[Use of test-system Amplicor HIV-1 for HIV-infection diagnosis in newborn in Russia--first results (2001-2002)].
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HIV Infections↗
Biomedical subjects
A L Sukhanova
Publications and source records attributed to A L Sukhanova.
[The molecular and virological specificities of the epidemic of HIV infections in Russia and other CIS countries].
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Commonwealth of Independent States↗
[Variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, detected in Russia among those infected by the sexual route].
We analyzed 52 blood samples obtained independently from among individuals, who had never practiced the intravenous administration of drugs, for the purpose of detecting the subtypes of HIV-1 that circulated during 1999-2002. The study materials were analyzed by the methods of gag/env heteroduplex mobility assay and by env gp120 C2-V3 sequencing. Four viral subtypes (A,B,C and G) and a recombinant gagA/envB were detected in subjects contaminated through heterosexual contacts. Noteworthily, HIV-1 variations of subtype A, which were found in 22 (73.3%) of 30 analyzed samples, were predominant in this risk group. An analysis of nucleotide sequences exposed a high degree of homology between the viruses, detected previously among drug-addicts, and the isolates detected by us in subjects contaminated heterosexually. However, HIV-1, subtype B, detected by us in all 16 studied cases, still continue to circulate among the males infected through homosexual contacts with men.
Adolescent↗
[The genetic variability of the protease-encoding region in HIV-1 A isolates and in CRF03_AB recombinants as observed in the CIS territory].
Protease-encoding nucleotide sequences of 27 HIV-1 variants isolated in Russia and other CIS countries from seropositive intravenous drug-users were analyzed. None of the above persons did ever take antiretroviral drugs. The nucleotide sequences were shown to belong to subtypes A and to be have a high degree of genetic homogeneity (0.00-3.23; mean--1.38 +/- 0.79). No isolates contained any primary mutations of resistance to protease inhibitors. At the same time, above one half of the isolates bore the V771 substitution, which, according to published data, is the secondary mutation of resistance that conditions a higher resistance to Nelfinavir. Moreover, the substitution was associated with 2 synonymous mutations in triplets 31 and 78, which denotes a single origin for all V771 variants.
Adolescent↗
[Development of microchips for the detection of mutations of HIV-1 variability to protease inhibitors and the usage results].
An original biochip was constructed for the detection of 34 mutations of HIV-1 resistance to protease. A technology was worked out, which is based on the hybridization of a fluorescence-labeled amplified fragment of the pol gene of the HIV-1 provirus DNA with a set of specific oligonucleotides immobilized in 3-D hydrogel pads of the biological microchip. The biochip was used to analyze 115 samples of the subtype-1 provirus HIV-1 DNA isolated from untreated IDUs and their sexual partners in 15 regions of former USSR countries. Substitution of Val/IIe in position 77 of protease (V771) is known as secondary mutation of resistance to Nelfinavir detected in 55 (47.8%) of 115 HIV-1 variations. Its first appearance was registered in a patient with HIV in April 1997 in Tver, where its carrying variant caused an HIV outbreak. It is demonstrated that the V771-substitution variant, that dominates in Moscow, caused outbreaks in Irkutsk and Yekaterinburg and spread into separate districts of Perm and Perm Region. At the same time, no V771 HIV-1 was detected in any of the HIV studied cases diagnosed before 1998 in Moldova, Ukraine and Rostov Region.
Amino Acid Substitution↗
[Protease and reverse transcriptase genetic polymorphism in HIV type 1 subtype A variants predominating in cis countries].
To define frequencies of drug resistance mutations among HIV-1 variants circulating within the territory of Russia, subtype A HIV-1 nucleotide sequences encoding protease and reverse transcriptase were analyzed. The analysis was carried out in 141 antiretroviral-naive individuals. Low frequency (less than 1%) of primary drug resistance mutations was shown. However, high frequencies of secondary mutations V77I in protease and A62V in RT (67% H 63%, respectively) linked to each other in most cases were observed. The HIV-1 isolates bearing both substitutions (MutV77I/A62V) were also characterized by the presence of several synonymous mutations, suggesting common origin for these viruses. HIV Biochip Hybridization microarray and/or Restriction fragment-length polymorphism analyses were performed to characterize gene pol polymorphism in additional 178 subtype A HIV-1 isolates. Among total 319 samples studied, Mutv77IA62V variant accounted for 56%, and was found to predominate in Russia in terms of both its geographical distribution and number of cases caused. Moreover, these viruses were prevalent in the regions known to have highest incidence of HIV-1 infection (Irkutsk, Samara, and Moscow regions). In addition, three other variants were found: viruses not containing the substitutions V77I or A62V, and variants bearing only one of them. Evolutional relationships between all four HIV-1 variants, as well as potential impact of the gene pol polymorphism on HIV-1 replicative fitness and drug resistance development are discussed.
Amino Acid Substitution↗
[Molecular and epidemiological characterization of HIV-infection in the Altai Territory].
The genetic analysis of the variants of HIV, type 1, circulating in the Altai Territory was made. The results obtained with the use of the serological analysis and the method of the comparative evaluation of the electrophoretic mobility of heteroduplexes demonstrated that almost all analyzed samples (98.3%) belonged to subtype A. Genetic differences between these viruses did not exceed 9.20%. Moreover, 86.8% of them contained mutation V771 in the protease-coding area. Thus, HIV of subtype A, characteristic of CIS countries and containing mutation V771, may be regarded as the dominating viruses in the Altai Territory and not the viruses of subtypes B, C or A/E, typical of comparatively less remote China.
HIV Infections↗