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Biomedical subjects

A L Gough

Publications and source records attributed to A L Gough.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of an intravenous fat preparation on canine gastric secretion.

The effect of intravenous administration of a fat emulsion on canine gastric secretion stimulated by intravenous infusion of amino acids, pentagastrin or insulin was studied. The fat preparation was given at a rate of 30 ml/hour for 2 hours, and its effects were compared with those of a comparable amount of saline solution, each given on three separate occasions in each dog. Fat did not alter the Heidenhain pouch secretion stimulated by intravenous amino acids (1.10 versus 1.11 mmol of hydrogen ion, p greater than 0.9) or the gastrostomy secretion stimulated by intravenous insulin (9.22 versus 9.54 mmol of hydrogen ion, p greater than 0.7) but had a modest inhibitory effect on Heidenhain pouch secretion stimulated by pentagastrin (2.75 versus 3.54 mmol of hydrogen ion, p less than 0.05). These data provide indirect support for the contention that the inhibition of gastric secretion by fat in the gut is mediated by the release of an enterogastrone rather than by a direct effect of absorbed fat. Because gastric stimulation by intravenous fat was not observed in the dog, it seems likely that intravenous fat emulsion can be given to seriously ill patients without fear of an increased likelihood of peptic ulceration due to induced gastric hypersecretion.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

Amino acids as possible mediators of the intestinal phase of gastric secretion.

In a group of six dogs with Heidenhain pouches, the infusion of a solution of L-amino acids caused identical increases in gastric secretion when given into the jejunum as when administered directly into the portal venous system. Elevations in plasma amino nitrogen were also similar in the two circumstances. In four dogs with Heidenhain pouches and portacaval transposition, a similar infusion caused an identical increase in gastric secretion when given into the jejunum as when given into the peripheral venous system; plasma amino nitrogen levels were almost as high with the jejunal administration as with venous infusion. It is concluded that all, or almost all, of the gastric secretion evoked by amino acids in the canine intestine can be accounted for by the direct effect of absorbed amino acids on parietal cell secretion, with little or no contribution from release of an intestinal hormone.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

Computer analysis of interacting dopaminergic and cholinergic control mechanisms in the extrapyramidal system.

The experimental results of many authors suggest that the output activity of the extrapyramidal motor control system depends on a balance between the levels present of the chemical transmitters dopamine and acetylcholine. In this paper it is proposed that these results are best explained by two feedback regulatory systems interconnected with positive interaction--in the sense of the relative gain array (Bristol, 1966). Using the computer-aided design procedure CAIAD, a simple two-input two-output model is simulated so as to give responses similar to those observed when dopaminergic or cholinergic drugs are applied. The effect of reducing the gain in one control loop corresponds to the effect of lesioning part of the extrapyramidal system in the brain. In addition, the effect of an anti-schizophrenic drug such as haloperidol is interpreted as a disturbance input on one of the interacting paths.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

Acalculous gallbladder disease: a prospective study.

A prospective study of 62 cases of acalculous gallbladder disease is reported. The clinical, radiological and pathological features are described as well as the results of cholecystectomy with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. The results compare favourably with those for calculous disease, and it is concluded that there is no clear-cut distinction between acalculous and calculous biliary disease.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMed1976

Radiology of acalculous gall-bladder disease - a new sign.

Radiography of excised gall-bladders, immersed in water, has shown that chronically infected gall-bladders frequently contain fat. This fat can be seen in vivo, and the frequency of the finding was assessed by reviewing 43 patients with acalculous gall-bladder disease. Other radiological signs in the cholecystograms were looked for retrospectively, and their incidence assessed. In 20 cases out of 40, no radiological abnormality was found.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

An assessment of the reproducibility and safety of 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a gastric acid stimulant in duodenal ulcer patients.

In studying the effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) on the vagus nerve in preoperative patients with duodenal ulcer we have concluded that (1) in initiating gastric acid secretion 2-DG produces a response that is reproducible after 30 days; (2) 2-DG when given in a dose of 40 mg/kg intravenously produces a glucopenic state that appears safe in an otherwise healthy patient. We consider that 2-DG is a worthwhile agent in the investigation of the duodenal ulcer patient.

Alanine Transaminase↗