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Biomedical subjects

A Kosaka

Publications and source records attributed to A Kosaka.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic results of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir on metastatic liver tumors].

Forty-four patients with unresectable liver tumors including 25 colorectal cancers, 7 gastric cancers, 6 breast cancer, and 6 other diseases, were treated by intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir. The catheter was placed in hepatic artery via left subclavian artery or by direct insertion at laparotomy. Adriamycin, epirubicin or cisplatin were administered intermittently. Response rate was 31.8% for colorectal cancer, 42.9% for gastric cancer, and 60.0% for breast cancer, averaging 37.5% for all cases. Response in colorectal cancer tended to be higher for cases of H2, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and v(-). Response was also validated by survival time and changes in CEA. In a few patients, metastatic lesions could be resected after this treatment. Our results indicate that in combination with an aggressive surgical procedure, this treatment may improve the prognosis of patients with metastatic liver tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Experimental study of combination medical endocrine therapy on DMBA-induced mammary tumor, with special reference to the effect of drug-dose on various factors].

Changes of various factors associated with the antitumor effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and tamoxifen (TAM) against the DMBA-induced mammary tumor in rats were studied. Tumor bearing SD rats were divided into control group and experimental groups, consisting of single therapy group and combination therapy groups; TAM----MPA (T----M) group and MPA----TAM (M----T) group. A much higher degree of suppression of tumor growth was observed in the combination groups than in the single group. A significant reduction of spleen weight was observed in all of the experimental groups. The reduction of ER-expression in mammary tumor was observed in MPA groups (M, T----M) and in TAM groups (T, M----T), whereas the reduction of PgR was seen in two kinds of combination groups. The serum level of luteinizing hormone was decreased in M, but not in the combination groups. No change was observed in the percentage of pan T, CD4+ and CD8+, T cell subsets, except Thy 1+T cell was decreased depending on the MPA dose. In the combination group, using high dose MPA, the reduction of the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration into the adenocarcinomatous foci was observed immunohistochemically. These findings indicate that the combination medical endocrine therapy for mammary tumor might be much more effective for the tumor regression than single use, without inducing any detectable side effects on either hormonal or immune systems, when a low dose of MPA less than 1.5 mg/100g B.W. was combined with TAM.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1987

Enzymatic determination of bilirubin fractions in serum.

Novel enzymatic methods using bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria are described for the determination of bilirubin fractions in serum. These fractions include an unconjugated form (Bu), a conjugated form (Bc), and a delta fraction of bilirubin that reacts with direct diazo reagent and is irreversibly bound to serum albumin (B delta). The determination is based on the different reactivities of the enzyme to bilirubin fractions at different pH in the presence or absence of anionic detergent such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or sodium cholate. Thus, in the absence of detergents, Bc and B delta are oxidized at acidic pH, while Bc is oxidized at alkaline pH; Bu is not oxidized at either acidic or alkaline pH. The first approach is based on measuring the decreased absorbance of bilirubin colour at 450 nm caused by the enzymatic oxidation. Total bilirubin is measured at pH 8.0 in the presence of SDS. Direct bilirubin is measured at pH 3.7 and Bc is measured at pH 10.0 in the absence of SDS, respectively. The second approach is made by coupling the diazo reaction with the enzyme reaction. Total and direct bilirubin are determined by a conventional diazo method without prior treatment by the enzyme. B delta is determined with a direct diazo method after the serum sample is treated at pH 10.0 by the enzyme to oxidize the Bc fraction. The precision and the accuracy of these methods were compared with a diazo method, an HPLC method and a slide method, and good results were obtained.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical study on the effect of 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion of CDDP in far-advanced and recurrent carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract].

This clinical study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of CDDP on 43 patients with far-advanced or recurrent carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. For all these patients, CDDP at 100 mg/m2 had been administered by continuous intravenous infusion for 24 hours and repeated one to seven times at an interval of 3 to 4 weeks. The effect of this therapy was assessed according to the criteria of clinical evaluation of chemotherapy for solid cancers by Koyama and Saito. The response rate for both complete and partial response was 27.9% among all 43 patients, including 47.1% (8/17) for gastric cancer, 33.3% (1/3) for esophageal cancer, 25.0% (1/4) for hepatocellular carcinoma, 25.0% (1/4) for carcinoma of the gallbladder or bile duct, 20.0% (1/5) for pancreatic cancer and none (0/10) for colorectal cancer. In particular, a good response rate of 37.5% (3/8) was obtained for patients with recurrent tumor and one of 33.3% (6/18) for those with palliative resection of the primary tumor, which was much higher that the rate of 17.6% (3/17) for those without resection. As for the side effects of CDDP therapy, gastrointestinal symptoms were most frequently found in 78.3% of patients followed by bone marrow suppression in 15.2%, and abnormalities of hepatic and renal function in 4.3% and 4.3%, respectively. Consequently, 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion of CDDP was considered to be effective for far-advanced or recurrent carcinoma, especially in cases of gastric cancer.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1987

[Synergistic action of lentinan (LNT) with endocrine therapy of breast cancer in rats and humans].

With the aim of clarifying the nature of the synergistic action of LNT with endocrine therapy for mammary tumor, the effect of LNT post-treatment was investigated in rats with DMBA-induced mammary tumors and also in patients with recurrent breast cancer. LNT injection following surgical therapy (Ax + Ox) resulted in a much greater regression of tumor growth than that obtained by surgery alone, but not after medical therapy (Tamoxifen). Image analysis using an immunohistochemical technique revealed that LNT-surgical therapy resulted in marked atrophy of tumors and as well as intense infiltration of T cells, B cells and macrophages into the stroma around the tumor. Blood prolactin level was greatly reduced by LNT injection. A clinical randomized controlled study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of LNT post-treatment with surgical therapy in 33 patients with recurrent breast cancer. The mode of the synergistic action of LNT in combination with endocrine therapy on hormone-dependent tumors was discussed.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1985

[A case of sigmoid-vesical fistula complicating diverticulitis of the colon].

The clinical course of sigmoidvesical fistula due to rupture of colonic diverticulitis is described. The patient, a 72-year-old-man, had chief complaints of cloudy urine, pneumaturia and fecaluria. The fistula was diagnosed by cystoscopy. In this case, primary resection of the sigmoid colon and wedge resection of the bladder including fistula were performed, and the sigmoidvesical fistula was completely cured. Statistical analysis was made on 43 cases of colovesical fistula due to diverticulitis in Japan including our own case.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Augmentation of the graft-versus-host reactivity of parental cells by the addition of small doses of alloantigen-activated T cells.

The direct action of alloantigen-activated T cells on the generation of graft-versus-host (GVH)-reactive T cells from their precursors was investigated in an in vivo system by the popliteal lymph node enlargement assay using normal and macrophage-depleted F1 hybrid rats. When very small numbers of alloantigen-activated parental T cells were inoculated in the foot-pads of F1 hosts 24 hr prior to the parental cell inoculum, a significant increase of the GVH reactivity of peripheral T cells was observed within the draining node in normal F1 rats and in F1 hosts in which an active participation of endogenous cells was greatly minimized. Moreover, a similar augmenting action of alloantigen-activated T cells was found in the thymocyte-GVH reaction, which was much higher than that of peripheral T cells when their stimulation indices were compared. These phenomena were produced by the addition of any of two different RT 1 species of alloantigen-activated T cells that were restimulated with F1 host-specific or nonspecific third-party alloantigen within the region of the assay, suggesting the importance of the restimulation of the alloantigen-activated T cell inoculum. A simultaneous injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide had a cumulative effect on the augmenting action of alloantigen-activated T cells on the thymocyte GVH reaction. This study indicates that the preexistence of alloantigen-activated T cells at the assay site causes precocious maturation and proliferation of immature thymocytes, which allows them to function as GVH-reactive T cells in the periphery in vivo; it also suggests the presence of a serial stimulation network through T-T interactions in connection with macrophage-T-cell synergism and the interleukins.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Cumulative effects of lentinan and endocrine therapy on the growth of DMBA-induced mammary tumor in rats].

The cumulative effects of Lentinan and endocrine therapy on the growth of DMBA (7, 12-dimethyl benzanthracene)-induced mammary tumors of rats were studied. Multiple injection of Lentinan alone resulted in a slight degree of regression of the tumor growth, when administered to rats bearing mammary tumors of about 1 cm in size. Ovariectomy-adrenalectomy, ovariectomy, and adrenalectomy, which are performed as surgical endocrine therapy, resulted in a more marked regression of the tumor than that produced by Lentinan treatment alone. Furthermore, multiple injection of Lentinan performed on these mammary tumor-bearing rats which had received surgical endocrine therapy 2 weeks previously evoked a marked regression of tumor growth. However, no changes in growth curves and survival rates, compared with those of saline controls were observed, indicating that Lentinan might be a useful agent when combined with surgical endocrine therapy. Concurrent injection of Lentinan resulted in a slight augmentation, although the histamine sensitivity of tumor bearing rats which had previously received surgical endocrine therapy elevated greatly, compared with that of controls. By contrast administration of Tamoxifen, which is used for medical endocrine therapy, resulted in a lesser degree of regression than that observed following surgical endocrine therapy, and was also not greatly affected by Lentinan injection.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗