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Biomedical subjects

A Kacker

Publications and source records attributed to A Kacker.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Ectopic thymus presenting as a solid submandibular neck mass in an infant: case report and review of literature.

Solid ectopic cervical thymus is an extremely uncommon etiology of a neck mass in an infant. It occurs in the line of descent of the thymus from the angle of the mandible to the superior mediastinum. Nine cases of ectopic cervical thymus in infants have been reported in the literature. Only two of nine cases were solid, the remaining seven were thymic cysts. A preoperative diagnosis is seldom considered and is often misdiagnosed as a possible malignancy or a lymph node. We present a case of a 2-month-old infant with an asymptomatic enlarging right neck mass. Patient underwent complete excision of the mass.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1999

Multifocal angiosarcoma of the scalp: a case report and review of the literature.

Multifocal angiosarcoma of the scalp is uncommon. Its risk factors include a history of radiotherapy and possibly sun exposure. Angiosarcoma is an aggressive tumor with a high propensity for both local recurrence and distant metastasis. Overall, the prognosis is poor. The size of the lesion is an important prognostic factor. Treatment modalities include surgery with wide margins (with or without adjuvant therapy) and multidrug chemotherapy, followed by radiotherapy. The local failure rate is high.

Hemangiosarcoma↗
PubMed1999

Ductal eccrine carcinoma arising in the postaural area.

We describe the case of a 64-year-old man with a 1-year history of a postaural mass, which was diagnosed as ductal eccrine carcinoma. We also briefly describe the characteristics and treatment of this rare entity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Image-guided surgical navigation in otology and neurotology.

OBJECTIVE: To review the impetus for the development of image-guided surgical navigation, its technologies, and the few prior outcome studies, and to make recommendations for its role in otologic and neurotologic surgery. DATA SOURCES: A literature search of English language publications by Medline from 1966 to 1998, using the key words: stereotactic, stereotaxy, navigation, intraoperative, and surgery. DATA EXTRACTION: Attempted review of the literature on image-guided surgical navigation in otology and neurotology revealed little relevant data. CONCLUSION: There are many possible applications for image-guided surgical navigation in otology and neurotology, but technologic limitations preclude its extensive application. There are no data available that assesses whether image-guided surgical navigation can reduce operative time, hospital stay, or cost. Clinical outcomes have not been studied in patients with otologic and neurotologic disease. In this scenario, image-guided surgical navigation is an adjuvant tool that aids in navigation of the skull base but is not a substitute for sound surgical principles and knowledge of microsurgical anatomy.

Bias↗
PubMed1998

Influence of size and etiology of glottal gap in glottic incompetence dysphonia.

This study investigates the relationship between glottal gap and vocal function in patients with glottic incompetence dysphonia. Twenty patients with vocal fold paralysis (VFP), 17 patients with vocal fold atrophy (VFA), and five patients with sulcus vocalis (SV) were examined. Glottal gap area at the most closed point of vibration was measured using digitized videostroboscopic images. Glottal gap area was correlated with acoustic and aerodynamic measures of vocal function. Patients with VFP had the largest glottal gaps and had significantly worse vocal function than did the patients with VFA or SV. Regardless of groups, however, where glottal gap size was similar, there was no difference in vocal function. Therefore vocal function was mainly influenced by glottal gap size, not by whether glottic incompetence was the result of VFP, VFA, or SV.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1997

Vocal fold atrophy: quantitative glottic measurement and vocal function.

Videostroboscopic glottic measurements and vocal function were evaluated in 41 vocal fold atrophy patients with bowed vocal folds. The amount of bowing in the resting position and the glottal gap area and vibratory amplitude during phonation were measured from digitized videostroboscopic images. Vibratory amplitude was not decreased on atrophic vocal folds. With the same amount of total bowing, the glottal gap area for bilateral atrophy was smaller than for unilateral atrophy. These results suggest that vocal fold atrophy is not disadvantageous to thyroplasty type I, and that bilateral procedures may produce a better outcome than a unilateral procedure in the treatment of bilateral atrophy. Acoustic, aerodynamic, and perceptual parameters of vocal function were measured. The acoustic high-frequency power ratio and the H-index correlated with the glottal gap area. The mean flow rate correlated with the amount of bowing. The degree of dysphonia was related to the size of the glottal gap and bowing.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Singing power ratio: quantitative evaluation of singing voice quality.

This paper presents a parameter for objectively evaluating singing voice quality. Power spectrum of vowel sound /a/ was analyzed by Fast Fourier Transform. The greatest harmonics peak between 2 and 4 kHz and the greatest harmonics peak between 0 and 2 kHz were identified. Power ratio of these peaks, termed singing power ratio (SPR), was calculated in 37 singers and 20 nonsingers. SPR of sung /a/ in singers was significantly greater than in nonsingers. In singers, SPR of sung /a/ was significantly greater than that of spoken /a/. By digital signal processing, power spectrum of sung /a/ was varied, and the processed sounds were perceptually analyzed. SPR had a significant relationship with perceptual scores of "ringing" quality. SPR provides an important quantitative measurement for evaluating singing voice quality for all voice types, including soprano.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Atypical intramuscular lipoma of the tongue.

Lipomatous tumours of the tongue are rare and most of them are benign ordinary lipomas. In this report, we describe the first case of atypical lipoma of the tongue in a 78-year-old male, and review the current literature and controversies surrounding the nomenclature and biology of this unusual lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Quantitative videostroboscopic measurement of glottal gap and vocal function: an analysis of thyroplasty type I.

The goal of surgical medialization of the vocal fold is to attain complete glottic closure. The purpose of this study is to quantify the glottal gap and to examine the relationship between glottal gap and vocal function perioperatively in thyroplasty type I. Glottal gap area was measured in 20 patients at the point of maximum closure of vocal fold vibration in digitized laryngeal stroboscopic images and was normalized by the square of vocal fold length. Glottal gap area thus measured was correlated with results obtained from well-accepted acoustic, aerodynamic, and perceptual measures of vocal function. The glottal gap was significantly reduced after thyroplasty type I. In patients with small preoperative glottal gaps, the amplitude of vocal fold vibration was significantly improved. This study verifies that quantitative videostroboscopic measurement of the glottal gap is a useful means of objective evaluation of glottic incompetence and of the results of thyroplasty type I.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1996

The management of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.

Postoperative hypocalcemia was studied in 40 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for a malignancy or massive goiter. Parameters evaluated included serum calcium, phosphate and magnesium levels. All patients exhibited a postoperative decline in serum calcium, however, the lowest serum calcium level was not seen until 48 hours after surgery. Serum calcium levels returned to normal in five to six days after surgery in 37 patients. Five patients required calcium supplementation for either symptomatic hypocalcemia or serum calcium levels lower than 7.0 mg/dl. Only three of these five patients were discharged home on oral calcium supplements. In this series, we discovered that the critical period for monitoring of serum calcium was 24 to 96 hours after surgery. If serum calcium replacement was not needed in the first 72 hours after surgery, it would not be needed during the remainder of the patient's hospital course. In addition, we found that serum magnesium levels should also be monitored in the postoperative period and corrected if low.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Tongue paralysis following head trauma.

Paralysis of the tongue due to isolated bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy is a rare occurrence. Due to a trauma the cause in our case may have been a traction injury to both hypoglossal nerves at the base of skull. In some cases a contributing factor may be malformation of the skull base. Most cases have a good prognosis for recovery.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗
PubMed1993

Melanotic neuro-ectodermal tumour of infancy arising from the squamous and occipital bone.

The melanotic neuro-ectodermal tumour of infancy is an uncommon benign tumour of neural crest origin occurring in infants with a predilection for the anterior maxilla. This lesion shows a good response to conservative surgical excision with few recurrences but it should be followed up for long periods of time because of the rare malignant change possible in the tumour.

Humans↗