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Biomedical subjects

A L Mauss

Publications and source records attributed to A L Mauss.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Comprehensive evaluation of a model alcohol education curriculum.

A comprehensive evaluation was conducted of a representative alcohol education program designed to enhance knowledge and self-esteem, instill appropriate attitudes and teach the decision-making skills necessary for youth to make responsible decisions about the use of alcohol. The curriculum was implemented approximately as intended. The immediate, cumulative and longer-term effects of curriculum exposure on the variables thought to mediate alcohol use were modest or unsystematic. There was no consistent evidence of carryover effects from curriculum exposure on subsequent use of alcohol, cigarettes or other drugs. The curriculum was ineffective in attaining its goals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The problematic prospects for prevention in the classroom: should alcohol education programs be expected to reduce drinking by youth?

Junior and senior high-school students completed a questionnaire, either once or twice (in successive years), providing measures of variables in three principal sets: (1) curricular variables, those typically addressed in contemporary alcohol education programs (knowledge about alcohol, attitudes toward alcohol, decision-making skills and self-esteem); (2) drinking behavior; and (3) noncurricular variables (demographic and social-psychological traits that typically characterize students before they are exposed to alcohol education programs). Bivariate analyses suggested that the curricular variables are related to drinking behavior, whereas multivariate analyses indicated that these same variables contribute little to the explanation of adolescent drinking when adjusted for the noncurricular variables, most of which are logically and/or chronologically prior to curriculum exposure. It is concluded that contemporary alcohol education programs do address variables that, when considered alone, appear to be related to drinking. However, these same variables make such a small independent contribution to drinking behavior that it is unlikely even a highly successful classroom intervention directed at these variables would do much to prevent alcohol use or abuse by youth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Social margin and social reentry: an evaluation of a rehabilitation program for Skid Row alcoholics.

A rehabilitation program for Skid Row alcoholics that focuses on the reentry process and the development of "social margin" is evaluated. A unique component of the treatment program is the use of small teams of volunteer sponsors who assist the client in the recovery and reentry process. Using a number of measures, the program obtained approximately a 50% abstinent rate at follow-up. There were also significant gains in employment and monthly income. The program also influenced family contact, development of new friendship groups and Alcoholics Anonymous attendance, factors that in turn significantly influenced the recovery process.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Self-generated identification codes for anonymous collection of longitudinal questionnaire data.

The success of a self-generated identification code for linking longitudinal questionnaire data was examined. The matching procedure developed for linking questionnaires, including a simple technique to compensate for nonidentical codes, yielded a high success rate (92% linkage of cases over a one-month interval and 78% over a one-year interval) and very few incorrectly linked cases. The procedure worked equally well with elementary and high school students, and the resulting samples were representative of the student population on a wide range of measures. Some suggestions are offered regarding the elements comprising self-generated codes.

Analysis of Variance↗