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Biomedical subjects

A M Altschul

Publications and source records attributed to A M Altschul.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Salt sensitivity in experimental animals and man.

Interest has intensified in the possible role of dietary sodium in the etiology of hypertension and its management. A summary is provided of the evidence relating salt intake to hypertension from three sources: epidemiology of hypertension among societies, observations that management of hypertension is easier at lower intakes of NaCl, and observations that relate blood pressure to urinary output of sodium. The doubts raised about such a relationship are also summarized. Part of the confusion surrounding the relationship between sodium intake (or output) and blood pressure between individuals results from the interplay of other determinents: genetics (family history), weight, body mass index and Na/K ratio. These are discussed and research issues are outlined. The public policy implications of the current information and means for lowering of dietary sodium intake are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Relationship of dietary regimens to success, efficiency, and cost of weight loss.

One hundred twenty-five subjects in a behaviorally oriented, weight loss program that used several dietary patterns were retrospectively grouped according to the percentage of time they followed one of four dietary regimens: (a) Group 1--partial fasting, 400 kcal; (b) group 2--600 kcal; (c) group 3--1,200 to 1,500 kcal; and (d) group 4--failure to diet. The groups were described and compared regarding program completion, i.e., success and cost of weight loss. Groups 1 and 2 did significantly better than the other two in nearly all respects. Group 1 did better than Group 2 on program completion; the reverse was true when success of those completing 75 and 100 per cent of the program was compared. Groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly on success variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Electrolyte output, blood pressure, and family history of hypertension.

Adult, normotensive subjects were divided into two groups on the basis of whether their first degree relatives were diagnosed as being hypertensive. Urine samples were collected over a 24-hr period for 3 days and analyzed for electrolyte excretion; the rate of electrolyte excretion was also measured separately during the overnight period. Significant correlations were shown between blood pressure and sodium and chloride excretion, both the 24-hr total and the overnight rate; Na/K ratio; weight; and body mass index for those subjects with a positive family history of hypertension. In subjects with no family history of hypertension there were no significant correlations between those parameters and blood pressure. The rate of urinary excretion of sodium overnight may provide a means for further studies on populations to determine the interrelationship between sodium excretion, other parameters, blood pressure, and family history of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1967

Food proteins: new sources from seeds. Fortified and processed seed proteins have a role in satisfying human protein needs.

Adequate protein nutrition is possible at lower cost without the undermining of man's satisfaction with his food. This potential requires the upgrading of the proteins of cereals by supplementation with amino acids and the development of new protein foods from low-cost sources such as the oilseeds; infant malnutrition can be eliminated by such means. The more sophisticated new foods such as protein beverages and textured products are proving acceptable to man and will supplement meager supplies of animal protein.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1967

Isolation and characterization of peanut spherosomes.

Spherosomes of cotyledons of germinating peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.) were examined by electron microscopy and found to be particles about 1.0 to 2.0 mu in diameter bounded by a limiting membrane. Isolated spherosomes appear similar to spherosomes in situ. The isolated spherosomes are composed of 98.1% total lipids, 0.77% phospholipid and 1.27% protein by dry weight. The amounts of protein and phospholipid associated with the isolated spherosomes are sufficient to account for limiting membranes. Spherosomes amply account for the lipid in a peanut cotyledon. The activity of lipase and fatty acyl-Coenzyme A synthetase is not associated with the isolated spherosomes. This suggests that peanut spherosomes are principal sites of lipid storage but not of lipid degradation.

Journal Article↗