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Biomedical subjects

A K Strelis

Publications and source records attributed to A K Strelis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Pulmonary tuberculosis in the indigenous population in the Republic of Tyva: clinical and social aspects].

The Republic of Tyva is a most poor tuberculosis region in the Russian Federation. The main epidemiological indices of this disease are 2.5-3 times greater than the average indices in Russia. A clinicoepidemiological analysis was conducted in the Tuvinians suffering from tuberculosis. Overall, the clinical picture of the nosological entities of pulmonary tuberculosis among the indigenous population corresponds to the present views of the pathomorphism of the disease. Essential epidemiological factors, such as the duration of the disease, the method of its detection, and comorbidity, are responsible for the development of the clinical signs of tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors studied functional characteristics of mononuclear leucocytes in patients with drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The study found decrease of the number of C3b- and Fcchi-receptorpositive monocytes and increase of their saturation activity in both categories of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after antituberculous therapy. The study revealed increase of interferons alpha and chi production and, at the same time, decrease of tumor necrosis factor alpha, which was more prominent in cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis, and depression of interleukin 2 secretion, more prominent during chemotherapy in cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Treatment outcomes in an integrated civilian and prison MDR-TB treatment program in Russia.

SETTING: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major problem in countries of the former Soviet Union in both the civilian and prison sectors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate outcomes of the MDR-TB treatment program (DOTS-Plus) in Tomsk, Russia. DESIGN: Retrospective case series of all patients enrolled in this program between 10 September 2000 and 10 September 2002. The program involves both the civilian and penitentiary TB services in Tomsk. Poor treatment outcome was defined as death, default and treatment failure. RESULTS: Among the 244 patients who received treatment, 77% were cured, 5% died, 7% failed, and 12% defaulted. In a multivariable analysis, alcohol consumption during treatment and the presence of both cavitary and bilateral disease were found to be the strongest predictors of poor treatment outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of civilian and penitentiary TB services in the Tomsk MDR-TB treatment program has resulted in high cure rates and low rates of default. However, alcohol use among patients with MDR-TB is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Better understanding and programmatic alcohol interventions are needed if large-scale treatment of MDR-TB is to be successful in areas with high rates of alcohol use disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Causes of death during tuberculosis treatment in Tomsk Oblast, Russia.

SETTING: Tuberculosis (TB) incidence and mortality in Russia have risen dramatically over the past 15 years. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors and causes of death among TB patients in Russia. DESIGN: A retrospective study conducted to determine the risk factors and causes of death in patients receiving TB therapy in Tomsk, Siberia. RESULTS: Of 1916 patients who initiated treatment between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2003, 183 (9.6%) died during treatment, 38 (21%) in the first week of therapy. Twenty-five per cent of deaths were not directly attributable to TB. Risk factors for death included older age, previous treatment for TB, multidrug resistance and alcoholism. CONCLUSIONS: The high death rate during TB treatment observed in this cohort likely reflects an increased risk of dying not only from TB, but also from comorbid conditions, such as alcoholism and cardiovascular disease. Overall, alcoholism and late presentation both contributed substantially to the mortality in this cohort.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

LPO and apoptosis during pulmonary tuberculosis.

LPO and apoptosis in blood mononuclear cells were studied in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before and during treatment with standard chemotherapeutics. Pulmonary tuberculosis was accompanied by LPO activation and intensification of apoptosis in lymphocytes and monocytes. These changes were observed before and after the course of intensive care. The intensity of lipid peroxidation retuned to normal, while activity of apoptosis remained high after therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[The cytogenic status of peripheral lymphocytes in pulmonary tuberculosis before and during chemotherapy].

The cytogenic status of peripheral lymphocytes was studied in 67 patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis. The latter was found to be attended by cytogenetic disorganization whose signs were present before and 2 months of intensive chemotherapy. In pulmonary tuberculosis, structural disorganization in the lymphocytic chromosomal apparatus was characterized by the elevated levels of cells and with changes in the structure and number of chromosomes. They are most pronounced in infiltrative and disseminated tuberculosis than in caseous pneumonia, as well as 2 months after rather than before chemotherapy. Patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis had also decreased lymphocytic activity of DNA reparation, followed by its normalization after a course of chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Laboratory service optimization in the implementation of a complex programme for detection and treatment patients with tuberculosis].

The paper presents a model of laboratory service in implementing a complex program aimed at detecting and treating patients with tuberculosis in the Tomsk Region. Organizational, methodological, and managerial measures to set up bacteriological stations and a main (reference) laboratory for microbiological sputum study in Tomsk, intensification of this work at all clinical-and-diagnostic laboratories of general health care facilities have improved the quality of the whole system detecting bacterial isolators and ensured a close organizational and methodological interaction between the therapeutic-and-diagnostic institutions of the general medical system and tuberculosis-controlling service.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

[Cytokine-producing activity of peripheral mononuclear leukocytes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before and during chemotherapy].

The paper presents the results of a study of spontaneous and stimulated production of TNF-alpha, INF-gamma, INF-alpha, IL-2 by peripheral mononuclear leukocytes in patients with disseminated destructive drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. It also shows marked changes in the levels the studied cytokines in relation to the type of a stimulant (lipopolysaccharide, phytohemagglutinin, tuberculin) and during antituberculous chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Vibration massage in the prevention of postresection complications and in the clinical rehabilitation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis after surgical interventions].

A new procedure has been developed for prevention of early postresectional complications and for clinical rehabilitation of patients with tuberculosis after surgical interventions. The procedure is based on a 13-14-day course of regional and systemic physiotherapy applied to a patient's respiratory organs and chest after surgery in a certain order with the use of tuberculostatic agents. Regional physiotherapy includes local massage of the root of the contralateral operated lung with a light vibromassage apparatus; systemic physiotherapy involves electric vibroacupressure of the whole circumference of the chest with a special device. Early postresection complications were significantly less frequently observed in the study group (n = 60) than in the control group (n = 50) (p < 0.01). The procedure reduces the likelihood of development of a number of pleuropulmonary events (atelectasis, non-specific pneumonia, residual postresection pleural cavity, bronchial fistulas) and promotes functional rehabilitation in patients.

Electrophysiology↗
PubMed2000

[Efficiency of international tuberculosis control programmes in the Tomsk Region].

Since 1994, international tuberculosis control programmes in the have been implemented in the Tomsk Region by using advanced experience in Russian phthisiology and foreign medicine by attracting many specialists of the British "Merlin" agency (London), New York Health Institute (USA). A program is financed from different funds of other countries (KNOW HOW, J. Soros, EU, British government, WHO) and from regional sources. The phthisiological doctrine has been changed, all tuberculosis control services in the region has been substantially restructured and integrated. A new concept of tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment has been developed. DOTS and DOTS-PLUS which form the present strategy of WHO to control this disease throughout the world have been developed.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

[New infrastructures in the system of organization of antituberculosis services].

To provide regular supplies of antituberculous drugs into the Tomsk region, the new infrastructure the Central Fund of Antituberculous Drugs has been founded on the basis of a regional antituberculosis dispensary. The main objectives of the Fund are to plan needs for antituberculous drugs, to provide their regular supplies, to monitor the records of receipts and expenses. The structure of the Fund is simple and includes only one pharmacist, 23 facilities of different levels are provided by drug. Analyzing the activity of the Fund shows that it copies with its facing tasks well and suggests that it is necessary to set up such funds.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1996

[International concept of antituberculous care organization for the Tomsk region's population].

The priorities of the international concept of organization of antituberculous care to the population of the Tomsk Region are as follows: detection of bacillar patients and their short-term intensive chemotherapy by the WHO categories; formation of a 6-month reserve of tuberculostatics and complete control over patients' drug use; diagnosis of diseases by the general medical network for patients' referrals by introducing indications for clinical examinations for tuberculosis and sputum tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, fluorographic studies of only risk group populations; tuberculin diagnosis among children aged 1-14 years from risk groups; BCG vaccination of the newborn and revaccination at the age of 6-7 years. Resource mobilization is essential. This includes: strengthening of basic service institutions and centralization of its structures; fund saving by reasonably reducing the beds in sanatoria and hospitals; extension of therapeutical and diagnostic services at the outpatient stage of a follow-up; decrease in the length of patients' medical examinations and in the number of groups registered at a tuberculous dispensary; intensification the work of a phtx11p4trist and a nurse with their salary increases.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of extrapleural thoracoplasty on the mechanical properties of lungs and ventilation indices in advanced fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis].

Basing on clinical data obtained on 42 patients, the authors prove the existence of changes in all the respiratory biomechanical parameters, primarily viscosity, in response to development of advanced fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis in the lungs. Disorders in the bronchopulmonary mechanics depend on the terms of collapsosurgical intervention and its efficacy. The viscosity-induced resistance to respiration results basically from inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree and bronchospasm. An increase in the bronchial resistance in the early postoperative period occurs both in effective and uneffective extrapleural thoracoplasty, while later on it is observed only after uneffective and corrective collapsosurgical interventions. Basic biomechanical parameters of respiration (total performance, extensibility, bronchial resistance) together with spirographic and clinicoroentgenological evidence can be of help in predicting the effect of the surgery itself. A positive response of collapsosurgical interventions on respiratory biomechanics can be judged from a persistent fall in total respiratory performance irrespective of surgical effectivity.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[The significance of cytochemical studies of the metals in blood neutrophilic granulocytes in the diagnosis of lung diseases].

Peripheral blood smears from healthy persons and patients with pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis were used for a cytochemical study of metals in neutrophils with the help of dithisone and chlortetracycline. The content of metals in these cells was increased in pneumonia and active tuberculosis, but was normal or decreased in non-active pulmonary tuberculosis. It is concluded that cytochemical reactions for metals may be used in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases.

Chlortetracycline↗