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Biomedical subjects

A Kyriakidou

Publications and source records attributed to A Kyriakidou.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hepatitis b surface antigen and alphafetoprotein levels in the serum of healthy women.

Serum alphafetoprotein (AFP) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 24 prostitutes and 16 other women positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), but clinically normal. For every positive woman an effort was made to choose 3 HBsAg-negative comparison women, matched for profession (prostitutes or other), age (+/- 2 years), and social class; however, in 5 instances matched triplets (rather than quadruplets) were formed. Among the 40 HBsAg-positive women 9 were AFP positive (23%), whereas among the 115 HBsAg-negative women 13 were AFP positive (11%). A matched analysis indicates that the difference is marginally significant (one-tailed p = 0.03). This finding is compatible with the view that the induction of AFP synthesis in apparently healthy HBsAg-positive individuals may be related with the oncogenic potential of the hepatitis B virus.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1978

Viral hepatitis: lack of transmission in an Athenian School.

In the 1975-76 school year, 3 cases of icteric hepatitis occurred almost simultaneously in 2 grades of an Athenian school. An initial survey of the 2 classes approximately one week later found that 88 of 94 children were susceptible to type A hepatitis. No further clinical cases occurred. A second survey at the end of the school year revealed only 2 subclinical hepatitis A virus infections: one coincident with the overt cases in November, and a second from extramural exposure in February. Two carriers of hepatitis B virus in class A were not associated with serologic evidence for communicability of that agent in this setting. Testing of faecal specimens for agents possibly responsible for epidemiological interference with the spread of hepatitis A virus was unsuccessful. Nevertheless, the hypothesis of Band that other agents may interfere with transmission of hepatitis A virus deserves further study.

Child↗
PubMed1977

The effect of intradermal administration of Corynebacterium parvum on the immune response to hepatitis Bs antigen.

The immunopotentiating effect of the intradermal administration of a course of four doses (0.25 ml) of a standard suspension of killed C. parvum (2 mg/ml) was studied in a group of 10 asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, as well as in 11 persons with antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and six without HBsAg or anti-HBs. HBsAg, anti-HBs, and leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) studies were performed in pre- and post-inoculation blood samples. C. parvum produced a substantial increase of anti-HBs titre in persons with preexisting anti-HBs. However, anti-HBs responses were not induced in carriers. HBsAg was not eliminated and its titre remained practically unchanged in carriers. These results support the hypothesis that in carriers the specific defect in the immune response to HBsAg possibly exists at the B cell level.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence and epidemiologic significance of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in Greece.

The diagnostic and epidemiologic significance of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) detected by complement fixation was studied in a sample of 412 healthy persons, 0-70 years old of both sexes living in the Athens area. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections was found to be very high (26.5%) and the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier rate (4.1%) among the highest in Europe. Anti-HBc was detected in 63 (15.3%) of the examined infection. The prevalence of anti-HBc (without HBsAg or anti-HBs) increased with age, while the HBsAg carrier rate declined in older age groups. It was also found that the frequency of anti-HBc persists for a shorter period than the anti-HBs after HBV infection. These data stress the importance of anti-HBc testing in increasing the sensitivity of the detection of potentially infective HBV carriers as well as in studying various epidemiologic aspects of HBV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Seroepidemiological study of HBV infections in Athens, Greece.

A seroepidemiological survey of a sample-roughly representative by age and sex - of 2744 persons of the Greater Athens area revealed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are highly endemic in Greece. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected in 72(2-6%) of them. The subtype was identified in 70 of the 72 carriers, and 69 were ay; the other was ad. Determinant w was present in all 61 that were capable of being typed further, and a23y(w) was twice as common as a11y(w). Antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) was found in 514 (18-7%) persons. The prevalence of the HBsAg rose rapidly with age, reaching peak values (5-3%) at 20-29 years, while anti-HBs reached its highest value (42-1%) in older age groups (50-59 years). The frequency of HBsAg was significantly higher in males (3-4%) than in females (1-5%). The percentage of infected persons who become chronic HBsAg carriers (12-3%) was found higher than in other developed populations. It was also found higher in children (25%) than in adults (5-5%) and in males (14-6%) than in females (8-1%). These data indicate that HBV infection in early life is a major risk factor in the development of HBsAg carriers and support the hypothesis that males are more likely to become HBsAg carriers than females.

Adolescent↗