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Biomedical subjects

A Kroiss

Publications and source records attributed to A Kroiss.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Late sequelae of ultrasonic lithotripsy of renal calculi.

We examined 82 patients 12 to 43 (mean 22) months after renal calculi had been removed by ultrasonic lithotripsy. Recurrence was noted in 2 patients but this correlated to the previous stone-forming rate. Smaller fragments that had remained in 9 patients were passed in 2, removed percutaneously in 2 and unchanged in the remainder. There was no evidence of hypertension or urinary tract infection related to the procedure. There were 62 patients available for computerized tomography and 11 per cent of the kidneys showed minute calcifications not visible on plain films. Barely visible scarring was noted on the fibrous capsule posterior to the lower pole in 22 per cent of the cases and on the abdominal wall along the former nephrostomy tract in 46 per cent. However, a cortical scar was noted in only 1 kidney and no arteriovenous fistulas were found. On dimercapto-succinic acid scans it was impossible to localize the puncture site and serial 131iodine-hippurate renograms available in 18 patients showed a 7.6 plus or minus 2.8 per cent (mean plus or minus standard error of mean) increase in function. We conclude that percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with ultrasound is a safe and effective procedure with minimal late morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Regional liver circulation and the scintigraphic representation of the portal circulation with 133Xe].

Regional hepatic blood flow has been determined by 4 methods with the aid of the 133Xe washout technique: scintisplenoportography (direct application of 133Xe into the spleen by means of a thin needle); arterial method (133Xe is injected into the A. hepatica by means of a catheter); retrograde-venous method (133Xe administered by an occluding hepatic vein catheter); percutaneous intrahepatic method (133Xe administered directly into the parenchyma by means of a Chiba needle). Ad 1.: Scintisplenoportography (SSP) was executed with 97 patients: 8 patients with a healthy liver presented a hepatic blood flow of 103.37 +/- 11.5 ml/100 g/min. 4 patients with a chronic hepatitis showed a hepatic blood flow of 105.67 +/- 10.2 ml/100 g/min. In 38 patients with compensated cirrhosis, hepatic blood flow was determined with 58.15 +/- 11.5 ml/100 g/min and 19 patients with decompensated cirrhosis showed a blood flow of 34.54 +/- 7.2 ml/100 g/min. Of the 19 patients, who did not present any liver image, 2 patients suffered from a prehepatic block, 1 patient (female) from a posthepatic block, the rest were decompensated cirrhoses. In 5 patients suffering from steatosis only collateral circulation was determined and in 4 patients the spleen could not be punctured. In the patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis of the liver, hepatic blood flow differentiated significantly (p less than 0.001) from patients with healthy livers and chronic hepatitis. In the patients with bioptically assured steatosis only the washout constant was determined. Reproducibility of this method was tested in 4 patients and no statistical difference of hepatic blood flow values could be found and the correlation coefficient amounted to 0.9856. The advantage of SSP lies in the possibility of recording the portal vein circulation: cranial collaterals were found in 33 patients, 2 patients had caudal collaterals exclusively and 29 patients cranial and caudal collaterals. 33 cirrhosis patients presented evidence of hepatic shunts. In nearly all patients hepatic blood flow was higher in the right lobe than in the left. Ad 2.: Arterial method was executed in 26 patients: 2 patients with healthy livers had a hepatic blood flow of 89.85 +/- 2.9 ml/100 g/min, 19 compensated cirrhoses with 49.28 +/- 11 ml/100 g/min and 3 decompensated cirrhoses with 36.43 +/- 3.4 ml/100 g/min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Regional liver circulation and scintigraphic imaging of portal circulation with 133Xe].

Regional hepatic blood flow has been determined by 4 methods with the aid of the 133Xe washout technique: scintisplenoportography (direct application of 133Xe into the spleen by means of a thin needle); arterial method (133Xe is injected into the A. hepatica by means of a catheter); retrograde-venous method (133Xe administered by an occluding hepatic vein catheter); percutaneous intrahepatic method (133Xe administered directly into the parenchyma by means of a Chiba needle). Ad 1.: Scintisplenoportography (SSP) was executed with 97 patients: 8 patients with a healthy liver presented a hepatic blood flow of 103.37 +/- 11.5 ml/100 g/min. 4 patients with a chronic hepatitis showed a hepatic blood flow of 105.67 +/- 10.2 ml/100 g/min. In 38 patients with compensated cirrhosis, hepatic blood flow was determined with 58.15 +/- 11.5 ml/100 g/min and 19 patients with decompensated cirrhosis showed a blood flow of 34.54 +/- 7.2 ml/100 g/min. Of the 19 patients, who did not present any liver image, 2 patients suffered from a prehepatic block, 1 patient (female) from a posthepatic block, the rest were decompensated cirrhoses. In 5 patients suffering from steatosis only collateral circulation was determined and in 4 patients the spleen could not be punctured. In the patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis of the liver, hepatic blood flow differentiated significantly (p less than 0.001) from patients with healthy livers and chronic hepatitis. In the patients with bioptically assured steatosis only the washout constant was determined. Reproducibility of this method was tested in 4 patients and no statistical difference of hepatic blood flow values could be found and the correlation coefficient amounted to 0.9856. The advantage of SSP lies in the possibility of recording the portal vein circulation: cranial collaterals were found in 33 patients, 2 patients had caudal collaterals exclusively and 29 patients cranial and caudal collaterals. 33 cirrhosis patients presented evidence of hepatic shunts. In nearly all patients hepatic blood flow was higher in the right lobe than in the left. Ad 2.: Arterial method was executed in 26 patients: 2 patients with healthy livers had a hepatic blood flow of 89.85 +/- 2.9 ml/100 g/min, 19 compensated cirrhoses with 49.28 +/- 11 ml/100 g/min and 3 decompensated cirrhoses with 36.43 +/- 3.4 ml/100 g/min. Patients suffering from cirrhosis demonstrated significantly lower hepatic blood flow than patients with healthy livers (p less than 0.001). In arterial application also, with the exception of a single patient, the values for hepatic blood flow were higher for the right than the left lobe of the liver.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Angiographic investigation with parathyroid hormone administration as functional gauge of liver blood flow (author's transl)].

Parenteral administration of parathyroid hormone causes dilatation of the main hepatic artery adn the intrahepatic branches, as demonstrable on coeliacography. This applies to healthy persons as well as to patients suffering from cirrhosis of the liver. When hormone is given intraarterially, i.e. into the coeliac trunk, the effect on the hepatic arteries is stronger than after intravenous administration. No effect can be be shown on the splenic, upper mesenteric or gastroduodenal arteries. The reaction of the hepatic arteries to parathyroid hormone seems to be a good parameter of the degree of dilatory capacity of these vessels in cirrhosis. Relevant conclusions can probably be drawn as to the prognosis of porto-systemic shunt operations and their indication. This haemodynamic hormone effect, the cause of which is still unknown enabled better visualisation of primary liver tumours on coeliacography.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Nuclear-medical methods in hepatology].

The function of polygonal liver cells can be estimated by using liver specific dyes such as labelled BSP or bengalrosa and labelled X-ray contrast media. Various methods are available: clearance with blood counting or external monitoring, whole body clearance and retention measurement. These tests are of value for following the course of liver diseases. Blood flow measurements either with labelled colloids or 133 Xe are mainly used for scientific purposes. Portosystemic shunts can be detected by injection of labelled microspheres in the spleen and lung monitoring or scanning. With the dynamic scintigraphy portosystemic shunts can be visualized ( radionuclide splenoportography). The measurement of the praecordial appearance time after rectal instillation of 133 Xe permits the functional evaluation of a surgical portosystemic shunt. Dynamic scintigraphy makes possible the estimation of the arterial part of liver blood flow after i.v. injection of 99m Tc and this together with the radionuclide splenoportography allows the assessment of disturbed blood flow in patients with portal hypertension. I. v. applied parathyroid hormone increases the arterial hepatic blood flow. Preliminary results indicate that patients with portal hypertension and a good response to parathyroid hormone seem to have a good prognosis after shunt operation. The determination of red cell survival with 51 Cr is helpful in the differential diagnosis of jaundice. The specificity of liver scanning with labelled colloids for malignant diseases can be reasonably increased by additional 67 Ga-scintigraphy. In the diagnosis of hepatoma with both colloid and Galliumscan and the evaluation of alpha-fetoprotein a 90% accuracy can be achieved. The hepatobiliary transport can easily be visualized with 99m Tc labelled IDA-compounds and also in patients with severe jaundice where the X-ray cholangiopathy is impossible. This examination is indicated in patients with bile duct observations (also intrahepatic), after cholecystectomy, for the differential diagnosis of jaundice, for the demonstration of refluxes etc. The most important radioimmunological in vitro methods for the investigation of liver diseases are only briefly described.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1981

[Estimation of hepatic blood flow with 133-Xenon (author's transl)].

Regional hepatic blood flow was measured by two methods using 133-Xenon washout technique: 1. "portal method" (injection of 133-Xenon into the spleen), and 2. "arterial method" (direct application of 133-Xenon into the A. hepatica propria by an indwelling catheter after celiacography). The portal method was performed in 38 patients (30 patients with cirrhosis of the liver, 4 patients with chronic hepatitis, 4 controls with normal liver function). The results show that using this method regional liver blood flow can be measured accurately. Patients with cirrhosis of the liver had a highly significantly decreased hepatic blood flow in comparison to the control group. The advantage of this method is that extra- and intrahepatic shunts can be visualized simultaneously. However, using this method in patients with hemodynamically very effective extrahepatic collaterals the tracer does not reach the liver. In these patients regional hepatic blood flow can be estimated by the arterial method (12 patients with cirrhosis of the liver, 2 with normal liver function). However, no information about the morphology of the portal circulation can be obtained using this method. Direct comparison of the quantitative estimation of regional hepatic blood flow was performed in 6 patients. The data obtained by the 2 methods correlated highly significantly (r = 0.91).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The influence of parathormone on blood flow of the hepatic artery after portocaval end to side shunt (author's transl)].

Compensatory increase of hepatic artery blood flow follows protosystemic shunt surgery. Parathormone stimulates significantly blood circulation through the hepatic artery. This stimulating effect is used to test vasodilative capability of the hepatic artery prior to shunt surgery. We report our findings on a additional increase of the hepatic artery blood flow under Parathormone. A portal-caval end-to-lateral shunt surgery caused an increase in blood flow 71 percent on an average compared to the basic value. After administration of Parathormone we observed an additional increase of 13,5 percent. This result indicates, that the hepatic artery will be dilated by Parathormone after a portocaval shunt too.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical usefulness of 67 gallium scintigraphy in malignant lymphoma].

The results of 67-gallium scanning in 644 patients with histological confirmation of diagnosis are presented. 67-Ga uptake was recorded in 93.3% of 312 malignant and in 85.8% of 332 benign conditions. In 89.4% 67-Ga was successful in distinguishing between malignant and benign disorders. In 58 of 62 lesions due to malignant lymphoma 67-Ga uptake was seen. 67-Ga scanning is an indispensable tool for early diagnosis of hepatoma (n = 80) and an important non-invasive staging procedure for lymphoma patients which complements exploratory laparotomy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis of liver and biliary diseases with 99mTc-Hepatobida (author's transl)].

Application of 99mTc-Hepatobida has turned out to be a convenient diagnostic screening method in liver and biliary disease. Side effects are unknown, thus patients with iodine allergy or other forms of allergy, as well as patients harboring autonomous adenomata of the thyroid, and severely ill patients will tolerate this substance well. 99mTc-Hepatobida may be applied even in the presence of highly elevated levels of plasma bilirubin and thus will yield diagnostic results in all forms of hepatic disease if findings are monitored repeatedly. In addition screening with 99mTc-Hepatobida will in some cases suffice to establish the diagnosis and thus forgo more complicated diagnostic procedures.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis experiences in 188 patients with primary liver cancer].

In Austria primary carcinoma of the liver (plc) is no rare malignancy. From 1973 and 1979, in our department, 188 patients with plc had been registered. By separate evaluation of the results of alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP)-determination and 67-gallium-liverscintigraphy, a diagnostic accuracy of 81.6%, resp. 78. % could be demonstrated. By combination of both methods, a correct diagnosis of plc was obtained in 95%. Based on the promising results of lobectomies performed in patients with plc, therapeutic nihilism is not longer justifiable.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

[Testing the dilatation capacity of the hepatic artery with parathyroid hormone].

In portosystemic shunt surgery, there still is a lack of correlation between various preoperative hemodynamic measurements and the postoperative clinical course of patients. The magnitude of post-shunt increment in hepatic arterial flow was found to be directly related to long term prognosis. To predict the arterial response for selecting patients for shunting, we tried to use a new non invasive method: Arterial and portal components of total liver blood flow were determined quantitatively by "Sequential hepato-splenic scintigraphy". Dilatation capability of the hepatic artery, was tested by means of the hemodynamic action of Parathyroid hormone (PH). PH has been found to induce a large and exclusive augmentation of hepatic arterial blood flow. We were able to document a statistically highly significant increase in hepatic arterial flow following i. v. applications of PH. The extent of arterial increment appears to be dependent upon the degree of entrapment of the hepatic arterioles by the fibrous tissues of cirrhosis.

Dilatation↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical significance of the combined determination of alpha 1 fetoprotein, lipoprotein X, and hepatitis B antigen and antibodies].

In a four-year prospective study 4000 patients of a gastroenterologic and hematologic department were screened for alpha1-fetoprotein (AFP), lipoprotein-X (LPX), and hepatitis-B antigen and antibody (HBsAg, HBsAb). Only histologically confirmed results were used for the evaluation of this study. Liverscintigraphy using 99m-Tc-S-colloid was performed as the morphological examination. 85% of focal liver diseases were seen as space-occupying lesions in the radioscan. The interpretation of their dignity was performed with success by means of 67-galliumcitrate with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 90%. With the methods, presented in this paper, positive results of AFP-LPX-, HBsAg- and HBsAb-determinations mean, without exception, an informational gain. In 1241 of 4000 patients, 1417 positive results were recorded. In combination with two-step radionuclide-scintigraphy as the morphological element of our screening procedure, focal diseases of the liver are no longer a diagnostic problem. Additional information of diagnostic relevance is expected in about 35% of all diffuse hepatocellular diseases.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of furosemide on venous capacity in anuric or binephrectomized patients].

Several reports about an extrarenal effect of Furosemide, consisting in venodilatation and venous pooling have been published during the last years. Some authors however deny any extrarenal effect. Changes in venous capacity of the leg were measured before and after Furosemide administration in anuric and binephrectomized patients, using the technique of occlusive rheography. According to the augmented venous pooling, all patients showed a significant decrease of venous capacity after Furosemide. This effect is certainly extrarenal.

Adolescent↗