Biomedical subjects

A L Kraus

Publications and source records attributed to A L Kraus.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

Amitotic neuroblastoma cells used for neural implants in monkeys.

The potential utility of cultured neuroblastoma cells as donor tissue for neutral implants into the mammalian brain has been examined. Cells from a human neuroblastoma cell line, IMR-32, were labeled with [3H]thymidine and chemically rendered amitotic. These differentiated IMR-32 cells were grafted into the hippocampi of five adult African Green monkeys, and graft survival was evaluated for up to 270 days after transplantation. Autoradiographically labeled grafted cells were identified in four animals. Processes from grafted cells could be followed for distances of up to 150 micrometers into the host brain. No evidence for neoplastic growth of the transplant was found. Thus, grafted neuroblastoma cells can survive for prolonged periods in the primate brain and may serve as a practical source of donor tissue for neural implants.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Influence of adipocyte triglyceride on the partition of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl between 3T3L1 adipocytes and surrounding pseudoblood.

Removal from adipose tissue is an important first step in ultimate removal of many lipophilic xenobiotics from the body. This study concerned the elucidation of mechanisms by which hexabromobiphenyl (HBB) was deposited in and removed from adipocytes. Adipocytes derived from the 3T3L1 cell line of mouse fibroblasts were used to conduct studies in vitro. Results support the idea that HBB enters the 3T3L1 adipocyte via passive diffusion. A plot of the velocity of uptake versus concentration was linear, the uptake of HBB does not appear to be energy dependent, and structurally similar biphenyls did not cause an inhibition of uptake. A linear relationship between the quantities of triglyceride and HBB in the cells was found during both uptake of HBB in lipogenesis and removal of HBB in lipolysis (r greater than 0.98). This supports the contention that the quantity of triglyceride in the cells has a strong influence on the movement of HBB between adipocytes and surrounding pseudoblood. Evidence has been presented that is consistent with the hypothesis that HBB moves freely across the adipocyte membrane and is sequestered in either cells or medium according to its relative solubility in these compartments. Methods to increase the removal of HBB from adipocytes have been proposed.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1977

Lymphoma associated with an epizootic of lymphocytic choriomeningitis in Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).

A hamster-associated epizootic of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus infection in medical center personnel at the University of Rochester in 1973 necessitated prompt termination of the Syrain hamster colony. Necropsies were performed on 130 hamsters, blood speciments were obtained from 60 for serotest, and viral isolation procedures were done on 47. Active virus infection, as shown by virus isolation, was associated with the presence of lymphoreticular infiltrate in liver and kidney. Intraabdominal lymphoma was seen only in groups of hamsters from which LCM virus was isolated, but LCM virus was not isolated from many of the hamsters with lymphoma. Although frequency of intraabdominal lymphoma could be markedly increased in LCM-positive hamsters treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, lymphoma was not induced in LCM-negative hamsters with this carcinogen.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗

PubMed1977

The role of the canine spleen in cardiovascular homeostasis during halothane anesthesia.

Barbiturate anesthesia is known to increase canine splenic sequestration of red blood cells. In our laboratory, high halothane concentrations have produced a decreased arterial hematocrit in the dog. In order to assess the role of the spleen in this phenomenon, central hematocrit, plasma volume, and ventricular hemodynamics were studied at low and high halothane concentrations before and after splenectomy in the same group of dogs. Although the hematocrit difference was less after splenectomy, it was not abolished. In addition, there was more cardiovascular depression by equivalent or lower halothane doses after splenectomy. It appears that the dog has other areas of red cell sequestration than the spleen accounting for the persistently lower hematocrit with high halothane concentrations after splenectomy. The modifying effect of the canine spleen on the circulatory depression produced by halothane should be taken into account when the drug is used in the dog.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗

PubMed1975

Outbreak of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections in medical center personnel.

An outbreak of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus infections occurred in Medical Center personnel at the University of Rochester in 1972-1973. A total of 48 infections was discovered, 31 in staff of the radiation therapy area, 12 in the staff of the Vivarium facility, and 5 in other individuals who worked in the Medical Center. Twenty-one of the infections were associated with recent febrile illness with myalgia. Epidemiologic and virologic studies indicated that the source of the infection was Syrian hamsters which were used in tumor research; the tumor cell lines themselves were shown to be contaminated with LCM virus and probably represented the original source of contamination of the Rochester facility. Infection occurred not only through direct contact with infected animals but also from mere presence in the room where the animals were held. This outbreak emphasizes the need for restricting access to animal quarters and for surveillance of hamsters and tumor cell lines and indicate the necessity of separating animal facilities from patient-care facilities.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Laboratory studies of a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus outbreak in man and laboratory animals.

Investigation of an outbreak of prolonged febrile illness in medical center personnel at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry revealed lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus to be the causative agent. Syrian or golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were found to be the only animals involved in maintaining the virus and were the source of human infections. Isolations of LCM virus were made from autopsy specimens of 13 of 46 (28%) golden hamsters. Virus isolations were made from 22 of 28 (79%) frozen specimens of 11 tumor lines transplanted repeatedly in golden hamster cheek pouches. No virus isolations were made from 86 autopsied laboratory mice, laboratory rats, Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus), or laboratory rabbits or from 10 tumor cell lines transplanted in laboratory mice. Complement-fixation testing of 301 animal sera from the vivarium also revealed involvement primarily of golden hamsters. The probable source of virus introduction into the Rochester facilities was found to be two LCM-contaminated tumor lines sent from a biological supplier to Rochester in 1969.

Animals↗