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Biomedical subjects

A L Schroeter

Publications and source records attributed to A L Schroeter.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Immunoglobulin and complement deposition in skin of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was differentiated from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by direct immunofluorescent techniques on skin specimens, using monospecific antisera for IgG, IgM, C3, C1q, properdin, and fibrin. Of 30 patients with RA studied, 20 had dermal vessel deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components in unaffected skin without the characteristic dermal-epidermal junctional fluorescence of SLE. Of 24 SLE patients studied, 24 had granular deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components in unaffected skin at the dermal-epidermal junction.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1976

The late phase of the immediate wheal and flare skin reaction. Its dependence upon IgE antibodies.

IgE antibodies are usually thought to induce only immediate skin reactions. We have shown that the intradermal injection of a number of different allergens can produce a prolonged inflammatory reaction after the immediate wheal and flare in most sensitive subjects. This late inflammatory response occurs 6-12 h after challenge and is characterized by diffuse edema, erythema, pruritus, and heat. Both immediate and late responses can also be seen after passive sensitization of skin sites in nonatopic subjects. That IgE is involved in inducing the reaction was shown by the abolition of both immediate and late responses by passive transfer tests in the following experiments: (a) heating atopic serum at 56degreesC for 4 h, (b) removing IgE from the atopic serum by a solid phase anti-IgE immunoabsorbent, and (c) competitively inhibiting the binding of IgE antibodies to cells by an IgE myeloma protein. In addition, both responses were induced by affinity chromatography-purified IgE antibody, followed by antigenic challenge. Very similar lesions could also be induced by intradermal injection of Compound 48/80, thus suggesting a central role in the reaction for the mast cell or basophil. Histologically, the late phase is characterized by edema and a mixed cellular infiltration, predominantly lymphocytic but also containing eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils. Direct immunofluorescent staining did not show deposition of immunoglobulins or complement components, except IgM in 2 of 15 and C3 in 1 of 15 patients. This finding indicates that the late phase does not depend on the deposition of immune complexes. The results of the study suggest that IgE-allergen interaction on the surfaces of mast cells or on infiltrating basophils causes both immediate and late cutaneous responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Skin fibrinolytic activity in cutaneous and systemic vasculitis.

Study of involved and uninvolved skin from patients with necrotizing vasculitis revealed diminished tissue fibrinolytic activity deposition of immunoreactants in involved skin. In these patients, the depletion of tissue fibrinolytic activity is probably the result of vessel injury secondary to the local deposit of immunoreactants. In addition, there was diminished tissue fibrinolytic activity in uninvolved skin from patients with and without clinical skin involvement, unassociated with the deposition of immunoreactants. The precise mechanism for diminished tissue lytic activity in these latter patients is not known, but it may be associated with generalized activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms that result in local depletion of tissue fibrinolytic activity. These local changes may aggravate the clinical course of the disease as well as inhibit the healing of the lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Immunologic mechanisms in systemic vasculitis.

Thirty-four patients with systemic vasculitis were studied to determine the possible type and frequency of associated immunologic abnormalities. The patients were divided into three clinical groups--those with systemic vasculitis without respiratory tract involvement, those with systemic vasculitis with respiratory tract involvement (particularly Churg-Strauss vasculitis and Wegener's granulomatosis), and those with limited vasculitis without visceral involvement. A diminished level of serum complement was found in half the patients with systemic vasculitis without respiratory tract involvement. These patients usually had diffuse skin disease that often was associated with the presence of rheumatoid factor and cryoglobulinemia and most likely represented an immune-complex induced disease. The serum IgE often was elevated in patients who had systemic vasculitis with respiratory tract involvement, particularly those with Churg-Strauss vasculitis and Wegener's granulomatosis, and may be a clue to the pathogenesis in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Problems with beaded fluorescence pattern in FTA-ABS test.

The significance of false-positive FTA-ABS fluorescence in connective tissue diseases and other clinical conditions was evaluated by studying the serum from several groups of patients. In 12% of 67 patients without syphilis, serum with an antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer of 1:32 or greater gave low intensity FTA-ABS test fluorescence. In 20% of 150, patients (2.7% with a history of syphilis), serum with rheumatoid factor (RF) titers of 1:640 or greater demonstrated some reactivity. Only 1.3% of 75 donors of normal blood showed low-grade FTA-ABS fluorescence. In 385 patients with diagnostic problems, 2.1% of the serum demonstrated the beaded pattern. Patterns varied, depending on the treponemal antigen preparation and the duration of serum storage. Also, multiple specimens from the same patient produced different patterns. Furthermore, the beaded pattern could be demonstrated in patients with a history of syphilis, with other medical disorders, and in apparently normal persons.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1975

Dermal-epidermal deposition of complement components and properdin in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Skin lesions and clinically normal skin of thirteen patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined, by the use of immunofluorescent techniques, to determine the presence of CIq, C3, C3 proactivator (C3PA), properdin, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM), and fibrin. IgM deposition was present in all thirteen skin lesions and in eleven normal areas tested, whereas IgG deposition occurred in eleven of the lesions but in only six normal areas. IgA was the least frequently encountered immunoglobulin. CIq deposition occurred in all thirteen skin lesions, and C3 deposition was present in twelve. Seven of nine and eight of eleven clinically normal areas demonstrated CIq and C3 deposition, respectively. Although less intense that CIq and C3 deposition, properdin deposition occurred in eight of the thirteen skin lesions tested but in only two of nine normal areas. C3PA deposition was of greater intensity than was properdin, but was seen in only five lesions and three clinically normal areas. Seven skin lesions and two normal areas also demonstrated fibrin deposition. Although alternate pathway activation is apparent, our findings suggest that the classical pathway (CI to C9) is the primary complement pathway involved in SLE skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Livedo vasculitis (the vasculitis of atrophie blanche). Immunohistopathologic study.

Hyalinizing segmental vasculitis or livedo vasculitis (atrophie blanche) is a clinical entity with a distinctive immunohistopathologic morphology that can be distinguished from other forms of cutaneous vasculitis by histologic and direct immunofluorescent studies. Our studies showed that immunoglobulins and complement components (C-1g, C-3, and properdin) were localized in diseased vessel walls, suggesting an immune pathogenesis.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1975

Bullous pemphigoid and associated malignant neoplasms.

To evaluate the significance of the association of systemic malignant disease with bullous pemphigoid, we reviewed the records of patients with bullous pemphigold seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1960 and 1972. Data from 73 patients with bullous pemphigoid were compared with data from 146 controls (73 with contact dermatitis and 73 with psoriasis) matched for age, sex, and calendar year of diagnosis. In the three groups, eight patients with bullous pemphigoid, 11 with contact dermatitis, and ten with psoriasis were found to have malignant disease within the period covering the five years before and five years after the diagnosis of the skin disease. These data indicate that pemphigoid does not seem to be significantly associated with malignant disease.

Adult↗