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Biomedical subjects

A Kurgan

Publications and source records attributed to A Kurgan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Upper extremity venous thrombosis.

Upper extremity venous thrombosis is unusual, but the occurrence rate is increasing. Nurses must be aware of the predisposing factors for thrombosis, diagnostic modalities, treatment options, and follow-up treatment for these patients. Nurses are responsible for patient evaluation, education, and monitoring for side effects of therapy.

Arm↗
PubMed1994

The importance of the early detection of varicocele in adolescent males.

Varicocele is a common finding in adult and adolescent males and may lead to potential infertility. Many methods are available to the practitioner for evaluation of the problem. The least invasive is color duplex imaging of the spermatic vein, to visualize the presence of reflux (backflow) in the vein, as well as to define flow characteristics. It is recommended that adolescent males be screened using this modality beginning at age 10-15 years if they appear to have physical findings indicating a varicocele or if there is a family history of male fertility problems or varicocele. If a varicocele is found, then referral can be made for intervention if needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Penetration of the wall of an abdominal aortic aneurysm by a Greenfield filter prong: a late complication.

This is a case report of a 68-year-old woman in whom a late and previously unreported complication developed that resulted from penetration of an aortic aneurysm by the prong of a stainless steel Greenfield filter. This complication came into view 7 years after placement of the filter, at the time of aneurysm resection. Enlargement of the aneurysm had occurred at a rapid rate. The patient was symptom free before surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Interruption of the inferior vena cava for venous thromboembolic disease.

The indications for interruption of the inferior vena cava include recurrent pulmonary emboli in the presence of adequate anticoagulation, contraindication to anticoagulation, contraindication to thrombolytic therapy, or the presence of other conditions demanding prophylaxis for pulmonary emboli. Interruption of the inferior vena cava by filter insertion has increased in recent years. The most commonly used filter is the Greenfield filter. This article reviews indications, insertion procedures, complications, and the nursing implications related to filter insertion via the inferior vena cava.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Aneurysm of the rabbit common carotid artery induced by periarterial application of calcium chloride in vivo.

Experimental aneurysmatic dilatation of the rabbit common carotid artery was induced by a single, periarterial application of calcium chloride in vivo. Vessels were fixed in situ after 3 d, 1 wk, 3 wk, 6 wk, and 12 wk by intracardiac perfusion of glutaraldehyde and tissues prepared for light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Progressive focal aneurysmal dilatation was seen limited to the site of calcium application with endothelial damage and thrombus formation in areas of irregular luminal contour. Disruption of the elastic network of the intima and media was seen with varying degrees of intimal fibromuscular hyperplasia and medial disorganization. The calcium-elastic tissue complex was the focus of the inflammatory, arteriosclerotic reaction and subsequent aneurysm formation. The inflammatory cell infiltration initially included primarily neutrophils followed by lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes, and multinucleated giant cells. These studies support the hypothesis that disruption of the elastic tissue network of the vascular wall represents an important pathogenetic factor in the initiation of aneurysmal dilatation. In addition, the results of these studies suggest that interaction of calcium with the elastica of the arterial wall may represent an important pathogenetic factor in the initiation of giant cell arteritis.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1987

Effect of magnesium sulfate on thrombus formation following partial arterial constriction: implications for coronary vasospasm.

The antithrombogenic effect of magnesium sulfate in vivo is shown at the site of endothelial damage induced by partial coronary and carotid artery constriction. The left anterior descending coronary artery of dogs and the right common carotid artery of rabbits were subjected to partial constriction with suture thread (40-60% reduction in transluminal diameter). Distal blood flow, as measured by electromagnetic flow probe, was not reduced. Scanning electron-microscopic examination of vessels fixed by glutaraledhyde perfusion and dried by the critical-point technique showed endothelial damage at the site of partial constriction ranging from crater- and balloon-like vesicular defects to cellular desquamation. Marked platelet deposition on exposed subendothelium and microthrombi could be seen with the maximum degree of luminal protrusion reaching 30% of the luminal diameter. Animals pretreated with magnesium sulfate (50 mg/kg, i.v.) showed platelet deposition restricted to a maximum of 1 or 2 discontinuous layers of platelets with most vessels showing only isolated platelets on exposed subendothelium. Microthrombi were not seen in any of the magnesium-treated animals. It is suggested that the therapeutic implications of magnesium in ischemic heart disease might be extended from its use in certain tachyarrhythmias and in arterial spasm associated with Prinzmetal's angina to the more classic episodes of ischemic heart disease where thrombus formation plays an unequivocally major role.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Intimal changes associated with arterial spasm induced by periarterial application of calcium chloride.

Arterial spasm was induced by application of calcium chloride to the adventitial surface of the rabbit common carotid artery in vivo. Sodium chloride (NaCl) was applied to the contralateral vessel as control. Vessels were fixed in situ by intravascular perfusion after 15 min, 1 hr, or 24 hr and prepared for light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). With SEM, the luminal surface at the site of calcium application showed severe longitudinal folding accompanied by endothelial desquamation with extensive platelet deposition on exposed subendothelium. The luminal cross-sectional area was reduced by 53 +/- 19.5% after 15 min and by 44 +/- 12% after 1 hr as compared with the contralateral control. Furthermore, the luminal area at the site of calcium application was found to be reduced by 42 +/- 8% after 1 hr when compared with segments of the same vessel distal to the site of calcium application. Blood flow rate, as measured by electromagnetic flow probe, was not reduced. Vessels examined after 24 hr showed a significant increase in luminal cross-sectional area as compared with contralateral control vessels (136 +/- 70%). Control vessels (NaCl) showed no significant change in luminal cross-sectional area and no endothelial desquamation or platelet deposition after 15 min, 1 hr, or 24 hr. Examination of histologic sections showed calcium precipitation within the attached thrombus after 15 min with calcium deposits also adherent to the adjacent luminal aspect of the internal elastic lamina (IEL). By 24 hr, this precipitation extended throughout the media. Marked deposition of leukocytes was seen after 24 hr which showed a preferential attachment for areas of endothelial damage and discontinuity of IEL.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Rectal temperature in the diagnosis of acute lower abdominal pain.

The accurate diagnosis of acute lower abdominal pain continues to be a problem. In Israel, a diagnostic sign often sought as indicating pelvic peritonitis is a rectal temperature of greater than 1.0 C higher than the simultaneous oral temperature. We established that in each of the 20 emergency rooms surveyed both oral and rectal temperatures are measured as part of the admission procedure for patients with acute lower abdominal pain. The charts of three groups of 100 patients with acute lower abdominal pain were studied retrospectively. A rectal temperature of greater than 1.0 C higher than the oral was found in about 10% of each group. Both oral and rectal temperatures were raised in 56, 69 and 37% of each group, respectively. The rectal temperature alone was elevated in 8.5% of patients with appendicitis or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), as well as in 6% of patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain. Oral temperatures alone were elevated in 4.5% of patients with acute appendicitis or PID and also in 13% of patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain. These differences were not significant. We conclude that the common Israeli practice of measuring both rectal and oral temperatures in patients with acute lower abdominal pain gives no more information than the measurement of either one.

Abdomen, Acute↗