediate clinical value in providing base line vitality data for the traumatised teeth.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed2001

Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of anesthesia and patient preference using the needle-less jet syringe in pediatric dental practice.

Most dentists are aware that local anesthetic injections produce the highest incidence of disruptive behavior in children. Both psychological and physiological monitoring of the response of children to dental injection, support empirical observations of clinicians. The needle-free injector delivers local anesthesia without the use of a needle. This is accomplished by delivering the anesthetic solution under high compressive forces. One hundred children between the ages of 3 to 13 years underwent operative procedures using Madajet XL. There was a statistically significant difference in favor of the instrument. The instrument was completely successful in providing anesthesia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Use of EMLA: is it an injection free alternative?

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) for various clinical procedures such as extraction of the mobile primary teeth, root stumps as well as pulpal therapy procedures in the primary teeth. Thirty children in need of routine dental procedures were selected and procedures were done under a single anesthesia of EMLA. Pain perception and the effectiveness of anesthesia were evaluated with the Eland's color scale and Lickert's scale respectively. Results showed that use of EMLA could to some extent eliminate the use of the needle in the procedures performed especially in pediatric dentistry.

Abscess↗

PubMed2001

Clinical evaluation of Carisolv in the chemico-mechanical removal of carious dentin.

The Chemo-mechanical caries removal technique involves the application of chemical agents, to cause a selective softening of the carious dentine and facilitate removal by gentle excavation. Carisolv is one such new chemical agent used in this minimal invasive technique of carious dentine removal. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Carisolv in the chemo-mechanical removal of carious dentine, the time taken for caries removal, the perception of the treatment by the patient, and to evaluate the restorations, radiographically. Accordingly, fifty primary and permanent molars with dentinal carious lesions were excavated using this technique of caries removal. The chemo-mechanical caries removal technique using Carisolv proved to be an effective atraumatic treatment modality with potential interest for use in clinical pediatric dentistry.

Child↗

PubMed2001

Midline space closure in the mixed dentition: a case report.

Supernumerary teeth which occur both in the primary and the permanent dentition are seen more frequently in the permanent dentition causing a variety of pathological disturbances. Presented herewith is a case report of a patient with a mesiodens which had caused flaring of the maxillary central incisors and impeded normal eruption of the maxillary lateral incisors. Extraction of the mesiodens was carried out; subsequently followed by the space closure utilizing simple fixed orthodontic therapy.

Child↗

PubMed2001

Caries prevalence amongst handicapped children of South Canara district, Karnataka.

This epidemiological investigation was carried out among 524 handicapped children in the age group of 3-30 years, attending 8 different non-residential special schools in South Canara district, Karnataka. The examination procedure and criteria were those recommended by W.H.O. in 1997. The total caries prevalence was found to be 71.56%. The mean deft in the primary dentition was found to be 3.06 +/- 3.14. The mean deft and DMFT in the mixed dentition were 3.32 +/- 2.82 and 1.14 +/- 1.08 respectively. The mean DMFT in the permanent dentition was 4.51 +/- 3.17. The prevalence of dental caries was higher in the mentally subnormal and handicapped children. The decayed component constituted the majority of the dental caries index. Lack of conservative approach to the treatment had been confirmed in the study.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

A comparative evaluation of three fluoride varnishes: an in-vitro study.

This study was conducted to compare the caries preventive efficacy of Fluoritop - SR; the first fluoride varnish manufactured in India with Fluor Protector and Bifluorid 12, the two commercially available fluoride varnishes which have to be imported from other countries and are cost prohibitive. The demineralization inhibitory effects and the antibacterial effects on Streptococcus mutans were studied (in vitro). Calcium and Phosphorus dissolutions were estimated as a measure of the demineralization inhibitory effect. Antibiotic sensitivity tests using the serial tube dilution method and disk diffusion method were used to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the fluoride varnishes. Of the three varnishes, Fluor Protector was seen to exhibit the highest demineralization inhibitory effect, while Fluoritop-SR was found to be comparable to Bifluorid 12 in its caries protective effects.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2001

Management of an impacted, dilacerated mandibular left permanent first molar: a case report.

A case of an unerupted mandibular left permanent first molar, a partially erupted permanent second molar, and a congenitally absent third molar in a 12-year-old girl is described. The permanent first molar, being dilacerated and impacted, required surgical exposure of the crowns of the first and second molars and distalization of the second molar, with the help of a space regainer, to bring the molars into occlusion.

Anodontia↗

PubMed2000

Gallium alloy versus high copper amalgam: a comparative evaluation of corrosion resistance and microleakage in the primary teeth.

In vivo corrosion and in vitro microleakage of a gallium based and a high copper amalgam alloys were evaluated. Twenty-five primary molars each were restored with Galloy and DPI alloy respectively and evaluated, over a period of three months, for various aspects of corrosion in the oral cavity. Additionally ten primary molars were utilized for evaluation of microleakage by dye penetration after having them restored with the two materials. Gallium alloy restorations showed better marginal adaptation, clinically when compared to amalgam restorations. No significant difference was observed for the degree of microleakage around gallium alloy and amalgam restorations.

Chi-Square Distribution↗

PubMed2000

Clinical evaluation of electronic dental anesthesia for various procedures in pediatric dentistry.

Electronic dental anesthesia (EDA) is a newer technique for achieving regional anesthesia by the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). The present study intended to be an initial investigation of the attitudes of dentists and patients towards a relatively newly introduced EDA system. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EDA system, a unit of TENS, in the management of pain during treatment procedures such as minor extractions, restorations (tooth preparations), and pulp therapy, in children. Overall, forty children between the age groups of 5 to 12 years were selected for three different clinical procedures. The response of the patients as well as the opinion of both, the clinician and the patient regarding perception of pain and comfort on administration I effectiveness of electronic anesthesia were recorded and analyzed. Significantly favorable results to the use of EDA were obtained, which indicate that EDA, besides offering safety and psychological advantages, may also be a promising alternative to the conventional methods of local anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Dental↗

PubMed2000

Ultrasonographic and electromyographic evaluation of the labial musculature in children with repaired cleft lips.

Muscle thickness and activity of the labial musculature in twenty seven children aged 4 to 12 years, with repaired cleft lips were measured using ultrasonographic and electromyographic techniques respectively. The results demonstrated that the muscle thickness and muscle activity were more at the repaired area when compared to that at the normal areas, adjacent to the repaired area, on either side. No significant positive correlation was noted between the muscle thickness and muscle activity.

Child↗

PubMed1999

Aberrant root development of the mandibular premolars: a case report.

A rare case of a patient with aberrant root morphology in all the mandibular premolars is reported. A thorough review of the dental literature revealed little significant data concerning such cases, because much of the literature is concerned with variation in root canal morphology rather than variations in root morphology. Failure to obtain preoperative radiographs of diagnostic quality could result in unexpected complications during endodontic treatment or extraction of such variant teeth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Leopard syndrome--report of a variant case.

This case report presents a patient with Leopard syndrome, with multiple lentigines all over the body and face, ocular hypertelorism, delayed secondary sexual characteristics, mild cardiac abnormalities and supernumerary teeth. Clinical relevance of this syndrome lies in its early recognition and precautions to be taken during any invasive dental procedure, which if not performed under antibiotic prophylaxis and premedication, could lead to infective endocarditis. Additionally, a multidisciplinary approach with pediatric and medical consultants is mandatory during the management of such cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1999

Fusion of primary incisors--a report of six cases.

Six cases of asymptomatic dental twinning anomalies in the primary dentition are reported in 4205 school children. A clinical and radiographic presentation of the cases of fusion of primary incisor teeth is illustrated. This clinical entity has been found to appear with varied clinical and radiographic appearances. An association of fusion of primary incisors with the number of succedaneous teeth was seen.

Anodontia↗