Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Kjekshus.
Aluminum and gallium show some interesting differences in their coordination chemistry. Solid GaH3 is unknown, in contrast to solid AlH3. Ga equivalents of Li3AlH6, Na3AlH6, and other hydrides whose structure contain AlH(3-)6 ions, are unknown. We relate these differences to an instability of the hexacoordinated gallium moiety.
Full-potential density-functional calculations show that the electronic structure of one-dimensional ferrimagnetic Ca3Co2O6 varies from metal to half metal to insulator as its magnetic ordering changes from the ferrimagnetic through the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic state. The present Letter is the first to establish the occurrence of half metallicity in one-dimensional oxides. Moreover, the electronic and magnetic properties of this material can be tuned by substitution of Y for Ca, as shown by our detailed study on Ca(3-x)YxCo2O6 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.75, and 1). The Co ions are in two different valence states [Co4+ (low-spin) and Co2+ (high-spin)], and hence the occurrence of charge ordering in addition to spin ordering is established. For specific Y concentrations we predict a rarely seen combination of ferromagnetic and insulating behavior.
The stability of MgH2 has been studied up to 20 GPa using density-functional total-energy calculations. At ambient pressure alpha-MgH2 takes a TiO2-rutile-type structure. alpha-MgH2 is predicted to transform into gamma-MgH2 at 0.39 GPa. The calculated structural data for alpha- and gamma-MgH2 are in very good agreement with experimental values. At equilibrium the energy difference between these modifications is very small, and as a result both phases coexist in a certain volume and pressure field. Above 3.84 GPa gamma-MgH2 transforms into beta-MgH2, consistent with experimental findings. Two further transformations have been identified at still higher pressure: (i) beta- to delta-MgH2 at 6.73 GPa and (ii) delta- to epsilon-MgH2 at 10.26 GPa.
Using gradient-corrected, full-potential, density-functional calculations, including structural relaxations, it is found that the metal hydrides RTInH1.333 (R=La, Ce, Pr, or Nd; T= Ni, Pd, or Pt) possess unusually short H-H separations. The most extreme value (1.454 A) ever obtained for metal hydrides occurs for LaPtInH1.333. This finding violates the empirical rule for metal hydrides, which states that the minimum H-H separation is 2 A. The paired, localized, and bosonic nature of the electron distribution at the H site are polarized towards La and In which reduces the repulsive interaction between negatively charged H atoms. Also, R-R interactions contribute to shielding of the repulsive interactions between the H atoms.
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