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Biomedical subjects

A Kapila

Publications and source records attributed to A Kapila.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Flexed sitting maneuver for complete lumbar myelography in patients with severe spinal stenosis and apparent block.

A new technique has been designed to improve myelography examinations of the entire lumbar spinal canal in patients with severe spinal stenosis using a single needle puncture. When a high-grade obstruction to the caudal flow of contrast material is encountered, the patient is placed in a flexed sitting position for 1 minute. This technique was performed in eight patients with severe lumbar spinal stenosis. It successfully helped depict the lower lumbosacral canal below an apparently complete block in four patients and resulted in improved visualization of the lower sac in four patients with partial block.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Radiology of the ambient cistern. Part I: Normal.

The angiographic and high-resolution, thin-section CT appearance of the normal ambient cistern is correlated with anatomic dissections and sections of normal, formalin-fixed cadaver brains. Each of three separate anatomic segments of the ambient cistern--the supratentorial segment, the tentorial edge and the subtentorial segment--has a characteristic CT appearance that can be correlated with specific vascular structures on routine angiography.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Soft-tissue abnormalities of the external auditory canal: subject review of CT findings.

We review the normal anatomy and discuss characteristic findings of soft-tissue abnormalities of the external auditory canal (EAC). The indications for computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bone have been significantly expanded with the inclusion of soft-tissue abnormalities of the external ear and the auditory canal. Soft-tissue abnormalities of the EAC that can be evaluated with CT include atresia, edema, hemorrhage, fracture, posttraumatic or infection-caused keloid, malignant external otitis, hemangioma, lymphangioma, papilloma, keratosis obturans, acquired cholesteatoma, adenoma, ceruminoma, fibroma, mixed tumor, sarcoma, and basal cell, squamous cell, or adenocystic carcinoma. CT scans of 25 patients who had soft-tissue abnormalities of the EAC were reviewed. The clinical data were correlated with the radiographic findings. We conclude that CT is the best overall radiographic modality for evaluating the extent and character of soft-tissue abnormalities of the EAC. Significant clinical information that is helpful in patient management decisions is added by this technique.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Meckel's cave epidermoid with trigeminal neuralgia: CT findings.

An epidermoid tumor of Meckel's cave was found in a middle-aged woman with trigeminal neuralgia. On CT the lesion had negative attenuation numbers of fat and extended from an expanded Meckel's cave through the porous trigeminus into the ambient and cerebellopontine angle cisterns. Surgical excision provided relief of the patient's trigeminal neuralgia.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

The Meckel cave: computed tomographic study. Part I: Normal anatomy; Part II: Pathology.

A formalin-fixed cadaver head with air filling the cisternal and ventricular spaces was scanned by high-resolution computed tomography (CT) in multiple planes (axial, coronal, and sagittal) through the Meckel cave. Correlation of the CT appearance of the Meckel cave was made with an anatomic dissection and whole-head band saw cross-sections. The appearance of the Meckel caves in normal patients was defined using similar high-resolution CT technique with intravenous and intrathecal contrast enhancement. CT techniques allowed consistent and accurate definition of the Meckel cave, the fifth cranial nerve, and adjacent anatomic structures. CT findings of 13 patients with lesions of the Meckel cave are also reviewed, including six trigeminal schwannomas, three meningiomas, two secondary tumors, one glioma, and one congenital fatty tumor. Surgical confirmation was present in 11 cases. Diagnosis and determination of the extent of Meckel cave lesions is possible with the use of high-resolution CT.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗
PubMed1983

Brainstem and related structures: normal CT anatomy using direct longitudinal scanning with metrizamide cisternography.

A method for direct longitudinal imaging of the cisternal spaces surrounding the brainstem and related structures by CT was developed for use with metrizamide. Multiple 1.5-mm or 5-mm sections were obtained at a 70 degrees angle to the anthropologic baseline, allowing excellent visualization of the brainstem, the cranial nerves, the parasellar structures, and the cerebellum. Thin section, high resolution CT scans of a formalin-fixed normal cadaver head were obtained, and the specimen was then dissected in the same tomographic plane for correlation with normal anatomy. The technique described produces a simple, highly accurate evaluation of the normal and pathologic anatomy of the brainstem and adjacent structures. The method of study allows for visualization of structures and relationships previously unattainable by any other clinical radiographic imaging technique.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1982

Enlarged cerebrospinal fluid spaces in infants with subdural hematomas.

Computed tomography in 16 infants with subdural hematomas showed enlarged basal cisterns, a wide interhemispheric fissure, prominent cortical sulci, and varying degrees of ventricular enlargement. Radionuclide cisternography in eight of the 16 patients showed findings consistent with enlargement of the subarachnoid space rather than those of communicating hydrocephalus. Clinical findings and brief follow-up showed no convincing evidence for cerebral atrophy in 13 patients. These findings suggest that the enlarged subarachnoid space, which is encountered in some infants and may be a developmental variant, predisposes such infants to subdural hematomas.

Brain↗
PubMed1982

Radiologic demonstration of the dorsal medullocervical spur in adult Chiari malformation.

An adolescent female with downbeat nystagmus and long tract signs was evaluated by a number of diagnostic radiologic procedures. Metrizamide CT cisternography was the procedure that established the diagnosis by showing not only the tonsillar herniation, but also the medullocervical deformity characteristic of the Chiari type II malformation. This case report emphasizes the superior diagnostic capability of this technique with respect to conventional radiography in the diagnosis of Arnold-Chiari malformation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of EMG and SCL in normal and depressed subjects.

Skin conductance level (SCL) and electromyograms (EMGs) recorded from three muscle sites were compared for 15 female hospitalized psychiatric patients meeting diagnostic criteria for primary affective disorder and 15 age-and race-matched controls. The depressed subjects had significantly lower SCL and significantly higher resting EMG levels recorded from one muscle site. Electromyogram and SCL were not found to be significantly correlated with each other or with measures of anxiety or depression for the patients with primary affective disorder. Normal controls, however, showed significant correlations between a measure of depression and both EMG and SCL. These results are discussed with suggestions for future research.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clivus fracture: CT demonstration.

A transverse fracture of the clivus through the region of the fused sphenooccipital synchondrosis involving the carotid canals was studied by CT. The patient also had bilateral temporal bone fractures with otorrhea and a carotid cavernous fistula. The literature related to clivus fractures is reviewed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuropathic spinal arthropathy: CT and MR findings.

The CT and magnetic resonance findings of neuropathic spinal arthropathy in a patient with long-standing complete post-traumatic paraplegia are reported. The arthropathy involved primarily the disk space between the 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae. The CT changes included vertebral body sclerosis with foci of bone destruction, replacement of the disk space by a soft tissue mass containing bone fragments extending beyond the confines of the vertebral body margins, degenerative changes of the posterior joints, a partially calcified progressively enlarging paraspinal soft tissue mass, and calcification within the spinal canal.

Arthropathy, Neurogenic↗