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Biomedical subjects

A Killander

Publications and source records attributed to A Killander.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in adults with daunorubicin-DNA complex: a preliminary report.

Forty-four adult patients under 60 years of age with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia were randomized for induction treatment with one of the following three regimens: R 1 = courses of daunorubicin on day 1 + ARA-C on days 1--5; R 2 = courses of daunorubicin on days 1 and 2 + ARA-C on days 4--8; R 3 = courses of daunorubicin-DNA complex on days 1--2 + ARA-C on days 4--8. Out of 14 patients, 9 went into remission on R 1, 6 out of 14 on R 2, and 8 out of 16 on R 3. The preliminary results suggest that daunorubicin-DNA complex has the same efficacy for inducing remission as daunorubicin alone, if the same time intervals and dosages are used.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Serum ferritin during infection. A longitudinal study in renal transplant patients.

In order to follow the dynamics in the reaction of iron kinetic variables to acute infection, 8 renal transplantation patients were followed with test samples every second or third day for about two months. It was found that they just as previously shown in otherwise healthy subjects, responded to acute infection with a rise in serum ferritin levels, sometimes to very high values. In most cases the ferritin elevation started within two days after the onset of fever. The peak was reached within a week, except when very high values were obtained. The fall in serum ferritin after recovery from infection was much faster than in previously investigated groups of patients: the plasma half disappearance time for ferritin in one case was but 1.5 days. Transferrin did not change in response to infection. The expected fall in serum iron during infection was often absent and sometimes obscured by unexpected, sharp peaks in serum iron, which bore a temporal relationship to episodes of transplant rejection in 7 of 12 cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Oxymetholone treatment in myelofibrosis.

In order to study the effect of oxymetholone therapy in advanced myelofibrosis, 11 patients (4 females, 7 males) were given, 3--5 mg per kg body weight, long-term oxymetholone treatment in a prospective multicenter study. Five cases had previously had a diagnosis of polycythemia vera. All patients had anemia initially, 4 leukocytopenia and 10 thrombocytopenia in addition. Hepato-splenomegaly was present in all cases but in varying degree. Five patients required regular blood transfusions before treatment. In 9 of the 15 courses given, there was normalization of the peripheral blood or substantial improvement (better than 3 g hemoglobin/dl or 50 X 10(9) platelets/1) after androgens. Significant effects were noted both on hemoglobin values and platelet counts. The need for blood transfusions ceased completely in all 5 cases. When oxymetholone treatment was reduced or interrupted 4 patients relapsed; 2 of them responded to a renewed course. The red cell counts returned to previous polycythemic values in one patient and another died from acute leukemia. The results of this study suggest that androgens might be of value in advanced cases of myelofibrosis with transfusion-requiring anemia or severe thrombocytopenia.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Serum ferritin levels in male blood donors: relation to number of phlebotomies and iron supplementation.

Serum ferritin estimation has been shown to be a reliable test to reveal iron deficiency. Such estimations have been made in groups of male blood donors with a varying number of previous phlebotomies and a mean interval between donations of 9.9 +/- 1.7 SD weeks. It was found that the mean ferritin level was significantly (p less than 0.001) lower in the blood donors than in nondonors. After 6-8 phlebotomies it was about 40% lower. Subnormal ferritin values were found in 10% of the donors, almost exclusively among those who had taken less than 1,000 mg of iron supplementation since the last donation. It is concluded that with a donation interval of about 10 weeks, there is a considerable risk for iron deficiency after about 6 donations. This risk is far less if more than 1,000 mg of iron supplementation is taken between phlebotomies. A role for serum ferritin estimation in monitoring donation intervals and/or iron therapy is suggested.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1978

Serum ferritin during infection. A longitudinal study.

Serum ferritin, transferrin, iron and haptoglobin have been investigated in a longitudinal study in 18 patients hospitalized for various acute infections. Within a couple of days after the onset of an infection, a rise in serum ferritin was seen, the magnitude of which was not dependent on the type of infection (bacterial or viral). The serum ferritin level remained elevated for several weeks in some patients, and 7 out of the 18 patients still had abnormally high values 5 weeks after the onset of illness. The mean curves for serum ferritin and the acute phase reactant haptoglobin were parallel. Possible mechanisms causing the elevation in serum ferritin are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Ferastral treatment of three healthy phlebotomized males.

Iron deficiency anaemia was produced by repeated phlebotomies in three healthy males. The storage iron was estimated as 666, 522 and 750 mg. After treatment with 1 000 mg of Ferastral the blood haemoglobin concentration rose at an average daily rate of 0.1 g/100 ml/day. Ninety per cent of the injected iron could be accounted for, and the utilization was estimated to about 70-80%. Side effects comprised pain and discolouration at the injection site.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Serum ferritin and erythrocyte 2,3-DPG during quantitated phlebotomy and iron treatment.

Serum ferritin and erythrocyte 2,3-DPG levels were followed in 3 healthy males who were phlebotomized to iron depletion and a moderate anaemia. In 2 of the subjects, the expected rise in DPG levels was seen but not in the third, in spite of a Hb concentration of 95 g/1. Serum ferritin levels were found to reflect changes in iron stores, and subnormal serum ferritin indicated depleted iron stores. However, there was no correlation between pre-phlebotomy ferritin levels and calculated iron stores. The conclusion is that no fixed ratio can be established between serum ferritin and iron stores. A single ferritin value within the normal range does not tell how large iron stores a person has. Changes in an individual's iron stores can, however, be detected by repeated ferritin estimations.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Anaemia in middle-aged men. Prevalence and aetiology in a population study.

A health examination survey showed that 5.7% of 2322 middle-aged men had a haematocrit value below 40%. Only 1.2% had two consecutive low values. 14 men had no bone marrow haemosiderin and increased their haematocrits following iron therapy. In 13 men with no cause of the anaemia detected there was also a significant increase in haematocrit following therapy. The true prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in this population may be estimated to about 1%.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Hypersensitive reactions and antibody formation during L-asparaginase treatment of children and adults with acute leukemia.

One hundred and fourteen patients with acute leukemia, 57 children (10 AML and 47 ALL) and 57 adults (37 AML and 20 ALL) were treated with L-asparaginase (Asnase) 200 or 1000 IU/kg daily for 30 days unless withdrawn on account of side effects. Combinations with other cytotoxic drugs were used in all but eight patients. Hypersensitive reactions, decrease in Asnase activity in plasma, and bivalent antibodies to Asnase appeared more frequently in adults (28%, 46%, and 79%, respectively) than in children (16%, 17%, and 25% respectively). There was a clear association between these three parameters. Thus hypersensitive reactions generally developed at the time of or after the decrease in plasma Asnase activity. Antibodies were detected only where Asnase activity had disappeared from the plasma. This time sequence, and in vitro experiments, suggest the formation of antigen-antibody complexes which might be responsible for inactivation of Asnase and for the development of hypersensitive reactions. However in many cases antibodies were found without concomitant enzyme inactivation or hypersensitive reactions. Antibodies to Asnase of IgE type (reagins) were found in only 10 children and 6 adults. There was no correlation between hypersensitive reactions, decrease in Asnase activity, and IgE antibodies. The frequency of remission among patients developing bivalent antibodies to Asnase was 68% (13/19) in contrast to 27% (3/11) among patients whose sera contained no detectable antibodies to Asnase, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Rarity of anaemia of pregnancy in Ethiopia.

Hb and PCV values were studied in three groups of Addis Ababa women during their last month of pregnancy and compared with those in a control group of non-pregnant Addis Ababa women. Irrespective of socio-economic group and parity, the Hb and PCV values were almost identical in all four groups. In one of the three test groups, a group of 'non-privileged' multiparae, S-iron, S-transferrin (TIBC), S-folate and S-vitamin B12 were also examined and showed normal values. These findings indicate a rarity not only of true anaemia but also of 'physiological anaemia of pregnancy'. This latter may not, therefore, be an adaptive phenomenon of regular occurrence as has usually been assumed hitherto. The explanation for the aberrant haematological behavior in pregnant women living in highland Ethiopia is probably the lifelong exposure to a very high iron intake combined with hypoxia due to the high altitude.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Oxymetholone treatment in aregenerative anaemia. II. Remission and survival--a prospective study.

This is a prospective multi-center study in which patients with aregenerative anaemia were treated with a standardized high dosage regime of an anabolic steroid (oxymetholone, Anasteron). 53 patients were included and divided into two groups according to bone marrow cellularity. Furthermore the hypocellular group was subdivided in order to make comparison with earlier studies possible. In the hypocellular group, the frequency of remission was 56% and the 2-year-survival from the onset of symptoms was 75%. This is longer than in some earlier studies, perhaps because of possible differences in etiology and/or because of the effect of systematic high dosage, long term androgen therapy. Patient selection was minimized and was not considered to be of major importance. Patients with hypercellular marrows, on the other hand, responded poorly to androgens. In this group 63% died of acute leukaemia, which confirms earlier suggestions that this form of aregenerative anaemia, frequently is of a preleukaemic nature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

L-asparaginase and prednisolone pretreatment followed by rubidomycin and cytosine arabinoside for induction of remission in adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia.

77 unselected adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML), including practically all AML patients from an area with 1.9 million inhabitants, were randomized for either (1) 5 days pretreatment with 1-asparaginase and prednisolone followed by a combination of rubidomycin and cytosine arabinoside (ARAP), or (2) treatment with a combination of rubidomycin, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone without 1-asparaginase pretreatment (RAP). Complete remission was induced with ARAP in 12 patients (31%) and with RAP in 13 patients (34%). Thus pretreatment with 1-asparaginase did not improve the therapeutic response. The overall remission frequency was significantly higher below the age of 60; 50% compared to 13% above this age. Side-effects such as liver dysfunction, nausea and vomiting were more common in patients pretreated with 1-asparaginase. Sterilization of the gut did not improve the remission frequency with either regime.

Adolescent↗