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Biomedical subjects

A L'Abbate

Publications and source records attributed to A L'Abbate.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Coronary vasospasm as a possible cause of myocardial infarction. A conclusion derived from the study of "preinfarction" angina.

To investigate the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction we undertook a systematic study of patients with angina at rest, a syndrome known to evolve frequently into infarction. Among 187 consecutive patients, 37 had infarction, all in the area that showed electrocardiographic changes during angina. In all 76 patients who underwent hemodynamic monitoring, 201thallium myocardial scintigraphy or angiography during angina, a vasospastic origin of the attacks was documented. In six patients with infarction shortly after these studies and in two in whom the infarction developed during hemodynamic monitoring or during angiography the onset of infarction was indistinguishable from the onset of anginal attacks. One patient in whom spasm was observed at the onset of infarction died six hours later; at post-mortem examination, a fresh laminar thrombus was found at the site of the spasm. After infarction, complete thrombotic occlusion of the branch shown to undergo vasospasm was documented in two patients by angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

HBsAg immune complex glomerulonephritis.

Out of 97 patients with various forms of glomerulonephritis 10 were found to be HBsAg seropositive. None of these showed HBsAg immunodeposits within the kidney. Direct immunofluorescent kidney staining for HBsAg was observed in 4 out of 87 HBsAg seronegative patients. The HBsAg staining in kidneys was a false positive reaction due to binding of the Fc portion of the fluoresceinated IgG molecules to the IgM RF tissue deposits. The false positive reaction for HBsAg is not revealed by the usual specificity controls for fluorescence staining. The role of HBsAg in glomerulonephritis remains unproven.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

Coronary vasospasm in angina pectoris.

Coronary angiography was performed during 34 angina attacks in thirty patients admitted because of recurrent angina at rest. Nineteen (seventeen with S-T segment elevation and two S-T depression) had angiograms during a spontaneous attack, eleven (nine with S-T elevation and two with S-T depression) during an attack induced by intravenous ergonovine maleate. Control coronary angiograms showed a wide range of atherosclerotic obstruction, from normal vessels to severe triple-vessel disease. During the anginal attack, all patients with S-T segment elevation had vasospasm localised to one of the major branches, often resulting in complete occlusion. Attacks with S-T segment depression were seen only in patients with double or triple vessel disease, and here the vasospasm generally affected coronary branches without causing complete occlusion. When appropriately searched for, vasospastic angina seems to be common.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Regional myocardial perfusion in patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, at rest and during angina pectoris induced by tachycardia.

We studied regional myocardial perfusion by scintigraphic computer-assisted analysis of initial distribution, washout rates, and residual activity of 133Xe injected into the left coronary artery of four patients with normal arteriograms and 14 patients with coronary stenosis. At rest, residual activity in poststenotic regions was always greater than in control regions, but initial washout rates were not slower. During angina, following xenon injections, the amount of indicator distributed to the poststenotic regions was markedly reduced; the increase of the initial washout rates was smaller than in control regions relative to rest, and residual activity was higher. Initial washout rates did not differ as much as from those of normal myocardium because in severe ischemia too little indicator is deposited initially in these regions to produce a change of any magnitude. Indeed, when angina was induced immediately after the xenon injection, poststenotic washout rates became much slower during angina than at rest, a finding that implicates functional factors in impairing poststenotic myocardial perfusion during angina.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Selective removal of plasma cryoglobulins in cryoglobulinaemia.

Cryoglobulins were removed from the plasma of two patients with mixed cryoglobulinaemia (IgM(k)-IgG type) associated with severe membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis and angiitis. The removal of about half the circulating cryo-Igs ('cryo-Igpheresis') was followed by a brisk rebound in cryo-Igs due to the rapid synthesis rate of monoclonal IgM(k) with anti-IgG activity. 'Cryo-Igpheresis' + cyclophosphamide treatment suppressed the rebound of cryo-IgGs, but not that of the cryo-IgMs. This differential effect was due to decrease of the antibody activity of cryo-IgMs. The clinical implications of such changes need further evaluation.

Cryoglobulins↗
PubMed1976

Myocardial tissue recruitment in the dog as determined by double tracer dilution method.

The amount of tissue perfused, as determined from the difference in volume of distribution between a diffusible indicator (125I-antipyrine) and an intravascular indicator (131 I-albumin) was measured at different values of coronary flow, perfusion pressure, and vasomotor tone in the working left ventricle of an open-chest dog. Coronary pressure and flow were regulated independently from the systemic circulation and coronary vasomotor tone was reduced by dipyridamole. At each flow vasomotor tone was assessed by using as a reference the maximal vasodilation induced by arrest of flow. Measured tissue space was considered to be related to the capillary surface area available for tracer diffusion and therefore to the number of perfused capillaries per volume of muscle. A relationship between coronary blood flow and tissue volume was observed. It was found to be independent of vasomotor tone. Vasodilation was found to increase available exchanging capillary surface at a constant perfusion pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Methods for the study of regional myocardial perfusion in patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease: findings at rest after nitroglycerin and during angina pectoris.

In patients with ischemic heart disease the evaluation of regional myocardial perfusion by 133Xenon intracoronary injection using a gamma camera computer system allows the detection of regional alterations of myocardial perfusion. While at rest a minority of the patients studied shows large alterations, during pacing induced angina a severe reduction of regional myocardial perfusion can be evidenced both in initial distribution scintigrams, when the injection is performed during angina, and on the washout curves when angina is induced immediately after the injection, during the course of the washout.

Angina Pectoris↗