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Biomedical subjects

A L Claudy

Publications and source records attributed to A L Claudy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Trimethylmethoxyphenyl-retinoic acid (Ro 10-1670) and lymphocyte DNA synthesis activity in vitro.

Trimethylmethoxyphenyl-retinoic acid (TMMPRA), the main active therapeutic form of etretinate, was used for in vitro studies on human lymphocytes. Lymphocyte DNA synthesis remained unchanged when TMMPRA was added to the cultures at a concentration range of 1.25-25 micrograms/ml culture medium. No modulatory activity of the drug on DNA synthesis was seen on cultured lymphocytes stimulated by lectins (phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, concanavalin A) or by a mitogen selective for a T lymphocyte subpopulation, phorbol myristate acetate. Concanavalin A induced T suppressor cell activity tested toward the proliferative response to allogeneic stimuli was lowered by TMMPRA. The results indicated that TMMPRA alone or in the presence of lectins or phorbol myristate acetate did not inhibit or stimulate DNA synthesis activity in vitro but that the drug could lower T suppressor cell activity.

Acitretin↗
PubMed1984

Langerhans' cell and vitiligo: quantitative study of T6 and HLA-DR antigen-expressing cells.

Epidermal Langerhans' cell (LC) densities in vitiliginous skin (VS) and normal-appearing skin (NAS) were studied in 10 patients with common vitiligo. Monoclonal mouse anti human T6 antigen IgG1 and Ia antigen IgG2 (Ortho Pharmaceuticals) were used to characterize LC. Epidermal LC densities were calculated by means of an ocular square grid and expressed per 0.1 mm2. The results showed that LC densities of VS was similar to that of NAS (p: not significant). No differences were noted in terms of age, sex, progressing, stable or repigmenting vitiligo. We concluded that involvement of LC in vitiligo, if any, does not probably occur via a degenerating mechanism, or via variations in regional densities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Congenital atrophoderma in multiple plaques. A new clinical form of mastocytosis?].

The authors report the case of an eight-day-old male child with multiple yellowish atrophic plaques, approximately 2 to 10 cm in diameter, on the scalp, neck and abdomen. Darier's sign was negative. No visceral involvement was detected. Histological examination showed numerous histiocytic-like cells with a foamy cytoplasm throughout the dermis. Metachromasy with toluidine blue stain and naphtol AS-D chloracetate esterase were negative. Mastocytes were identified upon ultrastructural examination which demonstrated long interdigitated villi. Unusual features were the absence of typical cytoplasmic granules and the presence of multiple large electron-lucent vacuoles which were assumed to be stored lipids. The authors hypothesized that chronic stimulation of mastocytes in utero may have led to cell degeneration through an immunologic or pharmacologic mechanism. This could explain the negativity of specific stains for mastocytes and the collagen and elastic damage responsible for the atrophy of the lesions.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of cutaneous lymphoma with etretinate.

Twelve patients with various types of lymphoma were treated with etretinate. The diagnosis included parapsoriasis en plaque, epidermotropic lymphoma (diffuse chronic erythroderma with atypical mononuclear cells, Sézary syndrome or MF tumours) and non-epidermotropic lymphoma. The patients received etretinate in a dose of 0.8 to 1.0 mg/kg/day for 2 to 14 months. No additional therapy was given. Patients with epidermotropic lymphomas stage I and II had a favourable clinical and histological response whereas those with deeply infiltrating tumours remained unresponsive. Patients with parapsoriasis en plaque and poikiloderma showed little response. Of the four patients who discontinued the treatment, three had recurrences after 3 to 4 months but one remained clear. The results obtained with etretinate may equal those obtained with more aggressive treatments.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Melanocyte-lymphocyte interaction in human graft-versus-host disease.

Pigmentary disorders in chronic human GvHD comprise reticular or diffuse hyper- and hypopigmentation and seem to result from an interaction between lymphocytes and melanocytes. This interaction could be visualized by standard microscopy with a specific staining for melanin. The main ultrastructural findings were, in hyperpigmented areas: broad contact between melanocytes and lymphocytes, numerous and packed melanosomes, presence of cytoplasmic lipid droplets; in hypopigmented areas: disintegrating melanocytes with large intercellular spaces, small melanosomes, numerous lipid droplets, vacuolated organelles, as well as condensed and convoluted nuclei. Different hypotheses to explain the dysfunction of melanocytes are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Thymoma and lupus erythematosus. Report of 3 cases.

This paper reports three cases of lupus erythematosus (LE) associated with thymomas, all of which were discovered after the onset of LE. The diagnosis of LE was established by clinical and laboratory data. Histologically, the thymomas were of the three main types: epithelial, lympho-epithelial, and predominantly fusiform. In two cases, thymectomy did not modify the course of LE; in one vase, the absence of cytoplasmic secretory vesicles in the epithelial cells and the non-labelling of these cells by an antiserum thymic factor monoclonal antibody represented direct evidence of a functional thymus deficiency. Antikeratin antibodies were used to distinguish thymomas from lymphomas; epithelial thymomas exhibited the same keratin specificities as normal thymus, although the labelling pattern (net-like) was different. Labelling of epidermis with the same antiserum confirmed the theory of an epidermis-thymus relationship.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

PUVA treatment of alopecia areata.

Twenty-three patients with alopecia areata were treated with photochemotherapy combining oral or topical methoxsalen and UV-A irradiation of the scalp or of the whole body. Eleven of 17 patients with multiple plaques of alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis, who were treated with oral methoxsalen and total body irradiation, had complete or more than 90% hair regrowth. Three patients had a relapse. The mean energy required was 505 joules/sq cm. In six cases, topical applications of methoxsalen or oral methoxsalen combined with local irradiation of the scalp were treatment failures. In the patients responding to treatment, the result did not seem to depend on the age of onset or the extent or duration of disease. However, patients with long-lasting alopecia had a higher risk of recurrence notwithstanding a good initial regrowth of hair. Few side effects of psoralens and UV-A (PUVA) treatment were noted. The mean follow-up period was 18.6 months after the completion of treatment. We discuss the possible mechanisms of action of PUVA in the treatment of alopecia areata.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis induced by a new human papillomavirus (HPV-8). Report of a case without immune dysfunction. Effect of treatment with an aromatic retinoid.

A new case of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is reported in a 35-year-old man characterized by multiple common warts, flat warts, psoriasis-form lesions, and pityriasis-versicolor-(PV) like lesions. There was no familial history, no mental retardation, and no malignant changes. Human papilloma virus type 8 was identified in PV-like lesions. Immunologic studies detected no abnormalities: Delayed skin tests, DNCB sensitization, levels of immunoglobulins, complement components, circulating immune complexes, number of circulating lymphocytes, lymphocyte membrane markers, proliferative responses to mitogens, Ts activity, and Ts subpopulations as detected by monoclonal antibodies were considered to be within normal limits. A treatment with a retinoid aromatic (RO 10-9359) improved the clinical status of the patient and did not modify the immune parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with a new aromatic retinoid (Ro 10-9359).

A 77-year-old woman developed a diffuse nodular eruption with histologic, ultrastructural, and biologic evidence of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) limited to the skin. She was treated with a new aromatic retinoid Ro 10-9359 (1 mg/kg/day). After 34 days, the lesions flattened completely and the mononuclear cell infiltrate decreased significantly. No clinical recurrences occurred after a 4-month survey. Discontinuation of the aromatic retinoid led to a relapse with identical clinical and histologic features.

Aged↗