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Biomedical subjects

A Lösch

Publications and source records attributed to A Lösch.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Prognostic value of immunohistochemically detected CD44 isoforms CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8 in human breast cancer.

We investigated the expression of CD44 isoforms containing variant exons v5, v6 and v7-8 in 115 human breast cancer specimens by means of immunohistochemistry. CD44 isoforms CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8 were detected in 56% (n = 64), 24% (n = 28) and 15% (n = 17), respectively. In 36 specimens of axillary lymph node metastasis, expression of CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8 was found in 94% (n = 34), 92% (n = 33) and 89% (n = 32), respectively. Five year survival rates with or without CD44v5 and CD44v6 expression were 71% versus 86% (log-rank test, P = 0.02) and 62% versus 81% (log-rank test, P = 0.001), respectively. For disease-free survival, expression of CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8 showed a prognostic impact (log-rank test, P = 0.004, P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0001, respectively). However, multivariate analysis revealed that all investigated CD44 isoforms failed to be independent predictors of the patient's outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lysosomal protease cathepsin D is a prognostic marker in endometrial cancer.

The present study investigates the prognostic value of immunohistochemically detected cathepsin D expression in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Patients with surgically treated endometrial adenocarcinoma FIGO stages I-III and consecutive irradiation therapy were included in the study. When we performed immunohistochemistry to detect cathepsin D in 115 tissue specimens 35 cases showed a positive reaction. In the univariate analysis cathepsin D expression showed significant prognostic value for overall survival (P-value = 0.007). In the multivariate analysis with established prognostic parameters (stage, grade) we found an independent prognostic value for cathepsin D (P-value = 0.002, relative risk = 3.8, 95% confidence interval 1.4 - 10.0). Immunohistochemical detection of cathepsin D could aid in predicting prognosis and planning therapy for patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of the gestational trophoblastic disease.

OBJECTIVE: The gestational trophoblastic disease summarizes all types of hydatidiform moles, placental site trophoblastic tumor and choriocarcinoma. It is of clinical relevance to distinguish between complete hydatidiform mole and partial hydatidiform mole to predict prognosis of recurrency of molar pregnancy and the risk of the development of malign and metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease. Differential diagnosis of choriocarcinoma versus placental site trophoblastic tumor, carcinoma or sarcoma with low differentiation can cause problems in borderline-cases. The present study investigates the value of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease. METHOD: Nine cases of patients with complete hydatidiform mole, 20 cases of partial hydatidiform mole and seven cases of choriocarcinoma were analyzed for the immunohistochemical reaction with antibodies against human choriogonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL). placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), cytokeratine and vimentin. RESULTS: Complete hydatidiform mole shows strong expression of hCG and weak expression of PLAP. Weak hCG and strong PLAP expression is found in partial hydatidiform mole. Choriocarcinoma presents strong expression of hCG and weak expression of hPL and PLAP. All tissues show positive reaction with anticytokeratine and negative reaction with anti-vimentin. CONCLUSION: Our study proves immunohistochemistry as useful tool for differential diagnosis in borderline cases of gestational trophoblastic disease.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1996

[Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis].

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare disease. Approximately 50 cases have been reported in the world literature so far. Origination from the Müllerian epithelium, which is distributed throughout the subperitoneal mesenchyme seems possible in histogenesis. By specific hormonal stimulation and individual predisposition proliferation takes place along the lines of myofibroblastic differentiation. The case of a 41 year-old woman is presented. The patient's history revealed hormonal therapy for dysmenorrhoea. An incidental finding during diagnostic laparotomy for suspicious endometriotic ovarian cysts, multiple grey-white, granular nodules were seen covering the peritoneal surface of the small pelvis, the intestines and omentum and the surface of the uterus and adnexal structures, as found with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from the ovary. Microscopically, the nodules were composed of smooth muscle cells which did not show any a typical appearance or mitosis. Immunohistological investigation with Desmin antibodies confirmed the diagnosis. The benign tumours of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata must be differentiated from peritoneal metastases of malignant tumours in order to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatment schedules. Nonetheless follow-up is desirable since malignant degeneration has occasionally been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Dithiothreitol treatment of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells reversibly blocks export from the endoplasmic reticulum but does not affect vectorial targeting of secretory proteins.

Addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) to the culture medium of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells blocks transport of newly synthesized gp80 (clusterin, apolipoprotein J), a soluble marker protein for apical exocytosis in this epithelial cell line. In cells treated with DTT during pulse labeling, gp80 is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. After removal of the reducing agent, gp80 is posttranslationally oxidized and secreted at the apical surface of MDCK cell monolayers. This demonstrates that when folded and oxidized posttranslationally, gp80 can acquire a conformation that exhibits sorting signals for vectorial targeting. In the continuous presence of DTT, the transepithelial electrical resistance of filter-grown monolayers is maintained for several hours, indicating the presence of functionally intact tight junctions. Under the same conditions, transport competent forms of gp80 mature within the Golgi complex and are secreted predominantly at the apical surface of MDCK monolayers. Furthermore, another secretory protein, the osteopontin-derived 20-kDa polypeptide, is targeted to the apical plasma membrane domain in the continuous presence of DTT. These results suggest that the apical sorting machinery in MDCK cells functions independent of the redox state of the secretory pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Bilateral primary leiomyoma of the ovary].

Primary leiomyoma of the ovary is rare. Most of these tumors are only a few millimeters in diameter and unilateral, generally occurring in women aged 45 to 65 years. We present the exceptional case of a 16 year-old girl with bilateral ovarian leiomyomas, proved by immunohistochemistry, and discuss the feature of the case in the light of the known literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus.

A case of intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus and 4 subperitoneal, pelvic leiomyomas without any connection to the uterus is demonstrated. The intravascular position of the tumors is proved by immunohistochemistry with positive reaction of antibodies against von Willebrand Factor. This rare growth pattern of benign leiomyoma of the uterus often shows extrauterine extension by intravascular growth within venous channels, sometimes causing cardiovascular complications. This tumor should not be confused with malignant neoplasia.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Extensive intraductal components of invasive ductal breast carcinoma--value of mammography].

The presence of an extensive intraductal component (EIC) in patients with infiltrating ductal carcinoma is a major factor for predicting local recurrence after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy. A retrospective study including 67 consecutive cases of stage I and II infiltrating ductal carcinomas of the breast was conducted to determine the predictive values of mammographic features associated with the presence or absence of EIC. 43% of the lesions contained a pathologically verified EIC. 63% (25/40) of lesions showing mammographic evidence of calcifications with or without a mass were associated with an EIC. In contrast, only 17% (4/24) of carcinomas without calcifications demonstrated an EIC. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Lesions with calcifications greater than 3 cm in extent were significantly (p < 0.01) more likely to have an EIC (8/9; 89%) than those with calcifications less than 3 cm in extent (17/31; 55%). Furthermore, no patient with a palpable mass who had normal findings on mammograms was diagnosed to have an EIC.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Novel insights into human endometrial paracrinology and embryo-maternal communication by intrauterine microdialysis.

The regulation of human implantation is still unknown. Evidence from mice suggests an essential role for several paracrine mediators but species differences with implantation in the human preclude the extrapolation of these concepts to humans. An intrauterine microdialysis device (IUMD), consisting of microdialysis tubing glued into a balloon catheter on one side and into a polypropylene tube on the other, allows a dynamic and accurate in-vivo measurement of uterine paracrine interactions in humans. Inserted into the uterine cavity in the form of a loop, it can be continuously perfused with saline to reveal a number of relevant cytokines and growth factors in uterine effluents of non-pregnant women in both follicular and luteal phases. These included interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), epidermal growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), prolactin, and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). The source of intrauterine HCG is unclear since endometrial mRNA for the HCG beta-subunit is not revealed using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. Applying urinary HCG locally via the IUMD profoundly alters endometrial secretory parameters. Prolactin, IGFBP-1, and M-CSF are significantly inhibited and VEGF is regulated in a biphasic manner involving early stimulation followed by inhibition of intrauterine levels. Use of the IUMD has thus shown that the urinary HCG preparations routinely used for ovulation induction and luteal support may directly alter endometrial function.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modified true-color computer-assisted image analysis versus subjective scoring of estrogen receptor expression in breast cancer: a comparison.

BACKGROUND: Hormone receptor expression can be quantified by computerized image analysis in immunohistochemically stained specimens. When comparing semiquantitative scoring with computerized image analysis a review of the literature shows contradictory findings concerning the correlation of these two methods. Recent technical approaches have been developed with true-color computer-assisted image analysis facilitating new measurement designs. We performed a study with a new approach using the principle of semiquantitative assessment of hormone receptor content and measuring two different binary images (immunohistochemically stained nuclear area and total nuclear area). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded and immunohistochemically stained breast cancer specimens were assessed for estrogen receptor expression by true color computer-assisted image analysis and by conventional light microscopy scoring according to Remmele (immunoreactive score (IRS) = staining intensity (SI) x percentage of positive cells (PP)). The results of both methods were correlated. RESULTS: Mean optical density (MOD) and subjective scoring of SI as well as stained nuclear area vs. total nuclear area and subjective scoring of stained cells (PP) showed a high correlation (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0.95, p-value: 0.0001 and 0.64, p-value: 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION: On the basis of this new technical approach our results confirm the correlation of semiquantitative hormone receptor scoring and quantitative computer-assisted image analysis. We believe that by automating electronic analysis in the near future we will be able to establish reliable observer-independent evaluation of immunohistochemical variables ensuing comparability in multi-center trials and cost efficiency.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast: extensive intraductal component has no impact on lymph node involvement and survival.

The extensive intraductal component (EIC) in infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) was reported to be a predictor of local recurrence. We investigated the influence of this histopathological parameter on nodal status and overall survival. In 115 patients suffering from an IDC with tumor stage FIGO I and II, 35 were EIC positive. We did not find a correlation with the nodal status. The mean follow up was 73 (+/- 38) months. EIC showed no influence on overall survival. Based on our findings, the presence of EIC is not a criterion for therapeutic decisions in IDC.

Breast Neoplasms↗