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Biomedical subjects

A Krone

Publications and source records attributed to A Krone.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Vascularization of primary central nervous system tumors: detection with contrast-enhanced transcranial color-coded real-time sonography.

PURPOSE: To study the potential of contrast material-enhanced transcranial color-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) in detection of primary intracranial tumor vascularization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors in 28 patients were examined with TCCS before and during administration of a transpulmonary, stable, galactose, microparticle-based ultrasound (US) contrast agent. All patients underwent cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging; nine patients also underwent intraarterial digital subtraction angiography. RESULTS: All lesions were hyperechoic on B-mode US scans except one grade 2 astrocytoma. The location and extent of hyperechoic lesions correlated well with findings on CT scans and MR images. After injection of contrast material, color Doppler flow signals were seen in nine of 14 low-grade lesions and 14 of 14 high-grade lesions. High-grade malignant tumors always had atypical arterial and venous Doppler spectra with irregular distribution of Doppler shift and signal intensities; these atypical flow patterns were also detected in some low-grade tumors. CONCLUSION: In addition to depiction of primary CNS tumors in B-mode, contrast-enhanced TCCS enables evaluation of vascularization associated with tumor parenchyma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography in the evaluation of intracranial neoplasms and arteriovenous malformations.

Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) was performed in 57 patients with primary intracranial brain tumors (n = 49) or arteriovenous malformations (n = 8) to evaluate its diagnostic potential. In 46 patients (81%), lesions could be identified employing this technique. In 7 patients, transcranial ultrasound examination was not feasible because of bone thickness; in the remaining 4 patients, the tumor was indistinguishable from adjacent brain tissue despite sufficient insonation, suggesting that these neoplasms are isoechogenic. The sonographic features of brain tumors were very similar: a hyperechogenic matrix of the lesion was interspersed by hypoechogenic pixels. Larger hypoechogenic areas (0.5-1 cm) gave evidence of tumor necrosis. Differences between the findings of TCCS and computed tomography concerning tumor size were found in 7 patients, in whom TCCS revealed an area of smaller extension within the corresponding hypodense area on the computed tomographic scan. Perifocal brain edema could not be detected by ultrasound examination. In 13 patients, a thin, hypoechogenic peritumoral halo was disclosed that did not correlate with perifocal brain edema identified by computed tomography and that may have been due to compression of adjacent parenchyma. In patients with arteriovenous malformations, TCCS permitted the identification of the main feeders, the nidus, and the draining venous system by color-coded depiction of intravascular blood flow. In conclusion, TCCS is an additional method for initial diagnosis and highly suitable for follow-up in tumor patients and provides valuable information about tissue characteristics and blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anxiety and anger among abusers of different substances.

The levels of trait anxiety and trait anger were compared for adult clients in residential treatment with primary diagnoses of alcoholism, cannabis dependence, cocaine abuse and opioid dependence. With a sample of 809 clients results suggested each of these groups to have significantly elevated anxiety and anger scores, compared to non-client samples. However, there were no significant differences on either anxiety or anger scores based on drug of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

MMPI profiles of cocaine-addicted individuals in residential treatment: implications for practical treatment planning.

The MMPI profiles of 268 clients presenting for residential treatment of cocaine addiction were examined. The results revealed clinically significant elevations on the Pd and Ma scales of this instrument. In addition, elevations approaching clinical significance were found on the D, Pa, and Pt scales. These results are discussed in terms of conducting treatment within the context of an Alcoholics Anonymous/Narcotics Anonymous framework, as well as the implications for relapse prevention planning.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

MMPI profiles of adolescent substance abusers in treatment.

The non-K-corrected MMPI profiles of 243 adolescents presenting themselves for chemical dependency treatment in a residential setting were examined. Results suggested a general lack of psychopathology in this population, although a significant elevation on the Pd scale did emerge. These data are compared to the findings of previous studies with both adolescent and adult populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Nocardial cerebral abscess cured with imipenem/amikacin and enucleation.

A 72 year old female with cerebral abscess due to Nocardia farcinica is reported. Needle aspiration, antimicrobial therapy using a new combination of imipenem and amikacin, and, finally, surgical excision led to prompt and complete recovery. This is the oldest patient to survive cerebral nocardiosis reported in the literature. This infection, is usually regarded as opportunistic and is encountered with increasing frequency in immunocompromised conditions (organ transplantation, chemotherapy, underlying disabling disorder, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, etc.). The literature is extensively reviewed for various aspects of this disease including prognostic factors, recent developments in antibiotic therapy (imipenem, amikacin, minocycline etc.) and the essential role of surgery in the treatment strategy.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Ureteral injury in lumbar disc surgery.

Among retroperitoneal injuries in lumbar disc surgery ureteral transection is a rare complication and only 8 cases have been reported so far. They are analysed and a ninth case is added and described. In this case the complication was recognized immediately and successfully treated by end-to-end anastomosis of the ureter with an internal stent. Usually the diagnosis was delayed due to uncharacteristic symptoms (fever, haematuria, abdominal pain and distension, ileus, palpable mass etc.) which led to septic courses and nephrectomy in 3 cases. The anatomical relationship of the lumbar spine and retroperitoneal structures is illustrated by CT scans. Factors contributing to these injuries and ways of recognizing and preventing complications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Autonomic dysfunction in polyneuropathies: a report on 106 cases.

Autonomic dysfunction is a common feature in various forms of polyradiculoneuropathy. This study investigated the kinds and frequency of of autonomic dysfunction in 106 cases. Denervation insufficiency of organs associated with supersensitivity of reflex mechanisms was found to be the best explanation of the pathophysiology. Early insertion of a transient cardiac pacemaker is recommended to counteract life-threatening cardiac failure.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reservoir systems for intraventricular chemotherapy.

This paper describes the current techniques for intraventricular drug administration in patients with meningiosis. Advantages and disadvantages of different reservoir systems, the standard implantation procedure and more recently developed image-guided techniques are discussed. In patients with slit ventricles, the CT-based stereotactic approach is recommended for reservoir implantation.

Antineoplastic Agents↗