Biomedical subjects
A Lindner
Publications and source records attributed to A Lindner.
[Glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood and plasma of horses of different ages, sexes and different use].
GSH-Px activity in blood and plasma of 269 horses was determined and interrelated to age, sex, and type of use or breed. Furthermore values in blood were related to hematocrit and hemoglobin contents. Trotters and riding horses had higher GSH-Px activities in plasma as well as in blood (0.83 +/- 0.22 and 0.79 +/- 0.23 U/ml plasma or 27.2 +/- 4.3 and 24.0 +/- 7.0 U/ml blood) than Thoroughbreds in training and yearlings (0.61 +/- 0.,14 and 0.56 +/- 0.16 U/ml plasma or 20.6 2 +/- 6.9 and 24.6 +/- 4.3 U/ml blood). 3 to 6 years old Thoroughbreds had higher GSH-Px-activities than 1 to 2 years old ones. Colts and fillies did not have differing values.
Variability and circadian changes in home uroflowmetry in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia compared to normal controls.
We evaluated the variability and circadian changes in consecutive measurements of home uroflowmetry in 32 patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 16 healthy men. In the BPH group 476 uroflow measurements were recorded during 24 to 72 hours (mean 14.9 measurements per patient), and the controls produced 100 flow recordings (mean 6.25 measurements per participant). Great variability between consecutive peak flow rates was observed in the BPH group, ranging from at least 1 standard deviation in 28 of 32 patients (87.5%) to at least 2 standard deviations in 15 of 32 (47%). In 21 of 32 patients (65.6%) the highest recorded peak flow rate was greater than, while the lowest peak flow rate was less than the -2 standard deviations plot in voiding nomograms. In the control group variability between consecutive voiding episodes also was marked, namely at least 1 standard deviation in 8 of 16 men (50.0%) and at least 2 standard deviations in 2 of 16 (12.5%). However, in none of the control men was any peak flow rate measurement less than the -2 standard deviations line. Circadian changes in diurnal and nocturnal measurements of voided volume, interval to maximal flow, flow time, peak flow rate and adjusted peak flow rate were recorded in the BPH group, providing a urodynamic support to a well known clinical observation.
Re: A comparison of transurethral and transrectal microwave hyperthermia in poor surgical risk benign prostatic hyperplasia patients.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A circulating inhibitor of the RBC membrane calcium pump in chronic renal failure.
A humoral inhibitor of the membrane calcium pump was studied in plasma from 28 normal controls, 33 patients receiving long-term hemodialysis, and 26 with chronic renal failure (CRF; creatinine clearance range was 6 to 97 ml/min). Calcium pump activity was measured as the rate of Sr2+ efflux in normal erythrocytes (RBCs) loaded with Sr2+ (a substitute of Ca2+ in the calcium pump). Plasma, and plasma ultrafiltrates from hemodialysis patients strongly inhibited calcium pump activity compared with controls without plasma (36 +/- 18 vs. 25 +/- 12, %INHIBITION/CONTROL, P < 0.05). Inhibition markedly decreased with acute hemodialysis (16 +/- 12 vs. 5 +/- 14, %INHIBITION/NORMAL PLASMA, N = 15, P < 0.001). In CRF, degree of inhibition correlated with the serum creatinine concentration (r = 0.75, P < 0.001). A kinetic study showed that plasma decreased the maximal rate of the Ca2+ pumps (Vmax) without affecting the apparent affinity for internal cations (KSr). Moreover, the plasma inhibitory factor had a low molecular weight, and was dialyzable and heat stable. In conclusion, we found evidence for an RBC membrane calcium pump inhibitor in uremic plasma, which correlates with the degree of renal insufficiency. Possibly, it may increase calcium content in RBCs and other cells and could thus be related to uremic toxicity and/or hypertension.
Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography in the evaluation of intracranial neoplasms and arteriovenous malformations.
Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) was performed in 57 patients with primary intracranial brain tumors (n = 49) or arteriovenous malformations (n = 8) to evaluate its diagnostic potential. In 46 patients (81%), lesions could be identified employing this technique. In 7 patients, transcranial ultrasound examination was not feasible because of bone thickness; in the remaining 4 patients, the tumor was indistinguishable from adjacent brain tissue despite sufficient insonation, suggesting that these neoplasms are isoechogenic. The sonographic features of brain tumors were very similar: a hyperechogenic matrix of the lesion was interspersed by hypoechogenic pixels. Larger hypoechogenic areas (0.5-1 cm) gave evidence of tumor necrosis. Differences between the findings of TCCS and computed tomography concerning tumor size were found in 7 patients, in whom TCCS revealed an area of smaller extension within the corresponding hypodense area on the computed tomographic scan. Perifocal brain edema could not be detected by ultrasound examination. In 13 patients, a thin, hypoechogenic peritumoral halo was disclosed that did not correlate with perifocal brain edema identified by computed tomography and that may have been due to compression of adjacent parenchyma. In patients with arteriovenous malformations, TCCS permitted the identification of the main feeders, the nidus, and the draining venous system by color-coded depiction of intravascular blood flow. In conclusion, TCCS is an additional method for initial diagnosis and highly suitable for follow-up in tumor patients and provides valuable information about tissue characteristics and blood flow.
[Useful life, departure rates and causes in sport horses].
A review of the operational life, attrition and lethality rates, major causes of attrition and death for thoroughbred and standardbred race horses and competition horses is given. Because of the lack of data, it was not possible to supply answers for all the sport disciplines. The operational life in sports for thoroughbred race horses was 3.3 years, for standardbred horses 4.1 and for competition horses 5.5 years. Attrition and lethality rates could be determined only for the thoroughbred race horses. The yearly rates of attrition and lethality were 30% and 2% respectively. The major causes of attrition for thoroughbreds were due to inadequate performance and breeding, for competition horses due to damages of the locomotor, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Damage of the locomotor system was by far the most important cause for the death of thoroughbreds while for competition horses it was the gastrointestinal, locomotor and respiratory systems. The available data was not sufficient to make an evaluation of the parameters selected.
[The effect of storage time and temperature on the activity of glutathione peroxidase in plasma and whole blood of horses].
The influence of temperature and duration of storage on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in plasma and whole blood samples of horses was investigated. Furthermore the relationships between the GSH-Px activities in plasma and whole blood as well as the GSH-Px values related to hematocrit and the hemoglobin content of the blood samples of 93 different horses were calculated. At 20-22 degrees C, the GSH-Px activity in plasma and whole blood samples remained stable over at least three days while it was reduced by 38% and 65% after 2 and 3 days, if the whole blood samples were kept stored after being diluted (lysate). The GSH-Px activity was stable over three days in plasma, whole blood and lysate samples stored at 4 degrees C and -18 degrees C. In lysate samples kept frozen the GSH-Px activity remained stable over a period of 60 days while in plasma samples the activity had fluctuations. The GSH-Px activity in plasma was 12.2 +/- 11.7 nkat/ml, in whole blood 386 +/- 117 nkat/ml. The coefficient of correlation between plasma and whole blood GSH-Px activity was r = 0.27 (p less than 0.01), and between plasma and whole blood related to the hematocrit and to the hemoglobin content of the blood samples 0.38 and 0.35 respectively (both p less than 0.001). Between whole blood and whole blood related to hematocrit and hemoglobin content, r was 0.8 and 0.89 respectively (p less than 0.001).
[High-dose-rate brachytherapy of prostatic carcinoma with iridium 192].
In the therapy of localized prostatic cancer the radical prostatectomy shows good results within a five-year interval with no evidence of disease in nearly 90%. An important alternative is the radiotherapy by external beam or interstitial technique with iodine, gold or iridium. We use the high dose rate technique with Ir-192. In this technique five to seven hollow needles are placed in the prostate from perineal punctures under transrectal sonographic control. The three-dimensional brachytherapy planning is done according the actual needle position. A computer program calculates the radiation dose and distribution for each needle by adjustment of time and stops of the Ir-implants. The Ir-192 is temporary loaded twice with 9 Gy supplemented with external beam radiation (18 x 2 Gy). Since 1985 29 patients with localized tumor (T1-T3, N0, M0) have been irradiated. 21/29 had a pelvic lymphadenectomy before. In 85% of the patients were seen no side effects. Only one patient had a serious complication through a recto-vesical fistula. Out of the 21 followed-up patients 16 were in full remission, three had an androgen deprivation because of progression. A local tumor control could be demonstrated by cytology in 70% of the patients. This rational technique seems to be an alternative for patients not eligible for a radical prostatectomy.
[Intracavernous injections for the treatment of erectile dysfunction].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Diagnostic evaluation and surgical treatment of stress incontinence in the female].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Effects of prostatectomy on sexual function.
We evaluated the effects of prostatectomy on sexual function in 210 patients, 49.6 percent of whom underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and the remainder had suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy (SPP). Pre- and postoperative interviews with detailed questionnaires were utilized. Postoperative sexual dysfunction was reported by 18 of 152 patients (11.8%) who were functioning normally prior to surgery. The incidence of postoperative impotence was evenly distributed between the TURP and SPP groups and was age-related; it was highest among older patients. We further observed a strong correlation between the presence of a permanent sexual partner and the preservation of potency. We conclude that the risk of postoperative impotence is dependent on both the patient's age and the presence of a partner, and should be discussed with the patient preoperatively.
On the morphology of the terminal microvasculature during endochondral ossification in rats.
The investigation was carried out on the proximal tibia metaphysis by means of India ink-injection, reconstruction, corrosion casting combined with scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy of thin sections. The terminal vasculature during endochondral ossification proved to be a labyrinth of interconnected sinusoidal complexes with bulbous buds invading the chondrocyte cavities of the growth plate. This system of vessels was canalized throughout. A special feature was the existence of endothelial pockets. The formation of the terminal microvasculature as a labyrinthine cavity during endochondral ossification, together with the still incompletely developed bone could be a weak point for compression injuries.
Percutaneous suprapubic cystostomy using a modified urethral sound.
We developed a modified urethral sound designed for simple insertion of a percutaneous suprapubic cystostomy tube during an operation. The advantages of this instrument are discussed.
Measurement of intra-oral negative air pressure during dummy sucking in human newborn.
Non-nutritive sucking on a dummy was studied in 23 clinically normal full-term infants with a mean gestational age of 40 weeks (SD 1.5). The intra-oral negative air pressure was measured by a miniature air pressure transducer inside a commercial dummy. The sucking pattern in these infants was always composed of periodical changes between sucking burst and interburst periods with a mean rate of 5.3 (SD 1.6) bursts per minute. The mean rate of sucks within a sucking burst was 1.7 (SD 0.2) sucks/sec. The mean value of maximum intra-oral negative air pressure among newborn was 58 mbar (SD 14.6) during dummy sucking. During interburst periods the negative air pressure remained at a mean value of 8.4 mbar (SD 5.8).
Cheek and lip pressure against maxillary dental arch during dummy sucking.
The sucking pattern and intra-oral negative air pressure were studied simultaneously with the cheek/lip pressure in 12 children when sucking a dummy. The cheek/lip pressure was measured at the canine and at the second primary molar on the right side of the upper dental arch. The cheek/lip pressure peaks followed the intra-oral negative air sucking pressure peaks continuously. In the canine region the mean value of maximum cheek/lip pressure was 54 g/cm2. The corresponding value at the second primary molar was 21 g/cm2. During dummy sucking the mean cheek/lip pressure was 3.4 times higher against the canine compared to the second molar (P less than 0.001). The intra-oral negative air pressure was approximately the same whether the cheek/lip pressure was measured at the canine or at the second primary molar. The results indicated that the circumoral muscles were especially active during dummy sucking, in addition to the cheek pressure in the canine region.
Histopathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia after failure of hyperthermia treatment.
We have used a fine morphometric method to evaluate hyperplastic prostate tissue after treatment by local hyperthermia and compare it with untreated specimens. Local hyperthermia was delivered to the prostate gland by a transrectal applicator using microwaves at 915 MHz. Prostatic tissue was obtained from 13 patients who had completed a course of local hyperthermia treatment and who underwent prostatectomy 3 to 12 months later because the treatment had failed. Prostatic tissue from 9 patients who had undergone prostatectomy with no previous treatment served as a control. A significant reduction in the volume fraction of fibrous tissue was found in the study group (37%) compared with the general population (48%). No inter-group difference was observed in the volume fractions of vascular or glandular tissue. We suggest that the difference observed in the fibrous elements may be the reason for the failure of treatment and that the histological composition of the diseased gland may, therefore, be a key factor in determining the outcome.
Serum prolactin levels in patients treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue for adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Twenty-six patients with advanced cancer of the prostate were treated with [D-SER(BUt)6]LHRH-(1-9) nonapeptide ethylamide (buserelin). All but 6 patients evidenced signs of metastasis. Blood prolactin levels were measured prior to the initiation of treatment and during a follow-up period of 18 months. A statistically significant (p greater than 0.0005) elevation in serum prolactin levels was observed after 3 months of treatment. Serum prolactin remained elevated for a total of 6 months, after which a decline to pretreatment levels was observed. Our observation of a transient rise in prolactin levels during the chronic administration of buserelin is at variance with previously published data which reported unchanged prolactin levels during such treatment.