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Biomedical subjects

A L Abramson

Publications and source records attributed to A L Abramson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Abnormal differentiation of human papillomavirus-induced laryngeal papillomas.

We studied the proliferation and differentiation of human laryngeal papillomas, which are benign tumors induced by human papillomaviruses. Immunofluorescent stains of tissues for a number of differentiation-specific proteins showed abnormal differentiation. Papilloma tissue fragments in vitro showed a slightly decreased fraction of proliferating cells that incorporated tritiated thymidine and a markedly reduced incorporation of tritiated uridine when compared with normal tissue. We propose that papillomavirus infection results in normal basal cell proliferation but abnormal terminal differentiation and that this abnormality significantly contributes to the hyperplasia of the papillomas.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1990

Dihematoporphyrin ether-induced photosensitivity in laryngeal papilloma patients.

Twenty-six patients with recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis received 2.5 mg/kg of Dihematoporphyrin Ether (DHE) intravenously prior to photodynamic therapy. All patients experienced some degree of photosensitivity, the only known side effect of DHE. Reported reactions included mild erythema and inflammation (88%), swelling (58%), blistering (23%), ocular discomfort (61.5%), pruritus (38%), and skin hyperpigmentation (46%). Length of sensitivity ranged from 4-17 weeks, with an average duration of 9 weeks. No long-term debilitating sequelae were noted. Degree of skin reaction mainly depended on how compliant the patient was in following precaution instructions. Although restrictive precautions were often difficult to strictly adhere to, most patients felt the potential benefits of the therapy far outweighed any inconvenience.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Association of papillomavirus with cancers of the head and neck.

One hundred one squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) (study group) and 116 tissues without SCC or papilloma from matched anatomic sites (control group) were evaluated for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. Squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue (18%), tonsil (29%), and pharynx (13%) specifically harbored HPV-16-related sequences. In contrast, the nose, mouth, and esophagus proved completely negative. In the larynx, a low prevalence of HPV-11/16-related DNA was found in both cancers (5%) and control tissues (4%), suggesting that the associations lacked specificity. Our results indicate that anatomic site plays a role in determining the susceptibility to infection, and that the clinical entities with which HPV infections are associated include both subclinical infection with no history of papilloma, and malignant disease.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1989

Voice restoration following laryngectomy: the role of primary versus secondary tracheoesophageal puncture.

A protocol was established at our institution to compare a series of primary and secondary tracheoesophageal punctures using the Singer-Blom voice prosthesis. Over a 24-month period, 20 primary and 18 secondary punctures were performed. Voice production, fluency of voice, and functional use were graded. Our data support the use of both primary and secondary voice restoration following laryngectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Voice restoration after laryngopharyngoesophagectomy.

Although various methods of alaryngeal communication after laryngectomy have been described, little attention has been given to voice restoration after laryngopharyngoesophagectomy. This article deals with our experience reconstructing the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus in five patients by the use of microvascular free tissue grafts. Voice restoration procedures with use of a Blom-Singer prostheses were used uniformly and resulted in the attainment of functional voice in each patient. It is our feeling that this method should be used equally in patients undergoing both traditional laryngectomy and laryngopharyngoesophagectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Persistence and expression of human papillomavirus during interferon therapy.

Alpha interferon did not prevent the persistence or expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 or 11 in respiratory tract papillomas. Seventeen patients receiving interferon therapy for a minimum of six months and a maximum of 39 months still had one to ten copies per cell genome of HPV DNA in their laryngeal tissues, seen by Southern blot hybridization. In papillomas that recurred during treatment, HPV RNA could be detected by in situ hybridization, and capsid protein could be detected by immunoperoxidase staining. Persistence of the HPV DNA, and recurrences that occurred during therapy, are attributed to the failure of interferon therapy to eliminate latent virus.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1988

The pathologic effects of photodynamic therapy on the larynx. Experimental study.

Using an argon pump dye laser at a wavelength of 630 nm, varying amounts of energy (10 to 170 J/cm2) were delivered to the presensitized (hematoporphyrin derivative) canine larynx. There appear to be four energy zones that result in progressive degrees of tissue response. Between 10 and 40 J/cm2 the larynx appears normal, with only mild erythema noted at 60 J/cm2. Above 100 J/cm2 moderate to severe erythema and edema were seen, with two upper-airway deaths observed. Transmission pattern analysis revealed that by either increasing the total energy applied and/or positioning the cylindrical diffuser tip at different levels of the larynx, the entire structure including the undersurface of the vocal cord and subglottic region could be exposed to red light.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Histological and molecular analysis of cottontail rabbit papillomavirus-induced papillomas treated with hematoporphyrin derivative photodynamic therapy.

The clinical regression of cottontail rabbit papillomavirus-induced cutaneous papillomas on Dutch-belted rabbits following treatment with hematoporphyrin derivative photodynamic therapy was recently reported. Those papillomas that underwent total regression failed to recur at 18 months. Tissues from totally regressed papillomas and adjacent sites failed to reveal the presence of papilloma on histological examination. These findings were confirmed by the absence of viral DNA following analysis by Southern blots for cottontail rabbit papillomavirus viral copy number and DNA restriction pattern. Partially regressed papillomas and untreated papillomas revealed histologically typical papillary features with approximately equal amounts of viral DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The clinical treatment of laryngeal papillomas with hematoporphyrin therapy.

Photodynamic activation of hematoporphyrin derivative was originally developed for the treatment of cancer. This article demonstrates that it may also be an effective therapy for papillomavirus infections of the larynx. Seventy-two hours prior to surgery, hematoporphyrin derivative (6 mg/kg) was given intravenously to two patients with the adult-onset form of this disease. Three days later, endoscopic surgery was performed and 32 J/cm2 was delivered to the endolarynx via an argon pump dye laser with a red light output of 630 nm. No significant complications such as swelling or hemorrhage occurred. At follow-up (13 months) there has been no recurrence of the laryngeal papilloma in either of these patients. The surgical technique, molecular biology, and clinical implications of this work to control laryngeal papillomatosis are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Chromosomal analysis of recurrent laryngeal papillomas.

Recurrent laryngeal papillomas are tumors believed to be induced by human papillomaviruses. Severity of this disease varies due to the unpredictability of clinical remissions and recurrences. However, the severity of the disease does not affect the classification of these tumors as benign, and the rate of spontaneous conversion of recurrent laryngeal papillomas to carcinomas is very low. Laryngeal papillomas from six patients were evaluated cytogenetically after short-term culture. All six specimens were chromosomally normal, consistent with their classification as benign tumors with a low rate of malignant conversion. The presence of human papillomaviruses has no detectable effect on the chromosomes of these tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

An unusual laryngeal lesion in children: granular cell tumor.

Granular cell tumor, a relative rare neoplasm, is of particular interest of the otolaryngologist as some 50% of cases appear in the head and neck region. The youngest reported case of a laryngeal granular cell tumor is presented. Involvement of the larynx is uncommon, but when it occurs it may create diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

An organ culture system designed to study interaction of fetal rat calvaria with human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The development of permanent cell lines of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in culture has enabled these cell lines to be used to investigate the interaction of the tumor cells with bone. After the squamous carcinoma lines on fetal rat skulls were implanted the explants with their added tumor were maintained in long-term tissue culture by use of the procedures developed for growing these tumor cells. Results confirm direct interaction with the bone by the malignant cells. Specific surface and cytoplasmic markers have been demonstrated by use of monoclonal antibodies against the tumor cells. Furthermore, tumor angiogenesis without the addition of any endogenous endothelial components has been verified. Investigations into the degree of bone infiltration and susceptibility of these interacting tumor cells to various factors, radiation therapy, and chemotherapeutic agents have been carried out. The establishment of a model system for bony invasion by squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck permits the investigation of the mechanism of tumor invasion and the study of various potential treatment modalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Congenital subglottic hemangiomas: a treatment update.

Congenital subglottic hemangiomas are rare lesions associated with a significant degree of morbidity and mortality. Although various methods of treatment have been proposed, no one single modality has yet been shown to be uniformly effective in treating this life-threatening condition. Amongst the myriad of suggested treatments, the carbon dioxide laser, as originally proposed by Healy, et al., appears to have the highest degree of success with the lowest incidence of complications. The purpose of this paper is to review a large experience at a single institution with the use of the carbon dioxide laser for treatment of congenital subglottic hemangiomas.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1988

Clinical effects of alpha-interferon dose variation on laryngeal papillomas.

Achieving optimal clinical control of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with prolonged treatment with human leukocyte (alpha) interferon appears to be dose-related and often requires individualized dosage elevation. Six of eight patients in this study needed a maximum dose of 18 x 10(6) IU/week for part of the therapy period to achieve better disease control. The strong correlation found between dosage and response suggests that it is the interferon causing the effect on disease expression, not just the unpredictable nature of the disease. An effect on papilloma growth was observed in all patients during IFN therapy. Three patients were able to be tapered off IFN with only minimal recurrence seen in one patient. No toxic side effects were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thermal effects of photodynamic therapy on the larynx. Experimental study.

Whether cell death in carcinoma of the larynx during photodynamic therapy is due to singlet oxygen formation or mild hyperthermia is not resolved. When various experimental tumors were previously heated within the range of 41 degrees C to 43 degrees C, selective destruction was found. A canine model was used by placing a thermocouple probe into the vocal cord and then varying the total energy (10 to 150 J/cm2), using a 630-nm dye laser; a temperature rise of only 0.5 degrees C to 2.1 degrees C was found. Thus, the thermal effects generated within the larynx (final temperature, 34.9 degrees C to 37.1 degrees C) should be insufficient to act alone in achieving a therapeutic response in either tumor tissue or destruction of normal epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Laryngeal papillomatosis: clinical, histopathologic and molecular studies.

The clinical course and pathology of 57 patients with laryngeal papillomatosis were reviewed. Tissues from 26 patients were analyzed for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA by Southern blot hybridization. Histopathologic evaluation of the papillomas showed no correlation with age of onset or clinical pattern of remission and recurrence. The pathology was characterized by abnormal squamous maturation with parakeratosis, retardation of superficial cell maturation, papillomatosis, and basal hyperplasia. HPV DNA was present in all lesions, with 92% containing either HPV-6 or 11. Latent HPV DNA was detected in clinically uninvolved tissues of 11 of 14 (78.5%) patients studied. There was no correlation between HPV type, histopathology and/or clinical pattern. Despite homogeneity of pathology, the clinical expression of laryngeal HPV infection varied widely. A mechanism for the pathogenesis of laryngeal papillomatosis, based on the concept of maturational arrest, is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Supraglottic hemangioma during pregnancy.

A 37-year-old woman, gravida 10, para 1-0-8-1, presented in her second trimester of pregnancy with complaints of frequent sore throats, change in voice quality, and recumbent dyspnea. These symptoms were noted initially during her previous pregnancy, and resolved after delivery. She was found to have a supraglottic hemangioma which occluded 40% of her upper airway. This lesion was noted to dramatically involute beginning at 36 weeks' gestation. The supraglottic hemangioma is a very rare cause of dyspnea in pregnancy. Its growth during pregnancy and regression postpartum is possibly related to the effects of estrogen and progesterone.

Adult↗