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Biomedical subjects

A Kayser

Publications and source records attributed to A Kayser.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Continuation and maintenance treatment of major depression with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine: a double-blind placebo-controlled discontinuation study.

Long-term treatment with antidepressant drugs has received little attention until recently. A study is reported comparing the effectiveness of maintenance treatment with phenelzine in responding major depression patients. If they responded initially to nonblind phenelzine treatment and sustained remission for 16 weeks, patients were randomized to 2-year double-blind treatment with phenelzine 60 mg/day, phenelzine 45 mg/day, or placebo. Both doses of phenelzine were significantly better than placebo in preventing relapse of depression. Phenelzine 45 mg/day may be an optimal maintenance dose for many patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The influence of panic attacks on response to phenelzine and amitriptyline in depressed outpatients.

A total of 169 depressed outpatients completed a 6-week double-blind study designed to compare the relative efficacy of a tricyclic antidepressant (amitriptyline) with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (phenelzine). Various "target" symptoms reported to predict preferential response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors were assessed. The major finding within the whole patient sample, based on results from serial self-report and interviewer-rated scales, was that phenelzine-treated patients showed greater improvements in anxiety symptoms than did patients treated with amitriptyline. Because of the heterogeneity of the sample, patients were classified into homogeneous subgroups of clinical interest. Data analyses of these subgroups detected important drug treatment differences not discernible by analysis of data from the overall sample. Panic attacks and corresponding anxiety symptoms were reported by about one third of the patients, more often by patients with major depression than with minor depression. Patients who reported "spells of terror or panic" responded preferentially to phenelzine on several measures, particularly on items measuring anxiety. Results suggest that phenelzine may be a preferred drug for treating depressed patients with panic attacks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

ATP-independent type II topoisomerase from trypanosomes.

We have characterized in Trypanosoma cruzi a DNA topoisomerase capable of decatenating complex trypanosomal kinetoplast DNA networks in the absence of ATP. The enzymatic activity requires Mg2+ and K+. Using a defined DNA topoisomer we showed that the linking number changes by steps of 2, which characterizes the enzyme as a type II topoisomerase. The enzyme can catenate supercoiled DNA molecules, unknot DNA, and cleave double-stranded DNA. The enzyme has no ATPase activity. The native enzyme has an Mr of about 200,000. Crude extracts and partially purified fractions contain an aggregating factor that can substitute spermidine in catenating reactions. Because of the presence of this factor, the kinetoplast DNA can only be decatenated by purified fractions. The enzyme is inhibited by certain drugs and provides a potential target for chemotherapy. Such an enzyme was also characterized in Trypanosoma equiperdum.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1986

[A DNA topoisomerase from trypanosomes able to catenate, decatenate and unknot DNA without ATP].

A novel DNA-topoisomerase from Trypanosoma cruzi was partially purified. The enzyme, without ATP addition, catalyzes decatenation of kinetoplast DNA, catenation of circular supercoiled DNAs and unknotting of P4 phage DNA. The presence of Mg++ is required as well as a suitable concentration of KCl. In stoichiometric conditions the trypanosome enzyme induces double-strand DNA cleavage. The reaction is highly stimulated by some chemicals. Such characteristics allow to include this enzyme into the type II class of DNA-topoisomerases.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1979

Diurnal variations of estriol and cortisol in serum and urine in late pregnancy with and without fenoterol-therapy.

The serum concentration of unconjugated estriol, total estriol, cortisol in one hour intervals and the urinary excretion of total estrogens and cortisol in three hour intervals was determined in eleven apparently healthy women between 26 and 40 weeks of gestation. They were divided into two groups, in order to study the influence of Fenoterol treatment on the daily variation of the measured parameters. Six patients were treated with Fenoterol and five patients received no medication. Between the two groups no statistical differences could be detected for the measured parameters. Regular and marked diurnal variations in cortisol have been observed, whereas total and unconjugated estriol showed small and irregular daily changes. These daily variations of "estriol" were of the same magnitude as the two-fold methodical standard deviation. For this reason it is not necessary to standardize the sampling time.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1978

[Spirochetes: coiling direction].

On electron micrographs of spirochetes, the axial fibers are alternatively visible and hidden, i.e. above then under the cytoplasmic cylinder. From this observation the sense of coiling can be inferred. Leptospires are right-handed structures. So are other spirochetes, but it is less conspicuous. The opposite, however, appears on most published photographs and on schematic drawings. The explanation would be that the preparation introduced into the electron microscope was not facing the photographic plate, but turned to the electron beam. Also the picture must not be turned over, neither in the photographic laboratory nor when used as a slide.

Leptospira↗