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Biomedical subjects

A L Beck

Publications and source records attributed to A L Beck.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Umbilical artery catheter position and intraventricular hemorrhage.

A historical cohort study was designed to examine high (T6-T11) versus low (L3-L5) umbilical artery catheter (UAC) positioning as a risk factor for subependymal/intraventricular hemorrhage (SEH/IVH) in very low birthweight infants. High and low UAC groups were similar for mode of delivery, severity of pulmonary disease, weight, gestation, Apgar scores, and air leak. Seventeen of 36 infants with high UACs and 6 of 44 infants with low UACs developed SEH/IVH. The incidence (P less than .001) and severity (P less than .01) of SEH/IVH was significantly greater in the high UAC positioning group. Retrograde arterial flow with or without embolization to the cerebral circulation from high UAC positioning is suggested as a possible cause for the association between high UAC positioning and SEH/IVH.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗
PubMed1986

Using structured medical information to improve students' problem-solving performance.

In the study reported here, the authors assessed the use of efficient organization of knowledge and of problem-solving strategies to enhance medical students' clinical problem-solving skills. Thirty-five preclinical medical students were randomly assigned to a experimental or control group and given a knowledge base containing information on eight congenital heart diseases to learn. Information for the experimental group emphasized disease groupings (based on their similar clinical presentation), symptom-disease associations, and clinical problem-solving heuristics. The same information for the control group was presented in a textbook format that emphasized the pathophysiology of the diseases. The students then diagnosed three computerized diagnostic problems of varying difficulty while verbalizing their problem-solving strategies. The results showed that the experimental group acquired a higher ratio of diagnostic to nondiagnostic cues, mentioned the correct diagnosis sooner in their workups, and correctly diagnosed the most difficult case more often than the control group. These results provide support for revisions in the organization and presentation of information that are aimed at improving clinical problem-solving skills.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1986

Visibility of handicap, self-concept, and social maturity among young adult survivors of end-stage renal disease.

This study examined the relationship between visibility of handicap and both self-image and social maturity in young adult survivors of end-stage renal disease. Ratings of visibility of handicap, social maturity, and a self-report measure of self-image were obtained through interviews with 31 patients. Results showed that visibility was inversely correlated with identity stability (p less than 0.05), social maturity (p less than 0.025), and self-esteem (p greater than 0.10), while jointly controlling for patients' age and years since last transplant. Although patients with visible handicaps remain at risk for maladjustment, many developed positive coping strategies in order to face the developmental challenges of adulthood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A comparison of nurses' attitudes toward hospitalized adolescents and adults.

To examine possible health-care provider stereotypes of adolescent patients and the potential consequences for their management, this study compares nurses' responses to the same noncompliant behavior when evidenced by an adolescent or adult patient. Nurses (n = 136) read a description of a difficult adolescent or adult patient and indicated their probable responses to him. They also rated the patient with regard to difficulty of management, as well as several descriptive adjectives, and speculated on the cause of his behavior. No significant differences were found in nurses' preferred management alternatives or ratings for the adolescent or adult patient. However, nurses were significantly more likely to attribute the behavior of the adolescent patient to his developmental level (p less than 0.001). These findings suggest that health-care providers are aware of the hospitalized adolescents' problems, rather than supporting the existence of providers' stereotypes of or different management approach to, difficult adolescent patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Darier's disease: a kindred with a large number of cases.

Over 70 cases of keratosis follicularis (Darier's disease) were noted in a study of a single kindred consisting of more than 200 individuals. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews and physical examinations. Results strongly support an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance since the ratio of affected to unaffected members was I:I and there were nearly equal numbers of males and females with this condition. Large sibships were common in this kindred, which extended over seven generations, and most of the affected individuals were located in the southwestern New York-northwestern Pennsylvania region of the United States.

Adolescent↗