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A K Sachdev

Publications and source records attributed to A K Sachdev.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Benign signet ring cell change with multilayering in the gallbladder mucosa--a case report.

We describe a case of benign signet ring cell change in the gallbladder mucosa. On histopathological examination of H&E-stained sections, the gallbladder epithelium showed multilayering. The epithelial cells were large, columnar to polygonal with a small round basal or eccentric nucleus and vacuolated cytoplasm, giving them a signet ring appearance. There was no nuclear atypia, hyperchromatism or mitotic activity. The cells showed uniform positivity with mucicarmine, PAS and Alcian blue stains. The cytoplasmic vacuolations were negative for fat stains (Oil red O and Sudan IV). On immunohistochemistry, the cells showed positivity with antibodies for pancytokeratin (PCK) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). A diagnosis of benign signet ring cell change with multilayering in the gall bladder mucosa was made. Thoroughly reviewing the literature, we found only one case of benign signet ring cell aggregates in the gallbladder mucosa documented earlier. The lesion is hereby reported because of the unique histomorphology and the diagnostic dilemma which can occur as a malignant change in situ has to be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

How do bile duct injuries sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy differ from those during open cholecystectomy?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Bile duct injuries sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy differ from those of open cholecystectomy. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of their experience with 124 major bile duct injuries to identify these differences. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Biliary injury in 83 patients (67%) was sustained during open cholecystectomy, while in 41 patients (33%), it occurred during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Intraoperative recognition was possible in 21 patients (25%) in the former group and in 14 patients (34%) in the latter (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The median time of presentation after laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 37 days v 240 days after open cholecystectomy (P < 0.001). Twenty-eight patients presented with external biliary fistulae in both groups. Spontaneous closure of these fistulae occurred in 21 patients (75%) in the open cholecystectomy group and in only 10 patients (36%) in the laparoscopic group (P < 0.01). Bismuth type III or IV injuries were the commonest type in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (N = 25; 61%) while Bismuth type I or II were the usual injuries in open cholecystectomy (N = 57; 69%) (P < 0.01). After hepaticojejunostomy, over a mean follow-up period of 3.4 years, stenosis of the hepaticojejunostomy was seen in two patients in both groups. CONCLUSION: Compared with open cholecystectomy, biliary injuries sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy are more likely to present earlier, are more often associated with persistent bile leaks, and are usually high injuries. However, the results of surgical repair do not appear to be different in these two groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Duodenal villous adenoma.

Duodenal villous adenomas are extremely rare (1/5th of small bowel tumors). In view of their strategic position and risk of malignancy, they require definitive management in specialized care units. We report a case of a 35 year old female patient with a large duodenal (5 cm) villous adenoma causing intussusception of duodenum (a phenomenon rare because of its anatomic location & fixation).

Adenoma, Villous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complicated choledochal cysts.

Choledochal cysts have a potential for causing a variety of complications. This article presents the incidence, types, and presentation of complications in patients with choledochal cysts and the results of surgery in these patients. Prospectively collected data of 81 patients with choledochal cysts treated at a tertiary care center were retrospectively analyzed. Sixteen (20% of surgical patients; 100% of study group) patients were found to have a complicated choledochal cyst that either manifested as an atypical presentation or necessitated a change in the treatment planning. Eight (50%) of these patients had complications of infective nature, and another 8 (50%) had noninfective complications. Fifteen (94%) patients with complications were adults and 11 (63%) patients had Todani type-IVa cysts; a cystic type of intrahepatic component in 10 patients. Five (31%) patients had undergone prior cystenteric drainage operations. Excision of the choledochal cyst was possible in 14 (88%) patients under both emergency and elective situations; cyst excision was performed in the second stage after an initial external drainage procedure in two of these patients. There was no mortality and no major postoperative complications. Complications of choledochal cysts are more likely in adult patients and in those with both intra- and extrahepatic cysts (Todani type-IVa). Despite the presence of complications, the choledochal cyst can be safely excised in a majority of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experience of surgical management of pseudo-aneurysms of branches of the coeliac axis in a North Indian Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Bleeding splanchnic artery pseudo-aneurysm is a rare but frequently fatal complication that can be successfully managed by angiographic embolization. However, certain patients because of hemodynamic instability, non-availability of technique or angiographic failure may require primary surgical intervention. METHOD: Retrospective review of 13 patients presenting with exsanguinating hemorrhage from ruptured pseudo-aneurysm arising from branches of coeliac axis, managed surgically in absence of angiographic embolization. RESULTS: Splenic artery was most commonly involved (n = 7) followed by hepatic (n = 3), gastroduodenal (n = 2) and left gastric artery (n = 1). The most common underlying aetiology was pancreatitis (n = 8, acute = 2; chronic = 6) followed by iatrogenic (n = 3), liver abscess (n = 1) and gastric ulcer (n = 1). Seven patients presented with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed, while 2 each with lower GI bleed, haemobilia and bleeding through tube drains. CT-scan accurately demonstrated the pseudo-aneurysm in 11 (84.6%) patients and additionally demonstrated the underlying pathology. The surgical management chiefly consisted of ligation of offending vessel and additional procedures directed at primary pathology. Overall, 77% patients had a favourable outcome while 23% died consequent to ongoing hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: Pseudo-aneurysm involving the branches of coeliac axis most commonly arises as a result of pancreatitis and affects splenic artery. CT-scan accurately demonstrates pseudo-aneurysm and associated pathology in majority of cases. Primary surgical management in the presence of hemodynamic instability and non-availability of angiographic embolization is a viable alternative.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous catheter drainage in pancreatic pseudocysts.

Percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) was performed in 12 pancreatic pseudocysts in 11 patients. The procedure was performed under realtime ultrasound guidance adopting a direct transperitoneal approach in all cases. Complete cure was achieved in 9 (75%) of the Pseudocysts drained. Success rate was higher in pseudocysts not communicating with the main pancreatic duct (MPD), 7 of 8 (87.5%) as compared to those with ductal communication, 2 of 4 (50%). The mean duration of catheter drainage was 14.2 days in the first group while it was significantly longer, (42.5 days) in the latter group. No death or major complication related to the procedure was encountered in the study. A single pseudocyst got infected after catheter insertion but it was treated successfully with antibiotics. The follow up period was 3-18 months with a mean of 6.8 months. PCD failed in 2 pseudocysts communicating with MPD and associated strictures in the MPD. In one case having no communication with MPD the procedure failed because the cyst had thick debris which could not be drained properly. PCD may be a safe and effective therapy in the management of pseudocysts with best results in those not communicating with the MPD. Communicating pseudocysts, also having strictures in MPD, should not be subjected to PCD.

Adult↗