Biomedical subjects

A Löhr

Publications and source records attributed to A Löhr.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

In vivo chemosensitivity-adapted preoperative chemotherapy in patients with early-stage breast cancer: the GEPARTRIO pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Response to the first two cycles of preoperative chemotherapy might differentiate subgroups of breast cancer patients with high or minimal chances for a pathologic complete response (pCR) and may be used as an in vivo chemosensitivity test. METHODS: Breast cancer patients were treated with two cycles of TAC (docetaxel 75 mg/m(2), doxorubicin 50 mg/m(2), cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m(2) every 21 days). Patients whose tumors showed a response received four more cycles. Patients whose tumors did not respond were randomized to four additional cycles TAC or NX (vinorelbine 25 mg/m(2) days 1 and 8, capecitabine 2000 mg/m(2) days 1-14, every 21 days). The primary end point was pCR at surgery. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-five patients showed a clinical response, in 73.0% after two cycles, in 88.4% at surgery, and a pCR was seen in 17.9%. Breast conservation was possible in 72.2%. Responding patients obtained a pCR in 22.6% whereas non-responding patients reached a pCR in 7.3% and 3.1% with TAC or NX, respectively. Grade III/IV neutropenia and febrile neutropenia were observed during TAC in 70.2% and 13.5%, respectively. Significantly less toxicity were observed with NX. CONCLUSION: Early response to TAC can reliably identify patients with a high chance of achieving a pCR. New effective treatments need to be explored for patients without an early response.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Comparative non-randomized study with midazolam versus thiopental in children with refractory status epilepticus].

We evaluated the use of midazolam versus thiopental in 50 children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE), admitted in a pediatric intensive care unit. The study consisted of two groups of patients: Group A - Midazolam, a prospective study, and Group B - Thiopental, a historical group. These patients already had previous medication with benzodiazepin and diphenylhydantoin and other drugs. When there was no effective control of the seizures, the patients of Group A received midazolam of 200 microg/kg intravenous in bolus, being followed by continuous intravenous infusion at the rate 0. 25-15 microg/kg/min. Group B received thiopental 1 mg/kg intravenous in bolus followed by continuous intravenous infusion at the rate of 10-120 microg/kg/min. In relation to the time of seizure control and effectiveness, there was no statistical significance for the two groups. The Midazolam Group had significantly less complications during the treatment: less cyanosis (p=0.00006), and they did not need respiratory support (p<0.00001). When the therapy with midazolam was ceased, 12.5% of the patients from this group showed psychological disorders such as mental confusion, aggressive behavior, restlessness, hallucinations and agitation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Conditional expression of N-myc in human neuroblastoma cells increases expression of alpha-prothymosin and ornithine decarboxylase and accelerates progression into S-phase early after mitogenic stimulation of quiescent cells.

To elucidate the contribution of the N-Myc protein to neuroblastomas we have used a synthetic inducible expression system on the basis of the tetracycline repressor of E coli to reversibly express N-myc in a human neuroblastoma cell line in which expression of endogenous N-myc is barely detectable. Like the c-Myc protein, N-Myc up-regulates the expression of both alpha-prothymosin and ornithine decarboxylase. Induction of N-myc increases both the rate of DNA-synthesis and the proliferation rate, and shortens the G1 phase of the cell cycle. A comparison of cell populations in which the presence of N-Myc protein was restricted to different parts of G(zero)/G1 revealed that N-Myc is rate-limiting for cell cycle progression during the first 5 h after serum stimulation of quiescent cells providing direct evidence that Myc-proteins act early after mitogenic stimulation of quiescent cells.

Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcriptio↗

PubMed1995

The use of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for enhancement of bone ingrowth into pyrolized bovine bone.

This pilot study aimed to investigate whether in vivo cultivation of bone in porous scaffolds can be enhanced by the use of growth factors. Four adult Göttingen minipigs received subperiosteal implantation of a block of pyrolized bovine bone on either side of the mandible. The blocks were covered with polylactic membrane. On one side, the implants were loaded with 240 micrograms of lyophilized basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). After 5 months, bone ingrowth was found throughout the whole block into the peripheral pore layers regardless of whether or not the scaffolds had been loaded with bFGF. Fluorescence labels likewise showed no significant differences in bone formation.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Pancreatic calcifications in patients with normal pancreatic function.

This is a report on five patients who had acute attacks of pancreatitis (three cases complicated by pseudocysts). They all showed pancreatic calcifications on plain abdominal X-ray (n = 5), computed tomography (n = 3), or at postmortem examination (n = 1). Despite calcifications, the exocrine pancreatic function, as tested with the secretin-pancreozymin test and fecal fat analysis, was either normal or returned to normal. The conclusion is that pancreatic calcifications do not indicate severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and the necessity for pancreatic enzyme substitution. Calcifications are not necessarily a sign of chronic pancreatitis. They may result rather from scars following acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1987

[Acute metastasis-induced pancreatitis in bronchial carcinoma].

Pancreatic metastases were found in 14 of 250 patients (5.6%) with bronchial carcinoma. The most common histological type leading to pancreatic metastases was the small-cell anaplastic carcinoma (86%). Metastasis-induced pancreatitis is rare, having been noted in only one patient (metastases in the head of the pancreas). In two other patients acute pancreatitis was found by autopsy which, however, had been clinically silent. In the other eleven the pancreatic metastases were also clinically silent.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of laundry detergent residues from a dermato-toxicological viewpoint].

Detergent residues are often accused to cause efflorescences of the skin. In the present studies different textiles were washed under standardized conditions and the residues analyzed. Textile probes were patch tested for 48 h on seborrheic and sebostatic volunteers. A second series of textiles was given to babies and small children. In all cases no reactions were observed. According to these results and further literature the contribution of detergent residues as a releaser of skin reactions is rather insignificant.

Child, Preschool↗