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A Leak

Publications and source records attributed to A Leak.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Telithromycin is as effective as amoxicillin/clavulanate in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

This randomized, double-blind study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a short, 5-day course of telithromycin, a new ketolide antibacterial, compared with a standard 10-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanate, in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). The study enrolled 325 adult patients with AECB and a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients received either telithromycin 800 mg once daily (qd) for 5 days (followed by placebo for 5 days) or amoxicillin/clavulanate 500/125 mg three times daily (tid) for 10 days. Clinical cure rates for telithromycin post-therapy (Days 17-21, test-of-cure) and late post-therapy (Days 31-36) were 86.1 and 78.1%, respectively; 82.1 and 75.0% for amoxicillin/clavulanate. Excellent clinical cure rates were also observed for high-risk patients. Bacteriologic outcome was satisfactory for 69.2% of telithromycin recipients vs 70.0% for amoxicillin/clavulanate recipients. Both treatments were generally well tolerated, although the frequency of drug-related adverse events was almost two-fold higher for amoxicillin/clavulanate (25.0 vs. 13.1%). Thus, a 5-day course of telithromycin 800 mg qd is an effective and well-tolerated alternative to a standard 10-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanate 500/125 mg tid for first-line empiric treatment of AECB in adults with COPD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Iodine-123 salmon calcitonin, an imaging agent for calcitonin receptors: synthesis, biodistribution, metabolism and dosimetry in humans.

Calcitonin is used to reduce high serum calcium levels in patients with malignancy, and as therapy for osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Receptors for the peptide have been identified in some human cancer cells including those of lung, breast, bone, prostate, and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, suggesting that an imaging agent for the receptors might be useful in nuclear oncology. A modified chloramine-T method was used to label a pharmaceutical form of salmon calcitonin (SCT) with iodine-123. Labelling can be performed within 5 min including purification, resulting in >95% radiochemical purity and 70% yield. Digestion analysis shows labelling with two iodine atoms on the tyrosine residue. A Chinese hamster ovary cell-based assay showed that the receptor binding and activation were not impaired by the labelling. Biodistribution in mice was similar to that of commercially available mono-iodinated 125I-labelled SCT, kidney being the principal target organ. Evaluation in three patients previously diagnosed as having Paget's disease (injected with 37 MBq [123I]diiodotyrosyl22-SCT, containing less than 4 IU hormone, imaged dynamically up to 0.5 h and at intervals up to 24 h) shows early uptake in liver, kidney and sites of known Paget's disease but not in normal bone, and later uptake in thyroid and stomach. Blood clearance was fitted to a biexponential with half-lives of 3.4-7.4 min and 3-34 h. Radiation dosimetry was estimated using MIRDOSE 3. The highest doses (mean mGy/MBq) were to thyroid (6.8x10(-1)) and kidney (6.0x10(-2)), with a whole-body dose 3.0x10(-2). High performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that urinary radioactivity was mostly in the form of iodide and diiodotyrosine within minutes of injection, indicating rapid in vivo breakdown. In summary, [123I]diiodotyrosyl22-SCT binds to calcitonin receptors and can image sites of Paget's disease but its imaging potential is not optimal because of rapid breakdown and clearance from target tissues, and an alternative radiolabelling approach is required.

Aged↗