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Biomedical subjects

A Karsza

Publications and source records attributed to A Karsza.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Pulsed Neodimium-Yag laser in the management of ureteral calculi].

The authors report their experience with the laser smashing of 105 ureteral calculi between Sept. 1 1989 and Sept. 30 1992. Applying the pulsating Nd-Yag laser through an ureteroscope as a monotherapy, they have obtained good results in 83% of the cases. Using complementary methods in addition, the successful elimination of calculi was 95%. The possible complications are discussed and the advantages and disadvantages of the different energy sources used for smashing the calculi are compared. On the basis of their results, the authors consider that endoscopic treatment of ureteral calculi may be indicated even in the era of extracorporeal stonesmashing. They stress that endoscopic operations are only preferable compared to ESWL-treatment if all indispensable devices are available: energy sources and thin, flexible devices for energy conduction. Among them--literature confirms it--laser-energy is the most expedient and least invasive. Laser was first applied for smashing ureteral calculi in Hungary.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Nd. Yag treatment of bladder tumors].

Between 1989 and 1992 116 patients suffering from tumours of the bladder were treated with Nd. Yag laser. In 74 cases only laser treatment was applied, in 42 cases the laser treatment was combined with transurethral resection (TUR). The patients were in the phases TA, T1, T2 and in the majority of them the histological examination did not reveal grade 3. No considerable complications, e. g. perforation of the bladder or important haemorrhages were observed during laser treatment. After laser and TUR + laser treatment, respectively, relapses occurred in 16-19% of the cases, considerably less than after treatment carried out with TUR exclusively.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Nd-Yag laser treatment of bladder tumours.

Between 1989 and 1992, 116 patients suffering from bladder tumours had been treated with Nd-Yag laser. In 74 cases only laser treatment was applied, in 42 cases laser treatment was combined with transurethral resection (TUR). The patients were in phases Ta, T1 or T2 and in the majority of them histological examination did not reveal Grade 3. No considerable complications, e.g. perforation of the bladder or severe haemorrhages, were observed during laser treatment. After laser and TUR+laser treatment, respectively, relapses occurred in 16-19% of the cases, considerably less frequently than after treatment with only TUR.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Indications for organ-conserving operations in cases of kidney tumors in the age of radical surgery].

The authors analyze the experiences of 29 operations of malign renal tumors, performed during the last 10 years conservating the organs. In 20 cases the conservation of the organ was indicated by necessity due to some diseases or the lack of the contralateral kidney, and in 9 cases due to the small extension of the tumor. The authors reveal their experiences on preoperative examinations; they discuss some questions of surgical techniques and describe their system of patient control. Based upon their experiences, in selected cases they consider indicated conservation of the organ, if the tumor can be extirpated ablastically.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1991

Endoscopic diagnosis and therapy of urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract (an analyses of our own cases with literary review).

The authors review the importance of ureteropyeloscopy and nephroscopy in the diagnostics and endoscopic treatment of urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract, in view of their two-year experience and discuss indications and technical difficulties compared to those described in the literature. Practice is demonstrated with the description of two cases. Follow-up and care-tactics are detailedly described.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of 1000 percutaneous nephrostomies with a special view to efficiency and complications.

The authors summarize the experience gained with 100 percutaneous nephrostomies including the evaluation of the efficiency of the applied technique, complications and the possibilities to decrease the number of complications in 900 nephrolithotomies. Discussing efficiency, they stress the importance of appropriate indication, to which low failure rate (3%) is attributed. In the prevention of complications accessories are of importance. Experience has shown that the number of perforations in the cavity system can significantly be decreased in multi-operated, cicatrized kidney--where perforations occur most frequently--with the use of the Amplatz dilator system. This type of dilator system is also recommended to unexperienced endoscopic specialists for use in primary cases. Favourable experience was gained with the use of the so-called swab balloon catheter in haemorrhages from nephrostomy. In the end they give a summary of the present fields of application of this technique and its role in the treatment of nephrolithiasis.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1991

Use of different types of dilator systems in the prevention of complications of percutaneous (PC) renal surgery.

The authors deal with the causes of frequent complications observed in 1300 PCN performed. The retrospective study focuses on haemorrhagic and perforative complications. Relation between the type of the applied dilator system and the frequency of complications was observed. Emphasis should be put on the preliminary mapping of anatomical conditions and the use of appropriate dilator system. In the case of cicatrized, multioperated kidneys the application of Amplatz polyethylen dilator system is recommended, especially if the operating surgeon is unexperienced. In primary cases and developmental disorders the use of Alken telescopic dilator is recommended. They have favourable early experiences with balloon dilatation of the parenchyma.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1988

CO2 laser in surgery of the renal parenchyma. A preliminary report.

The experiences of renal parenchymal surgery performed by CO2 laser knife are reported. A short surgery is given of the preliminaries of the use of CO2 laser in urological practice and of the biological effects of the laser beam. The coagulating effect of the laser beam in the cases of nephrotomy, polar resection, heminephrectomy, adrenal resection and of cavernotomy was studied and the incision time of the parenchyma measured. The amount of blood lost comparing with that during traditional operative techniques, was found to be essentially smaller. It is stressed that, in some cases, the compression of the renal peduncle could be avoided. Favourable experiences were obtained with interventions on an inflamed renal substance. This paper has been intended to be a preliminary report, with the detailed histological and isotope functional examinations to be presented later.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Percutaneous technique in the diagnostics and therapy of renal diseases.

Based on the literature and of their own experience, authors deal with the possibility of the percutaneous approach of renal diseases. Of the diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, they report their experience regarding percutaneous nephrolithotomic investigative methods employed in the differential diagnosis of renal masses. During a period of one-and-a-half years, percutaneous nephrostomy was performed in 130 cases, of them in 64 for removing stones. In 48 cases of renal tumours revealed to be cystous structures by ultrasonography, puncture controlled by ultrasound was made. Based on the cytological and chemical analyses of the samples obtained by puncture, exploration was made in 6 cases for suspicion of malignancy. The requirements of the application of the percutaneous technique is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Surgical indication of dilatations in the renal cavity system.

The authors report on the results of examining 20 patients with dilatation of the pelvic cavity associated with developmental anomalies of the kidney. The results are evaluated from the point of view of the indication and the selected type of the operation. The importance of diuretic urography and renography is pointed out in demonstrating the obstruction. Beside isotope gamma camera examinations, the renal function was assessed through determination of the acidifying and concentrating ability of the kidney. The intraoperative pressure measurement in the pelvic cavity is a valuable aid in selecting the adequate type of operation. Finally, the indications of reconstructive operations were outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Study of renal acidification in various urological clinical pictures.

The authors performed acid loading examinations in 40 patients with obstructive nephropathy and in 47 recurrent Ca-stone-formers. In 16 of their patients (in 13 patients, 14.9%) results characteristic of incomplete RTA were found. Regression analyses on the pH-TA and pH-AD values of the results of controls were made. Comparison of the data of the healthy and patient groups was made by statistical analysis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1984

Return of renal function after relief of obstruction.

Authors investigated the degree of restoration of renal function in 30 patients after relief of unilateral obstruction of different duration and degree. In order to evaluate the renal function they investigated the distal-tubular functions. Separated renal function examinations were made with the help of nephrostomical catheters, which were inserted partly with diagnostical partly with therapeutical purposes. The same parameters of the opposite kidney served as control. After relief of obstruction the examinations were repeated weekly in order to evaluate the repair of renal function. Based on their results, it was established that the degree of glomerular filtration is unchanged even after a month. The concentrating and acidifying ability of the kidney showed a further tendency to repair as compared to the values measured a week after relief. Not even a parameter changed in the following period over a month. They have the opinion that, contrary to the results of animal experiments, the values measured after a week of relief of obstruction are not final ones. In most cases 3 or 4 weeks are necessary for the kidney to reach a constant renal function on the basis of which a definitive operation plan can be made.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Renal distal tubular acidosis in obstructive nephropathy.

The acidifying capacity of the kidney was studied in patients with obstructive nephropathy. After a loading test with ammonium chloride, incomplete renal tubular acidosis (RTA) could be observed in 22.5% and stone formation in 30% of the patients with renal tubular acidosis. Attention is called to the fact that, in addition to the known anatomical and physicochemical factors, the alkali fixed urine due to incomplete tubular acidosis due to urinary tract obstruction also predisposes to calculus formation.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1983

Paralimbic nephrotomy. Preliminary report.

This preliminary report discusses a method which unites the advantages of the surgical procedures introduced by Gil Vernet and Boyce for the transparenchymal removal of staghorn calculi. The significance of the length of the incision involving the parenchyma and the reduced thickness of the incised parenchyma are stressed. The urine collecting system (pyelocalyceal system) is explored through the renal pelvis making all the calyces well visible. Stones from the kidney can be removed and any anatomical alteration of the pyelocalyceal system is easily noticed. The worsening or improvement of the parenchymal function was assessed in gamma (ionization) chamber isotope studies and with intravenous urography. The restricted bleeding during the operation is attributed to the difference in blood supply between the limbus and other parts of the parenchyma.

Adult↗