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Biomedical subjects

A Lundervold

Publications and source records attributed to A Lundervold.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Multispectral analysis of uterine corpus tumors in magnetic resonance imaging.

The goal of this prospective study was to evaluate multispectral analysis techniques for automatic recognition of uterine cancer in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The first part of this study was an open training phase in which the statistical parameters of the various normal and pathological tissue types were estimated. This was followed by a test phase that was done as a blind experiment. Results from an extensive pathological examination of the surgically removed organs served as the reference for the diagnosis and various geometric measurements of the lesions. A radiological examination of the MR images was also performed. All malignant test tumors were correctly or close to correctly classified. However, parts of normal endometrium and other mucosal linings were also classified as adenocarcinomas. In addition, parts of some of the malignant tumors were classified as normal endometrium. The geometrical extension of the tumor and its relationship to the surroundings were slightly better predicted than those obtained by the radiologist. The results indicate that it is possible to differentiate and determine the local extension of some types of uterine malignancies based on the information present in MR images.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Temporal distribution of seizures in epilepsy.

A major problem in epileptology is why a seizure occurs at a particular moment in time. An initial step in solving this problem is a detailed analysis of the temporal distribution of seizures. Using methods and theories of stochastic processes, seizure patterns in a group of epileptic outpatients were examined for stationarity, randomness, dependency and periodicity in a prospective study. Sixteen of the 21 seizure diaries included in the study showed stationarity; 2 were non-stationary and 3 inconclusive. Eleven of the 16 stationary diaries were non-Poisson (P less than 0.005), indicating that in the majority of patients seizures did not occur randomly. The most frequently encountered phenomenon was seizure clustering. Clustering was considered when the diaries fulfilled all three criteria: (1) a positive R-test (P less than 0.001); (2) deviation from the fitted Poisson distribution towards clustering; and (3) the feature of an autoregressive process in the autocorrelogram plot. Dependency between seizure events was demonstrated in 8 of the 16 stationary diaries, computing first order transition probabilities. A detailed analysis of seizure occurrence is a major step towards a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying seizure precipitation. This is exemplified by our finding of a relation between seizure frequency and the menstrual cycle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on thyroid function parameters.

Serum concentrations of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, TSH and prolactin were measured in 10 patients with affective disorders receiving ECT. Samples were drawn at -15 min, 0, +30 min, +60 min and +3 hr after ECT. A significant increase in both prolactin and TSH was observed 30 min after ECT. A small but significant decrease in triiodothyronine but no change in thyroxine was found in all post-ECT samples. The increase in TSH may be caused by an anti-dopaminergic effect of ECT at either the pituitary or the hypothalamic level.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of acupuncture on somatosensory evoked potentials.

After manual acupuncture in the Neiguan point no significant difference was detected on early component N9, N13, N20, as well as, the negative potential after N20 from 22 subjects with normal SEP. However in one patient with abnormal SEP the latencies were sometimes improved after acupuncture when the acupuncture simultaneously decreased the pain.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Cerebral angiography with the non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium iohexol and meglumine-Ca-metrizoate. A randomized double blind parallel study in man.

A double blind study was carried out to evaluate safety, tolerability and visualization quality of the non-ionic contrast medium Iohexol compared to Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate (Isopaque Cerebral) for cerebral angiography. The two contrast media were found equal in most respects. A slight increase in systolic blood pressure following Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate injections and a slight decrease in diastolic blood pressure following Iohexol were statistically significant. Tachycardia following injections of Meglumine-Ca-Metrizoate in the aortic arch was also significant and may indicate more discomfort from this medium, although no difference was found in patient interviews. The changes in blood pressure and heart rate were small and of no clinical importance.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1982

Cerebral angiography with iohexol. A multicentre clinical trial.

An open multicentre clinical trial with the new non-ionic contrast medium iohexol is reported. A total of 38 adult patients were included in the series. No serious side effects or complications occurred. The impression was that subjective reactions were less marked with iohexol than what is usually observed with conventional ionic contrast media.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Correlation of evoked potentials (SEP and VEP), EEG and CT in the diagnosis of brain tumors and cerebrovascular diseases.

In studying evoked potentials, EEG and CT in 29 patients with cerebral lesions (25 brain tumors and 4 with cerebrovascular diseases), a pathological EEG was found in 24 cases, pathological CT in 26 cases, pathological VEP in 10 of the 25 cases, pathological SEP in 10 cases out of 19. - Patients with pituitary tumors (chiasmatic tumors) showed pathological VEP and normal SEP due to compression of the visual pathway, and this correlated with the clinical site of the lesion, EEG and CT. - One patient with thalamic tumor showed pathological SEP and VEP due to affection of the somatic relay nucleus and the lateral geniculate body, this correlated with EEG and CT. - Patients with supratentorial tumors showed pathological SEP (absent cortical response), when there was cortical sensory loss and delayed conduction between N14-N20 when the posteior columns was affected. - Cases with infratentorial tumors showed pathological SEP only when there was affection of the ascending sensory pathway or the visual pathway. These cases showed pathological EEG and CT. - Cases with cerebrovascular disease showed pathological SEP when the lesion is at the thalamic level or affecting the thalamo-cortical pathway, evidenced clinically by cortical sensory loss or posterior column affection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Combined activation of the EEG with brietal and pentetrazol.

A group of 101 activations with Brietal and Pentetrazol are reported. Although Brietal proved to be of value in the investigation of all forms of epilepsy, with 55% positive results, there remained groups of patients in whom there was still a call for greater diagnostic precision. Pentetrazol was tried in 21 of these patients with 66% positive activation. It was found that the two agents together were successful in 72% of the patients. Both also add valuable negative evidence in suspected functional fits.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Electroencephalography and computerized transaxial tomography in epilepsy diagnosis.

Over a 6-month period 89 patients with epileptic seizures were systematically examined by EEGs and CT. Forty-two percent of all cases showed pathological findings in CT compared to 89% with abnormal EEGs. CT is very useful in identifying organic lesions in the epileptic patient. CT identified 11 cases of supratentorial tumour which were correctly localized by EEG. In patients with seizures after trauma or encephalitis the EEG abnormalities were more than could be detected by CT. The EEG and CT findings in cerebrovascular disorders, alcoholism and other diseases are discussed. A remarkable result is the relatively high percentage of hydrocephalus (23%) in the group of cryptogenic epilepsy. Positive EEG findings as to epilepsy could be seen in 62% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cerebral angiography with non-ionic (metrizamide) and ionic (meglumine metrizoate) watersoluble contrast media. A comparative study with double blind technic.

The adverse effects of cerebral angiography with metrizamide and meglumine metrizoate were compared in 20 patients for each contrast medium using a double blind technic. Deterioration of the EEG and bradycardial reactions were seen more often with meglumine metrizoate than with metrizamide and these differences were statistically significant. Metrizamide also had a shorter circulation time, less influence on the blood pressure and EMG than meglumine metrizoate, but these differences were not statistically significant. The clinical examinations showed no difference in the minor adverse effects. One patient had transient hemiparesis and dysarthria after angiography with meglumine metrizoate but no serious complications were seen in the others.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

EEG disturbances following myelography, cisternography and ventriculography with metrizamide.

Two types of EEG abnormalities were recorded after myelography, cisternography and ventriculography with metrizamide (Amipaque) in 292 patients. One, probably without clinical significance, occurred in the EEG of 36 patients as theta waves the following day. The other was of a more serious nature and was recorded as paroxysms of delta waves or spikes in the EEG of 11 patients minutes or some few hours after the myelography. One of these patients developed epileptic seizures.

Brain↗
PubMed1976

Metrizamide in radiography of the central nervous system. A preliminary report.

Metrizamide seems to be a suitable contrast medium for ventriculography and myelography. This contrast medium is less toxic and far less epileptogenic and spasmogenic than the other water-soluble contrast media in current use. No serious complications were noted in the present series. Transient changes in EEG were recorded, mainly with cervical myelographies. However, it is too early to evaluate the long-term side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Electrophysiological abnormalities in cases of dystrophia myotonica.

EMG, nerve conductions, repetitive nerve stimulation and SSEPs were studied in 14 patients with dystrophia myotonica. Fibrillation potentials were seen in two of these patients. Motor nerve conduction velocities of the medial popliteal nerve were decreased in 4 of the 13 patients studied. Three of these patients also showed decrease in the antidromic sensory conduction velocities. Motor conduction velocities of the lateral popliteal nerve were similarly reduced in four patients. Taking both the nerves into consideration, 6 of the 14 patients showed a decrease in the motor nerve conduction velocities of either, or both, of these nerves. Repetitive nerve stimulation showed abnormal responses in 13 of these 14 cases. SSEPs from stimulation of the lateral popliteal nerve showed increased latencies in three of the ten cases studied. Sensory conduction velocities as measured from SSEPs were decreased in three of the four cases. SSEPs for the medial popliteal nerve showed similar values. The significance of these abnormalities has been discussed.

Adult↗