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Biomedical subjects

A Lotte

Publications and source records attributed to A Lotte.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Treatment of imported malaria in adults: a multicentre study in France.

BACKGROUND: Data about anti-malarial drugs prescription practices in Europe and the safety of imported malaria treatments are scanty. In 1999, a French consensus development conference published guidelines for the prevention and treatment of imported P. falciparum malaria. The impact of these guidelines has not been evaluated. AIM: To investigate the impact of these guidelines on the prescription of anti-malarials, and to evaluate the incidence of acute drug events (ADEs) leading to discontinuation of treatment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. METHODS: Members of the medical staff in 14 French infectious and tropical disease wards completed a standardized form for each patient treated for imported malaria in 2001. A propensity score matching technique was used to estimate the risk of ADEs leading to discontinuation of the regimen. RESULTS: In the 474 patients studied, quinine was the first-line anti-malarial most often prescribed. Only 3% of patients received halofantrine. Mefloquine was associated with a RR of 4.9 (95%CI 3.2-7.4, p < 0.00001) risk of discontinuation of treatment due to ADEs. DISCUSSION: The very limited use of halofantrine indicates that the main practice recommendations of the guidelines have been taken into account. Mefloquine was associated with a substantial risk of discontinuing the treatment because of ADEs. This is a serious limitation for the use of mefloquine in the treatment of out-patients with imported malaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Therapy modalities used in tuberculosis in a French Department. The Bas-Rhin, 1965-77].

An analysis of treatment methods was carried out on 8,116 subjects suffering from all forms of tuberculosis, notified from 1965 to 1976 to the Bas-Rhin Tuberculosis Register and not kept in the active card index longer than the 31 dec. 1977 (because they were cured, dead or lost from sight). Only the cases of respiratory tuberculosis not bacteriologically proven notified during the first period (1965 to 1969) were not included in the study. In the annual cohorts the proportion of patients treated in hospital for more than 15 days, as cell as the mean length of hospital stay and duration of antituberculous chemotherapy, has considerably decreased. The drugs most often used for notified patients from 1965 to 1969 were Isoniazid, Streptomycin and P.A.S. For patients notified between 1970 and 1976, Rifampicin, Isoniazid and Ethambutol were most common. Triple therapy was used most often, 66,8% for the first period, 52.6% for the second. At the end of the second year of follow up the proportion cured rose from 26% of the cases surveilled for the first cohort (1965-1969) to 51% for the second (1970 to 1974) and 61% for the third (1975-1976). As for the death rate, this progressively declined from 4,3% to 2,4% and 1,6%. Finally the prevalence and incidence of bacteriologically proven tuberculosis has decreased strikingly in the general population of the Bas-Rhin since 1965. In addition there was a progressive diminution in the ratio of these two indices (2,4 in 1965 and 1,2 in 1979) conveying the real efficacy of these treatment regimes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Epidemiologic study of the risk of tuberculosis recurrence in the Bas-Rhin, 1967-77].

The authors report an "analytic epidemiological" study, showing the risk of relapse in tuberculous patients in the Bas-Rhin in 1967 to 1977. This was possible thanks to statutory notification of tuberculous cases, with an index updated by annual returns. The study relates to French subjects notified as new cases of all forms of active tuberculosis between 1967 to 1975, going out the active file on or before 31.12.1976, and followed until 31.12.1977 after the cessation of chemotherapy. Amongst those gone out the active list, 5% were lost to follow up, 15% died, and 80% were alive (and bacteriologically inactive) at the end of treatment. In this latter group cases of relapse were observed between 1969 and 1977. Thus, 3,327 patients were at risk a relapse during the first year, and when the study was completed after 8 years, 76 relapses were observed. Two methods were used to calculate the risk of relapse. The first reported the number of relapses (76) to the number of people-years (14,500 for the 3,327 patients). The mean annual risk was 5,24%. The role of certain risk factors for a relapse could be identified more precisely: Sex, 5,43% in men and 3,19% in women, Age, 4,76% before 55, 8.36% after, Initial bacteriology 5,9% for positive cases and 3,27% for negative cases. Use of Rifampicin, 3,9% for users, 5,8% for non-users. The second calculation was based on actuarial method, giving the annual and cumulative risk as a function of the exposed population each year, for the period of the study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Theoretical cost of the medical treatment of a case of tuberculosis in France in 1982].

The theoretical cost of the medical treatment of a case of tuberculosis in France in 1982 was calculated after considering the price of diagnosis, drugs, in-patient care and follow up. For exclusively out-patient (ambulatory) care, 9 months treatment was 10 times less expensive than a therapeutic regime which included a hospital/sanatorium stay of four months followed by a return home. The major differences of theoretical costs involved were more closely related to location of treatment rather than either the drugs chosen (as Rifampicin was always used), or the type of follow up over 9 months.

Ambulatory Care↗