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Biomedical subjects

A L Hamdan

Publications and source records attributed to A L Hamdan.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Lateral cervical bronchogenic cyst: an unusual cause of a lump in the neck.

BACKGROUND: Congenital cysts of the neck in children are not uncommon. Most of these are thyroglossal, branchial cleft, or less commonly, thymic cysts. Bronchial cysts rarely are initially seen as a neck mass. METHODS: Use of an illustrative case of a bronchogenic cyst initially seen as an upper lateral neck mass. CONCLUSIONS: We emphasize that although ectopic bronchogenic cysts are rare lesions of the head and neck, especially in the upper lateral neck, they should be included in the differential diagnosis in the evaluation of congenital neck cysts.

Bronchogenic Cyst↗
PubMed2001

Effect of aggressive therapy on laryngeal symptoms and voice characteristics in patients with gastroesophageal reflux.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is associated with a variety of laryngopharyngeal signs and symptoms. Injury of the laryngopharynx as a result of GER can be refractory to conventional antireflux therapy. This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal signs and symptoms in patients with documented GER and to assess the response to a high-dose combination antireflux therapy consisting of cisapride and pantoprazole. Twenty-two patients with symptoms of GER were enrolled. After baseline evaluation using a history questionnaire for symptoms, laryngeal endoscopy and vocal acoustic analysis, patients were started on treatment consisting of pantoprazole 40 mg b.d. and cisapride 20 mg twice daily. Repeat history and otolaryngologic evaluation was performed at 4 weeks. Laryngopharyngeal symptoms were frequent in most patients, with throat clearing and globus being the most prevalent symptoms followed by vocal fatigue and excess mucus production. Almost 90% of the patients had abnormal endoscopic laryngeal findings but the acoustic parameters did not show any abnormal results except for mild elevation in the shimmer. After treatment, all symptoms and endoscopic abnormalities improved significantly except for intermittent dysphonia and laryngeal mucosal redness. Acoustic abnormalities did not change significantly following therapy. Laryngeal symptoms and voice abnormalities are highly prevalent in patients with GER. Combination antireflux therapy with a proton pump inhibitor and a prokinetic agent results in rapid symptomatic and endoscopic response in the majority of patients.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2001

Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: an unusual presentation of domestic violence.

The incidence of "battered woman syndrome" is increasing over the past few years affecting as many as one in every four families. Most of these cases present to the emergency room with mostly head and maxillofacial injuries. We are describing three cases of battered women with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea as the only presenting symptom of domestic violence. The different etiologies, work up and treatment strategies are all discussed and reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Foreign body retrieval in children with respiratory symptoms and no history of aspiration.

To asses the role of bronchoscopy and its yield in children with respiratory symptoms and no typical history of radiological evidence of foreign body aspiration (FBA), we reviewed the records of all patients who underwent bronchoscopy at our institution between 1985 and 1995 and had no history of choking, witnessed FBA or clear radiological evidence of FBA (N = 54, age range 4 months to 16 years). These were subdivided into two subgroups, those with positive bronchoscopy, and those with negative bronchoscopy. Respiratory symptoms and their duration, signs and radiological findings did not differ in both subgroups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effects of denervation on posterior cricoarytenoid muscle physiology and histochemistry.

The effects of chronic posterior cricoarytenoid muscle denervation were assessed at 3 and 7 months in 26 animals following resection of 10 cm of recurrent laryngeal nerve with stump ligation. The physiology of denervation was characterized by a decrease in contraction strength and an increase in contraction time. The reduction in contraction strength reflected the loss in muscle weight and atrophic changes in fiber density and diameter. A change in muscle composition occurred because of the increased susceptibility of fast-twitch (type 2) fibers to degeneration. However, the compositional change alone could not account for the slowing of muscle contraction. Muscle fibrosis was negligible at 3 months, but encompassed one third of the fiber population by 7 months. In view of the irreversible nature of fibrosis, this study suggested that clinical intervention to rescue denervated posterior cricoarytenoid muscle fibers should be delayed no longer than 7 months to improve the chances for full recovery.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of chronic electrical stimulation on laryngeal muscle physiology and histochemistry.

The present study examined the effects of functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) on posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle physiology and histochemistry. In 4 canines, 10 cm of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was resected. A patch electrode array was implanted for PCA stimulation. FNS was applied to 2 canines for a period of 4 weeks with 2 additional animals serving as nonstimulated controls. Results indicated that FNS increased PCA muscle contractility over the period of intervention but had no effect on contraction speed. FNS also protected the muscle from atrophy by preventing muscle weight loss and type 2 fiber deterioration. Finally, it rescued muscle fibers from ensuing fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nasoseptal variation in relation to sinusitis. A computerized tomographic evaluation.

Paraseptal structural abnormalities are common in patients with sinusitis. They may coexist with radiographic changes suggestive of sinusitis. Their etiological role in patients with no history of sinus disease is still controversial. In this study, computerized tomographic scan of orbits of 89 cases with no history of sinusitis were reviewed between 1996 and 1998. The incidence of septal deviation, concha bullosa and paradoxical middle turbinates was looked at. Their correlation with sinusitis was analyzed using CM-square statistical method. Results showed that the presence of these anatomical abnormalities is not associated with an increased incidence of sinusitis as shown radiologically. We conclude that the presence of septal deviation or large middle turbine on routine rhinoscopy does not mandate further radiological evaluation of the sinuses in the absence of history of sinusitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The etiologic role of the osteo-meatal complex in the pathogenesis of sinusitis: a retrospective study of clinical, CT and endoscopic findings in 143 patients.

UNLABELLED: The etiological role of the osteo-meatal complex (OMC) in the pathogenesis of sinus disease is a debatable issue. The charts of 143 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between 1992 and 1995 were reviewed. Clinical symptoms included facial pain, nasal obstruction, headache, and postnasal drip. CT scan and endoscopic findings were reviewed. The presence of OMC disease radiologically was correlated with all the clinical, nasal endoscopic and other radiologic findings (disease in the rest of paranasal sinuses, or presence of concha bullosa). Its etiological role in patients with sinusitis is discussed. RESULTS: No endoscopic findings could be statistically correlated with the OMC disease. Facial pain and postnasal drip were the only clinical symptoms that statistically correlated with the OMC disease (p-value = 0.009 and 0.008, respectively). The OMC disease correlated with the radiological evidence of sinusitis in any of the sinuses.

Adolescent↗