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Biomedical subjects

A Laborde

Publications and source records attributed to A Laborde.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Comparison of two electrical stimulation protocols on quadriceps muscle after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Feasability study].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility of a study comparing the effects of two protocols of electrical stimulation of the quadriceps femoris after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. MATERIAL: Seven sportsmen with a mean age of 26 yrs were randomly grouped in two: a 20 Hz stimulated group (4 patients) and a 80 Hz stimulated group (3 patients). After surgery all patients received electrical stimulation of the quadriceps femoris, five days a week, for 12 weeks, and had a standard program of voluntary contractions. The main outcome assessed before and three months after surgery were: quadriceps and hamstring peak torque at 90, 180 and 240 degrees /second, maximal isometric quadriceps at 75 degrees of flexion and muscle and subcutaneous fat volumes of the thigh using MRI. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of rehabilitation, the thigh muscle volume deficit of the operated limb was between 3 and 9% in the 20 Hz stimulated group and between 1 and 2% in the 80 Hz stimulated group. Quadriceps peak torque deficit was less than 30% except for two patients in the 20 Hz stimulated group. Maximal isometric quadriceps deficit of the operated limb was higher than 30% except for two patients in the 20 Hz stimulated group. CONCLUSION: The study showed that comparison of two protocols of electrical stimulation of the quadriceps femoris after anterior cruciate ligament surgery is possible if stimulation period is not more than four weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[3D preliminary analysis gait in stroke patients: knee flexion in compensatory strategies].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this preliminary study was to assess strategies of walking a stride in stroke patients with spastic right hemiplegia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gait was recorded in 3D in seven patients without other locomotion disorders. Kinematics data were studied only on the sagittal plane. The position and trajectory markers on the right side were studied during the swing phase in comparison with static standing position. Results were confronted with angular data. RESULTS: Three walking models were defined: 1) near normal gait with normal mobility in the knee; 2) gait with hicking while the flexion of the knee was reduced; 3) gait with a "talus" foot without motor recovery necessitating a pendular movement. DISCUSSION: The second pathological group was characterized with insufficient flexion in the knee in lifting the foot from the floor. In this group, patients adopted a compensation strategy with hicking in making the stride without touching the floor. We raised the question of limiting this adaptive strategy in order to enhance their remaining mobility. CONCLUSION: A 3D strategy gait analysis, before therapeutic choices, seems to confirm the value of analysing kinematic data in stroke patients with hemiplegia. The amplitude of knee mobility and hip compensation strategy can be specifically studied to improve the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies (orthesis, selective tibial neurotomy, botulinum toxin).

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Effects of two electrical stimulation frequencies in thigh muscle after knee surgery.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two protocols of electrical stimulation combined with voluntary contractions on the recovery of thigh muscles after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. Ten sportsmen with a mean age of 26 yrs were randomly assigned into two groups: a 80 Hz stimulated group (5 patients) and a 20 Hz stimulated group (5 patients). All patients received electrical stimulation of the quadriceps femoris, five days a week, for 12 weeks, and had a standard program of voluntary contractions. Muscle and fat volumes of the thigh were assessed using MRI before surgery and after 12 weeks of rehabilitation. Quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength were evaluated by isokinetic measurements. Twelve weeks after surgery, the quadriceps peak torque deficit in the operated limb with respect to the non operated limb at 180 degrees /s and 240 degrees /s was significantly (p < 0.05) less in the 20 Hz group than in the 80 Hz group. This difference was not confirmed when comparing the pre-surgery quadriceps peak torque of the operated limb with the post-surgery one. Subcutaneous fat volume was increased for the two groups at the post-surgery test. This increase was significantly (p < 0.05) greater for the 80 Hz group. Thigh muscle volume deficit was not significantly different between the two groups.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1996

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: heteroplasmy is likely to be significant in the expression of LHON in families with the 3460 ND1 mutation.

AIM: To assess the effect of heteroplasmy on the expression of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in a large family with the 3460 LHON mutation. METHODS: Mutation detection was performed by restriction enzyme digestion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Heteroplasmy was estimated by quantitation of wild type:mutant product ratios. RESULTS: There is a significant association between levels of mutant mtDNA and manifestation of the disease phenotype. CONCLUSION: As a high proportion of families with the 3460 mutation demonstrate heteroplasmy; this is likely to be a significant factor in disease expression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: implications of the sex ratio for linkage studies in families with the 3460 ND1 mutation.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), which is associated with mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), is commoner in males than females. A study of over 30 LHON families with a mutation at position 3460 of mtDNA demonstrates a significantly decreased male excess from that generally quoted, with evidence for a marked bias in the ascertainment of males over females. This has implications for the analysis of those factors which give rise to the male bias.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiologic and economic impact of child accidents: intensive care and accident consequences in Savoie].

In the context of a descriptive study of accidents occurring to children aged less than 16 yr old conducted in 1986 in Savoie, France (333,200 inhabitants; 74,400 children), the present survey focuses on their consequences during an 18-month period after hospitalization. The authors evaluate both the epidemiological impact of the accidents (14.2% of hospitalized children had mid-term consequences; 6.4% had sequelae, one-third of which were serious) and their economic impact: the medical and social costs of the consequences amounted to 1.4 million francs, totalizing almost 10.5 millions francs for the global cost of the accident after 18 months, in the Savoie department. The authors emphasize the difficulties of making such evaluations.

Accidents↗
PubMed1984

Plants that poison in Uruguay.

Poisoning by plants has different traits in each country, according to geographical, botanical and also socio-cultural characteristics. The incidence of "plant calls" to the Poison Control Center in Uruguay is not very high, but it is due usually to symptomatic cases affecting children. Plant poisoning in adults is less frequent, being due to home-made medicine, and, in women, to the popular belief in the abortive quality of some plants. Suicide attempts are rare. The different species that cause consultations, and the clinical characteristics are briefly analyzed, as well as the problems that a Poison Control Center usually has to face in poisoning by plants.

Adult↗